温度对氢气还原铁氧化物过程膨胀性能的影响
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摘要
为探究球团矿还原过程中产生恶性膨胀的问题,研究了温度对H_2还原Fe_2O_3样条过程中膨胀性能的影响,并采用PCY-G膨胀仪进行在线检测,通过对比不同温度条件下还原产物的外观形貌与显微结构,解释还原反应产生膨胀差异的原因。实验结果表明,H_2还原气氛下,随着还原温度的升高,800℃下样条膨胀最大,样条的最大膨胀量出现先增加后减小的趋势;还原反应达到最大膨胀量所用时间逐渐缩短。随着还原温度的升高,铁相连接更加紧密,样条内外产生更大应力差,致使900℃条件下的还原反应提前进入铁相收缩的状态。
To explore the malignant swelling during the reduction process of iron ore pellets, the influences of temperature on swelling behavior of ferric oxide specimens reduced by hydrogen were investigated, and the high-temperature PCY-G dilatometer was used to test that online. The appearance and microstructure of the products reduced at different temperatures are compared, explaining the difference in swelling caused by the reduction. The results show that in the atmosphere of hydrogen, with the temperature rising, specimens swell mostly when the reduction temperature is 800 ℃, the maximum swelling of the specimen increases first and then decreases, and the time taken for the reduction reaction to reach the maximum swelling is gradually shortened. As the reduction temperature increases, the iron phase links more closely, which results in larger stress difference inside and outside the specimen; therefore, the reaction enters the state of shrinkage of iron phase prematurely at 900 ℃.
To explore the malignant swelling during the reduction process of iron ore pellets, the influences of temperature on swelling behavior of ferric oxide specimens reduced by hydrogen were investigated, and the high-temperature PCY-G dilatometer was used to test that online. The appearance and microstructure of the products reduced at different temperatures are compared, explaining the difference in swelling caused by the reduction. The results show that in the atmosphere of hydrogen, with the temperature rising, specimens swell mostly when the reduction temperature is 800 ℃, the maximum swelling of the specimen increases first and then decreases, and the time taken for the reduction reaction to reach the maximum swelling is gradually shortened. As the reduction temperature increases, the iron phase links more closely, which results in larger stress difference inside and outside the specimen; therefore, the reaction enters the state of shrinkage of iron phase prematurely at 900 ℃.
引文
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[5] 李杰,韩闯闯,杨爱民,等.SiO2对镁质酸性球团性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(11):872.(Li J,Han C C,Yang A M,et al.Effect of SiO2 on quality of magnesian acid pellets[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2017,29(11):872.)
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[8] Abdel H A.El-geassy,Nasr M I,et al.Reduction kinetics and catastrophic swelling of MnO2-doped Fe2O3 compacts with CO at 1073–1373K[J].ISIJ International,2007,47(3):377.
[9] Sharma T,Gupta R C,Prakash B.Effect of reduction rate on the swelling behavior of iron ore pellets[J].ISIJ International,1992,32(7):812.
[10] Wang H T,Sohn H Y.Effect of CaO and SiO2 on swelling and iron whisker formation during reduction of iron oxide compact[J].Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2011,38(6):447.
[11] 王兆才,储满生,唐珏,等.还原气氛和脉石成分对氧化球团还原膨胀的影响[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2012,33(1):94.(Wang Z C,Chu M S,Tang Y,et al.Effects of reducing atmosphere and gangue composition on reduction swelling of oxidized pellets[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2012,33(1):94.)
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[13] R.M.斯梅勒.直接还原铁-生产和应用的技术与经济[M].浙江:浙江省冶金工业总公司,1985.(Ralph M S.Direct Reduced Iron-production and Application of Technology and Economy[M].Zhejiang:Metallurgical Industry Corporation Zhejiang,1985.)
[14] Nasr M I,Omar A A,Hessien M M,et al.Carbon monoxide reduction and accompanying swelling of iron oxide compacts[J].ISIJ International,1996,36(2):164.
[15] Jallouli M,Ajersch F.Analytical model for the swelling of sintered iron oxide pellets during hematite-magnetite transformation[J].Journal of Materials Science,1986,21(10):3528.
[16] Sharma T,Gupta R C,Prakash B.Swelling of iron ore pellets by statistical design of experiment[J].ISIJ International,1992,32(12):1268.
[17] 黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.(Huang X G.Principles of Iron and Steel Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013.)
[18] 辛秦,王新东.温度对氢气还原氧化铁影响及电化学性能研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2015,6(1):41.(Xin Q,Wang X D.Effect of temperature on the reduction of iron oxide by hydrogen and electrochemical performance of reduction product[J].Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering,2015,6(1):41.)
[19] 布林朝克.Fe2O3逐级还原顺序起源分析[J].金属矿山,2013(6):53.(Bu L C K.Analysis on the origin of the stepwise reduction sequence of Fe2O3[J].Metal Mine,2013(6):53.)
[20] Xu R S,Zhang J L,Zuo H B,et al.Mechanisms of swelling of iron ore oxidized pellets in high reduction potential atmosphere[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2014,22(1):1.
[21] 杨广庆.酸性球团还原过程中微观结构变化研究[J].烧结球团,2015,40(2):20.(Yang G Q.Research on microstructure change of acid pellets during reduction[J].Sintering and Pelletizing,2015,40(2):20.)
[22] 肖玮,鲁雄刚,邹星礼,等.富氢气基还原钛铁矿及其气相组分的耦合作用[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(12):3423.(Xiao W,Lu X G,Zou X L,et al.Hydrogen-rich gas reduction of ilmenite and coupling reaction of gaseous compositions[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(12):3423.)
