北极楚科奇海ARC5-C01岩心硅藻主要种类组成和分带
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摘要
对楚科奇海ARC5-C01孔中的48个样品中的硅藻进行鉴定,共发现27个属的47个硅藻种,优势种主要有Actinoptychus undulates(Bail.)Ralfs,Biddulphia aurita(Lyngbye)Brebisson et Godey,Coscinodiscus argus Ehrenberg,Coscinodiscus curvatulus Grunow,Coscinodiscus oculus Ehrenberg,Fragilariopsis oceanica(Cleve)Hasle,Fragilariopsis sp.,Paralia sulcata (Ehrenb.)Cleve,Thalassiosira antarctica Comber,Thalassiosira leptopus(Grun)Halse et G.Fryxell,Thalassiosirasp.等11种。运用聚类分析方法可将该孔分为3个硅藻带和2个硅藻亚带。分带结果显示硅藻带I1带时期气候相对较暖,以Actinoptychus undulates暖水种和Paralia sulcata沿岸种组合为代表;硅藻带I2时期Thalassiosira antarctica冷水种和Azpeitia nodulifera暖水种都相对增多,显示此时极地的冷水团和白令海沿岸暖流同时影响该区域;硅藻带Ⅱ时期以水体交换程度的指示种Fragilariopsis oceanica含量大幅减少为特征,显示该时期表层与底层水体交换减弱,水体分层明显;硅藻带Ⅲ以暖水种数量减少和极地种增加为特征,在~550cal.a BP时期Bacteriosira bathyomphala极地种出现高值,该现象可能与全球小冰期有关,由于该时期研究区被海冰覆盖,因此受白令海沿岸暖流影响降低。
Total 47 species and varieties of diatoms from 27 genera were found from 48 samples of the Core ARC5-C01 in the Chukchi Sea.The eleven dominant diatoms are Actinoptychus undulates(Bail.)Ralfs,Biddulphia aurita(Lyngbye)Brebisson et Godey,Coscinodiscus argus Ehrenberg,Coscinodiscus curvatulus Grunow,Coscinodiscus oculus Ehrenberg,Fragilariopsis oceanica(Cleve)Hasle,Fragilariopsis sp.,Paralia sulcata(Ehrenb.)Cleve,Thalassiosira antarctica Comber,Thalassiosira leptopus(Grun)Halse et G.Fryxell and Thalassiosirasp.Cluster analysis shows that the studied core can be subdivided into 3 zone and 2 subzone.The paleoclimate of diatom zone I1 is relatively warm represented by the dominant species of Actinoptychus undulates and Paralia sulcata;both Thalassiosira antarcticaand Azpeitia noduliferaincreased at the diatom zone I2 which demonstrated cold and warm water mass mixing;Fragilariopsis oceanicadecreased dramatically at the diatom zoneⅡ which showed that the surface and the underlying water exchange slowly;At the diatom zoneⅢ,the significant phenomena is that warm water species decreased and polar species increased and at 550 cal.a BP,Bacteriosira bathyomphala appeared with a high value which indicated the sediments formed under harsh conditions due to the global cooling(Little Ice Age)with more ice cover in the research area and relatively reduced influence of the warm Bering Sea waters.
Total 47 species and varieties of diatoms from 27 genera were found from 48 samples of the Core ARC5-C01 in the Chukchi Sea.The eleven dominant diatoms are Actinoptychus undulates(Bail.)Ralfs,Biddulphia aurita(Lyngbye)Brebisson et Godey,Coscinodiscus argus Ehrenberg,Coscinodiscus curvatulus Grunow,Coscinodiscus oculus Ehrenberg,Fragilariopsis oceanica(Cleve)Hasle,Fragilariopsis sp.,Paralia sulcata(Ehrenb.)Cleve,Thalassiosira antarctica Comber,Thalassiosira leptopus(Grun)Halse et G.Fryxell and Thalassiosirasp.Cluster analysis shows that the studied core can be subdivided into 3 zone and 2 subzone.The paleoclimate of diatom zone I1 is relatively warm represented by the dominant species of Actinoptychus undulates and Paralia sulcata;both Thalassiosira antarcticaand Azpeitia noduliferaincreased at the diatom zone I2 which demonstrated cold and warm water mass mixing;Fragilariopsis oceanicadecreased dramatically at the diatom zoneⅡ which showed that the surface and the underlying water exchange slowly;At the diatom zoneⅢ,the significant phenomena is that warm water species decreased and polar species increased and at 550 cal.a BP,Bacteriosira bathyomphala appeared with a high value which indicated the sediments formed under harsh conditions due to the global cooling(Little Ice Age)with more ice cover in the research area and relatively reduced influence of the warm Bering Sea waters.
