行走激励的傅里叶级数模型及其参数的实验研究
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摘要
利用三维动作捕捉技术结合三向测力板,开展了7种不同步行频率下行走激励的动力特性实验,得到73人次5 004条有效单足落步荷载曲线。利用实测的双足重合的准确时间点将单足落步荷载曲线拓展成连续时程曲线,进而得到行走激励竖向及横向分量的傅里叶级数模型的前5阶系数及相位角值。与其它国家现有模型的比较反映出了不同人群特性的差异,所建议模型可用于大跨工程结构考虑行走作用的振动舒适度问题的设计与分析。
Using a three-dimensional human motion capture system and three-dimensional force plates,a series of experiments on dynamic properties of human-induced walking load with seven different walking frequencies were conducted. 73 persons participated in the experiments to acquire 5 004 record curves of single-footfall trace. The continuous time history of walking load was synthesized with single-step force curves by using the measured correct time points for two-fool-reclosing. Based on experimental measurements,the coefficients and phase angles of the first five orders of Fourier-series models for both vertical and lateral walking load components were achieved. Comparing this model with existing models of other countries,the difference among different nations' characteristics were reflected. The proposed model could be used for structural design and analysis of long-span structures considering the problems of serviceability caused by human walking.
Using a three-dimensional human motion capture system and three-dimensional force plates,a series of experiments on dynamic properties of human-induced walking load with seven different walking frequencies were conducted. 73 persons participated in the experiments to acquire 5 004 record curves of single-footfall trace. The continuous time history of walking load was synthesized with single-step force curves by using the measured correct time points for two-fool-reclosing. Based on experimental measurements,the coefficients and phase angles of the first five orders of Fourier-series models for both vertical and lateral walking load components were achieved. Comparing this model with existing models of other countries,the difference among different nations' characteristics were reflected. The proposed model could be used for structural design and analysis of long-span structures considering the problems of serviceability caused by human walking.
引文
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[2]樊健生,李泉,李全旺,等.考虑人-结构相互作用的楼盖振动控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(11):230-236.FAN Jian-sheng,LI Quan,LI Quan-wang,et al.Investigation on the control of floor vibration considering the interact of people and structures[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(11):230-236.
[3]简方梁,吴定俊,李奇.上海虹桥车站人行走廊人致振动分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(8):136-140.JIAN Fang-liang,WU Ding-jun,LI Qi.Human-induced vibration analysis of the footbridge in Shanghai Hongqiao railway station[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(8):136-140.
[4]Murray T M,Allen D E,Ungar E E.Floor vibrations due to human activity[S].Steel Design Guide 11.American Institute of Steel Construction,1997.
[5]The Concrete Society.Concrete Society Technical Report 43:Second Edition,Appendix G[S].2005.
[6]The Steel Construction Institute.SCI P354,design of floors for vibration:a new approach[S].2007.
[7]Matsumoto Y,Nishioka T,Shiojiri H,et al.Dynamic design of footbridges[C].IABSE Proceedings.1978:17-78.
[8]Blanchard J,Davies B L,Smith J W.Design criteria and analysis for dynamic loading of footbridges[C].Symposium on Dynamic Behaviour of Bridges at the Transport and Road Research Laboratory,Crowthorne,Berkshire,England,May19,1977:96-106.
[9]Bachmann H,Ammann W.Vibrations in structures:Induced by man and machines[M].Iabse,1987.
[10]Kerr S C.Human induced loading on staircases[D].University of London,1998.
[11]Young P.Improved floor vibration prediction methodologies[C].Arup Vibration Seminar,2001.
[12]Blanco C M,Bouillard P,BodarwéE,et al.Structural dynamic design of a footbridge under pedestrian loading[C].9th SAMTECH Users Conference.2005.
[13]毛松华,李瑶章,侯曼.中国男青年人体惯性参数的实测研究[J].北京体育大学学报,1999,3:56-58.MAO Song-hua,LI Yao-zhang,HOU Man.Study of inertia parameters of human body in chinese male youngsters[J].Journal of Beijing University of Physical Education,1999,3:56-58.
[14]夏长丽,石岫昆,孟祥辉,等.计算中国女性青年人体惯性参数的数学模型及其回归方程[J].解剖学杂志,1999,22(5):452-454.XIA Chang-li,SHI Xiu-kun,MENG Xiang-hui,et al.Study of mathematical model and trinal regression equation for calculating inertial parameters of chinese female young bodies[J].Chinese Journal of Anatomy,1999,22(5):452-454.
[15]王明鑫,俞光荣,王中琴,等.正常中国成年人足底压力分析[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2008,16(9):687-690.WANG Ming-xin,YU Guang-rong,WANG Zhong-qin,et al.Analysis of plantar pressure distribution of the normal Chinese adult[J].Orthopedic Journal of China,2008,16(9):687-690.
[16]彭怡欣.基于三维步态分析技术的步行荷载实验建模研究[D].上海:同济大学,2012.
[17]陈隽,叶艇,彭怡欣.拓展步行荷载对楼板振动响应影响的对比研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(18):55-59.CHEN Jun,YE Ting,PENG Yi-xin.A comparison study on methods for expanding a single foot-falling load curve based on floor responses[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(18):55-59.
[18]Zivanovic S,Pavic A,Reynolds P.Probability-based prediction of multi-mode vibration response to walking excitation[J].Engineering Structures,2007,29(6):942-954.