[23] 鲁峰.CO和H2气体还原氧化铁的微观行为及新生铁晶形貌研究[C]//第十一届中国钢铁年会论文集——S01.北京:中国金属学会,2017:9.(Lu F.Study on the microscopic behavior and metallic iron morphology in the process of CO and H2 fluidized reductions for iron oxide particles [C]//The 11th Chinese Steel Annual Meeting Proceedings-S01.Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2017:9.)
[2] 罗立群,张泾生.我国炼铁原料市场的分析研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005(9):67.(Luo L Q,Zhang J S.Analysis of the ironmaking raw materials market in China[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005(9):67.)
[3] 易凌云.铁矿球团CO-H2混合气体气基直接还原基础研究[D]//长沙:中南大学,2013.(Yi L Y.Fundamental Research on Gas-Based Direct Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets with Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Mixtures[D]// Changsha:Central South University,2013.)
[4] 漆光瑯.钾、钠、氟、钙对球团还原膨胀的影响[J].钢铁,1987(1):48.(Qi G L.Effects of K,Na,F,Ca on the swelling of pellets during reduction[J].Iron and Steel,1987(1):48.)
[5] 李杰,韩闯闯,杨爱民,等.SiO2对镁质酸性球团性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(11):872.(Li J,Han C C,Yang A M,et al.Effect of SiO2 on quality of magnesian acid pellets[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2017,29(11):872.)
[6] 青格勒吉日格乐.低硅含镁含钛球团矿的成矿基础研究[D]//北京:北京科技大学,2017.(Qing G L J R G L.Fundamental Research on Agglomeration of Magnesium-Titanium Bearing Pellet with Low Silica[D]//Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2017.)
[7] 皮晓东,孙权,罗果萍,等.MgO对Fe2O3压团还原过程铁氧化物晶格结构的影响[J].烧结球团,2016,41(6):53.(Pi X D,Sun Q,Luo G P,et al.Effect of MgO on the lattice structure of iron oxide during Fe2O3 briquetting reduction process[J].Sintering and Pelletizing,2016,41(6):53.)
[8] Abdel H A.El-geassy,Nasr M I,et al.Reduction kinetics and catastrophic swelling of MnO2-doped Fe2O3 compacts with CO at 1073–1373K[J].ISIJ International,2007,47(3):377.
[9] Sharma T,Gupta R C,Prakash B.Effect of reduction rate on the swelling behavior of iron ore pellets[J].ISIJ International,1992,32(7):812.
[10] Wang H T,Sohn H Y.Effect of CaO and SiO2 on swelling and iron whisker formation during reduction of iron oxide compact[J].Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2011,38(6):447.
[11] 王兆才,储满生,唐珏,等.还原气氛和脉石成分对氧化球团还原膨胀的影响[J].东北大学学报:自然科学版,2012,33(1):94.(Wang Z C,Chu M S,Tang Y,et al.Effects of reducing atmosphere and gangue composition on reduction swelling of oxidized pellets[J].Journal of Northeastern University:Natural Science,2012,33(1):94.)
[12] Wang H T,Sohn H Y.Effects of firing and reduction conditions on swelling and iron whisker formation during the reduction of iron oxide compact[J].ISIJ International,2011,51(6):906.
[13] R.M.斯梅勒.直接还原铁-生产和应用的技术与经济[M].浙江:浙江省冶金工业总公司,1985.(Ralph M S.Direct Reduced Iron-production and Application of Technology and Economy[M].Zhejiang:Metallurgical Industry Corporation Zhejiang,1985.)
[14] Nasr M I,Omar A A,Hessien M M,et al.Carbon monoxide reduction and accompanying swelling of iron oxide compacts[J].ISIJ International,1996,36(2):164.
[15] Jallouli M,Ajersch F.Analytical model for the swelling of sintered iron oxide pellets during hematite-magnetite transformation[J].Journal of Materials Science,1986,21(10):3528.
[16] Sharma T,Gupta R C,Prakash B.Swelling of iron ore pellets by statistical design of experiment[J].ISIJ International,1992,32(12):1268.
[17] 黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.(Huang X G.Principles of Iron and Steel Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013.)
[18] 辛秦,王新东.温度对氢气还原氧化铁影响及电化学性能研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2015,6(1):41.(Xin Q,Wang X D.Effect of temperature on the reduction of iron oxide by hydrogen and electrochemical performance of reduction product[J].Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering,2015,6(1):41.)
[19] 布林朝克.Fe2O3逐级还原顺序起源分析[J].金属矿山,2013(6):53.(Bu L C K.Analysis on the origin of the stepwise reduction sequence of Fe2O3[J].Metal Mine,2013(6):53.)
[20] Xu R S,Zhang J L,Zuo H B,et al.Mechanisms of swelling of iron ore oxidized pellets in high reduction potential atmosphere[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2014,22(1):1.
[21] 杨广庆.酸性球团还原过程中微观结构变化研究[J].烧结球团,2015,40(2):20.(Yang G Q.Research on microstructure change of acid pellets during reduction[J].Sintering and Pelletizing,2015,40(2):20.)
[22] 肖玮,鲁雄刚,邹星礼,等.富氢气基还原钛铁矿及其气相组分的耦合作用[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(12):3423.(Xiao W,Lu X G,Zou X L,et al.Hydrogen-rich gas reduction of ilmenite and coupling reaction of gaseous compositions[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(12):3423.)
[23] 鲁峰.CO和H2气体还原氧化铁的微观行为及新生铁晶形貌研究[C]//第十一届中国钢铁年会论文集——S01.北京:中国金属学会,2017:9.(Lu F.Study on the microscopic behavior and metallic iron morphology in the process of CO and H2 fluidized reductions for iron oxide particles [C]//The 11th Chinese Steel Annual Meeting Proceedings-S01.Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2017:9.)