引文
马德毅,2013.中国第五次北极科学考察报告.北京:海洋出版社.175-193
王斌,朱庆梅,庄燕培等,2015.北极楚科奇海沉积生物硅的分布及其硅质泵过程初探.矿物岩石地球化学通报,34(6):1131-1141+1080
王汝建,肖文申,向霏等,2007.北冰洋西部表层沉积物中生源组分及其古海洋学意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(6):64-72
白有成,陈建芳,李宏亮等,2010.楚科奇海R12a沉积柱状样500年以来生物标记物记录.沉积学报,28(4):768-775
冉莉华,陈建芳,金海燕等,2012.白令海和楚科奇海表层沉积硅藻分布特征.极地研究,24(1):15-23
司贺园,王汝建,丁旋等,2013.西北冰洋表层沉积物中的底栖有孔虫组合及其古环境意义.海洋学报(中文版),35(6):96-112
刘晶,沙龙滨,刘焱光等,2014.西格陵兰中晚全新世硅藻组合及其古环境演变.微体古生物学报,31(2):105-117
任健,2008.西格陵兰全新世古环境演变初步研究.上海:华东师范大学.1-56
陈敏,兰彬斌,沈林南等,2014.西菲律宾海盆表层沉积硅藻分布特征.微体古生物学报,31(4):321-334
陈志华,石学法,韩贻兵等,2004.北冰洋西部表层沉积物粘土矿物分布及环境指示意义.海洋科学进展,22(4):446-454
范彦斌,李超,吴翔恩,2012.台湾海峡西北部海坛岛东南沿岸上升流对表层沉积硅藻的影响.安徽农业科学,40(1):363-366
郭玉洁,2003.中国海藻志:中心纲.科学出版社.30-487
黄元辉,石学法,吕华华等,2012.白令海特征区域的表层沉积硅藻分布及其古海洋学意义.海洋学报(中文版),34(3):106-113
翟滨,李铁刚,常凤鸣等,2010.末次冰期低纬度西太平洋硅藻席沉积.科学通报,55(2):171-175
ASTAKHOV A S,BOSIN A A,KOLESNIK A Net al.,2015.Sediment geochemistry and diatom distribution in the Chukchi Sea:application for bioproductivity and paleoceanography.Oceanography,28(3):190-201
BAI Youcheng,CHEN Jianfang,LI Hongliang et al.,2010.Biomarker Records in Sediment Core of R12afrom the Chukchi Sea during the Last 500 Years.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,28(4):768-775
CHEN Min,LAN Binbin,SHEN Linnan et al.,2014.Characteristics of diatom distribution in the surface sediments of the western Philippine Basin.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,31(4):321-334
CHEN Zhihua,SHI Xuefa,HAN Yubing et al.,2004.Clay mineral distributions in surface sediments from the western Arctic Ocean and their implications for sediment environments.Advances in Marine Science,22(4):446-454
CRAWFORD R M,1979.Taxonomy and frustular structure of the marine centric diatom Paralia sulcata.J.Phycology,15(2):200-210
CUFFEY K M,1995.Large arctic temperature change at the Wisconsin-Holocene glacial transition.Science,270(5235):455-458
FAN Yanbin,LI Chao,WU Xiangen,2012.Effect of southeast coastal upwelling in Haitan island of northwestern Taiwan Strait on surface sedimentary diatom.Journal of Anhui Agri,40(1):363-366
GREBMEIER J M,COOPER L W,FEDER H Met al.,2006.Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic.Progress in Oceanography,71(2-4):331-361
GUO Yujie,2003.Chinese algae:Centricae.Science Press.30-487
GUSEV E A,ANIKINA N Y,DEREVYANKO L Get al.,2014.Environmental evolution of the southern Chukchi Sea in the Holocene.Oceanology,54(4):465-477
HASLE G R,SYVERTSEN E E,1997.Marine diatoms.In:Tomas,C.R.(ed.),Identifying Marine Phytoplankton.New York:Acade-mic Press.5-385
HENDEY N I,1964.An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters.Part V.Bacillariophyceae(Diatoms).London,Fishery Investigations,4:1-317
HUANG Yuanhui,SHI Xuefa,LU Huahua et al.,2012.The distribution of diatom species from surface sediments of characteristic regions in the Bering Sea and their paleoceanographical significance.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,34(3):106-113
JIANG H,SEIDENKRANTZ M S,KNUDSEN K Let al.,2001.Diatom surface sediment assemblages around Iceland and their relationships to oceanic environmental variables.Marine Micropaleontology,41(1-2):73-96
LIU Jing,SHA Rongbin,LIU Yanguang et al.,2014.Middle-late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes of the West Greenland inferred from a diatom record.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,31(2):105-117
MA Deyi,2013.The report of 2012Chinese Arctic research expedition.China Ocean Press.175-193
OBREZKOVA M S,KOLESNIK A N,SEMILETOV I P,2014.The diatom distribution in the surface sediments of the Eastern Arctic Seas of Russia.Russian Journal of Marine Biology,40(6):465-472
POKRASE M,MOLFINO B,1986.Oceanographic control of diatom abundances and species distributions in surface sediments of the tropical and southeast Atlantic.Marine Micropaleontology,10(1):165-188
RAN Lihua,CHEN Jianfang,JIN Haiyan et al.,2012.The distribution of surface sediment diatoms in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Seas.Chinese Journal of Polar Research,24(1):15-23
REIMER P J,BARD E,BAYLISS Aet al.,2013.IntCal13and Marine13Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0-50,000Years cal BP.Radiocarbon,55(4):1869-1887
REN Jian,2008.A Preliminary study on the Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes in West Greenland.Shanghai:East China Normal University.1-56
REN J,GERSONDE R,ESPER Oet al.,2014.Diatom distributions in northern North Pacific surface sediments and their relationship to modern environmental variables.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,402(4):81-103
ROUND F E,CRAWFORD R M,MANN D G,1990.The Diatoms:Biology and Morphology of the Genera.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1-747
SAIDOVA K M,2011.Deep-water foraminifera communities of the Arctic Ocean.Oceanology,51(1):60-68
SANCETTA C,1982.Distribution of diatom species in surface sediments of the Bering and Okhotsk seas.Micropaleontology,28(3):221-257
SERREZE M C,BARRY R G,2011.Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification:A research synthesis.Global Planet.Change,77(1):85-96
SHA L,JIANG H,SEIDENKRANTZ M Set al.,2014.A diatombased sea-ice reconstruction for the Vaigat Strait(Disko Bugt,West Greenland)over the last 5 000yr.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,403(2):66-79
SI Heyuan,WANG Yujian,DING Xuan et al.,2013.Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the western Arctic surface sediments and their paleoenrivonmental implications.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,35(6):96-112
TSOY I B,OBREZKOVA M S,AKSENTOV K I et al.,2017.Late Holocene Environmental Changes in the Southwestern Chukchi Sea Inferred from Diatom Analysis.Russian Journal of Marine Biology,43(4):276-285
WANG Bin,ZHU Qingmei,ZHUANG Yanpei et al.,2015.Biogenic Silica Distribution in Chukchi Sea and its Implications for Silicate Pump Process.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,34(6):1131-1141
WANG Rujian,XIAO Wenshen,XIANG Fei et al.,2007.Distribution pattern of biogenic components in surface sediments of the western arctic ocean and their paleoceanographic implications.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,27(6):64-72
ZHAI Bin,LI Tiegang,CHANG Fengmingetal.,2010.Vast laminated diatom mat deposits from the west low-latitude Pacific Ocean in the last glacial period.Science China Press,55(2):171-175
WEINGARTNER T,AAGAARD K,WOODGATE Ret al.,2005.Circulation on the north central Chukchi Sea shelf.Deep-Sea Research PartⅡ,52(24):3150-3174
王斌,朱庆梅,庄燕培等,2015.北极楚科奇海沉积生物硅的分布及其硅质泵过程初探.矿物岩石地球化学通报,34(6):1131-1141+1080
王汝建,肖文申,向霏等,2007.北冰洋西部表层沉积物中生源组分及其古海洋学意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,27(6):64-72
白有成,陈建芳,李宏亮等,2010.楚科奇海R12a沉积柱状样500年以来生物标记物记录.沉积学报,28(4):768-775
冉莉华,陈建芳,金海燕等,2012.白令海和楚科奇海表层沉积硅藻分布特征.极地研究,24(1):15-23
司贺园,王汝建,丁旋等,2013.西北冰洋表层沉积物中的底栖有孔虫组合及其古环境意义.海洋学报(中文版),35(6):96-112
刘晶,沙龙滨,刘焱光等,2014.西格陵兰中晚全新世硅藻组合及其古环境演变.微体古生物学报,31(2):105-117
任健,2008.西格陵兰全新世古环境演变初步研究.上海:华东师范大学.1-56
陈敏,兰彬斌,沈林南等,2014.西菲律宾海盆表层沉积硅藻分布特征.微体古生物学报,31(4):321-334
陈志华,石学法,韩贻兵等,2004.北冰洋西部表层沉积物粘土矿物分布及环境指示意义.海洋科学进展,22(4):446-454
范彦斌,李超,吴翔恩,2012.台湾海峡西北部海坛岛东南沿岸上升流对表层沉积硅藻的影响.安徽农业科学,40(1):363-366
郭玉洁,2003.中国海藻志:中心纲.科学出版社.30-487
黄元辉,石学法,吕华华等,2012.白令海特征区域的表层沉积硅藻分布及其古海洋学意义.海洋学报(中文版),34(3):106-113
翟滨,李铁刚,常凤鸣等,2010.末次冰期低纬度西太平洋硅藻席沉积.科学通报,55(2):171-175
ASTAKHOV A S,BOSIN A A,KOLESNIK A Net al.,2015.Sediment geochemistry and diatom distribution in the Chukchi Sea:application for bioproductivity and paleoceanography.Oceanography,28(3):190-201
BAI Youcheng,CHEN Jianfang,LI Hongliang et al.,2010.Biomarker Records in Sediment Core of R12afrom the Chukchi Sea during the Last 500 Years.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,28(4):768-775
CHEN Min,LAN Binbin,SHEN Linnan et al.,2014.Characteristics of diatom distribution in the surface sediments of the western Philippine Basin.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,31(4):321-334
CHEN Zhihua,SHI Xuefa,HAN Yubing et al.,2004.Clay mineral distributions in surface sediments from the western Arctic Ocean and their implications for sediment environments.Advances in Marine Science,22(4):446-454
CRAWFORD R M,1979.Taxonomy and frustular structure of the marine centric diatom Paralia sulcata.J.Phycology,15(2):200-210
CUFFEY K M,1995.Large arctic temperature change at the Wisconsin-Holocene glacial transition.Science,270(5235):455-458
FAN Yanbin,LI Chao,WU Xiangen,2012.Effect of southeast coastal upwelling in Haitan island of northwestern Taiwan Strait on surface sedimentary diatom.Journal of Anhui Agri,40(1):363-366
GREBMEIER J M,COOPER L W,FEDER H Met al.,2006.Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic.Progress in Oceanography,71(2-4):331-361
GUO Yujie,2003.Chinese algae:Centricae.Science Press.30-487
GUSEV E A,ANIKINA N Y,DEREVYANKO L Get al.,2014.Environmental evolution of the southern Chukchi Sea in the Holocene.Oceanology,54(4):465-477
HASLE G R,SYVERTSEN E E,1997.Marine diatoms.In:Tomas,C.R.(ed.),Identifying Marine Phytoplankton.New York:Acade-mic Press.5-385
HENDEY N I,1964.An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters.Part V.Bacillariophyceae(Diatoms).London,Fishery Investigations,4:1-317
HUANG Yuanhui,SHI Xuefa,LU Huahua et al.,2012.The distribution of diatom species from surface sediments of characteristic regions in the Bering Sea and their paleoceanographical significance.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,34(3):106-113
JIANG H,SEIDENKRANTZ M S,KNUDSEN K Let al.,2001.Diatom surface sediment assemblages around Iceland and their relationships to oceanic environmental variables.Marine Micropaleontology,41(1-2):73-96
LIU Jing,SHA Rongbin,LIU Yanguang et al.,2014.Middle-late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes of the West Greenland inferred from a diatom record.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,31(2):105-117
MA Deyi,2013.The report of 2012Chinese Arctic research expedition.China Ocean Press.175-193
OBREZKOVA M S,KOLESNIK A N,SEMILETOV I P,2014.The diatom distribution in the surface sediments of the Eastern Arctic Seas of Russia.Russian Journal of Marine Biology,40(6):465-472
POKRASE M,MOLFINO B,1986.Oceanographic control of diatom abundances and species distributions in surface sediments of the tropical and southeast Atlantic.Marine Micropaleontology,10(1):165-188
RAN Lihua,CHEN Jianfang,JIN Haiyan et al.,2012.The distribution of surface sediment diatoms in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Seas.Chinese Journal of Polar Research,24(1):15-23
REIMER P J,BARD E,BAYLISS Aet al.,2013.IntCal13and Marine13Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0-50,000Years cal BP.Radiocarbon,55(4):1869-1887
REN Jian,2008.A Preliminary study on the Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes in West Greenland.Shanghai:East China Normal University.1-56
REN J,GERSONDE R,ESPER Oet al.,2014.Diatom distributions in northern North Pacific surface sediments and their relationship to modern environmental variables.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,402(4):81-103
ROUND F E,CRAWFORD R M,MANN D G,1990.The Diatoms:Biology and Morphology of the Genera.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1-747
SAIDOVA K M,2011.Deep-water foraminifera communities of the Arctic Ocean.Oceanology,51(1):60-68
SANCETTA C,1982.Distribution of diatom species in surface sediments of the Bering and Okhotsk seas.Micropaleontology,28(3):221-257
SERREZE M C,BARRY R G,2011.Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification:A research synthesis.Global Planet.Change,77(1):85-96
SHA L,JIANG H,SEIDENKRANTZ M Set al.,2014.A diatombased sea-ice reconstruction for the Vaigat Strait(Disko Bugt,West Greenland)over the last 5 000yr.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,403(2):66-79
SI Heyuan,WANG Yujian,DING Xuan et al.,2013.Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the western Arctic surface sediments and their paleoenrivonmental implications.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,35(6):96-112
TSOY I B,OBREZKOVA M S,AKSENTOV K I et al.,2017.Late Holocene Environmental Changes in the Southwestern Chukchi Sea Inferred from Diatom Analysis.Russian Journal of Marine Biology,43(4):276-285
WANG Bin,ZHU Qingmei,ZHUANG Yanpei et al.,2015.Biogenic Silica Distribution in Chukchi Sea and its Implications for Silicate Pump Process.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,34(6):1131-1141
WANG Rujian,XIAO Wenshen,XIANG Fei et al.,2007.Distribution pattern of biogenic components in surface sediments of the western arctic ocean and their paleoceanographic implications.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,27(6):64-72
ZHAI Bin,LI Tiegang,CHANG Fengmingetal.,2010.Vast laminated diatom mat deposits from the west low-latitude Pacific Ocean in the last glacial period.Science China Press,55(2):171-175
WEINGARTNER T,AAGAARD K,WOODGATE Ret al.,2005.Circulation on the north central Chukchi Sea shelf.Deep-Sea Research PartⅡ,52(24):3150-3174