锰、铜、锌和铁离子对抑食金球藻生长的影响
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摘要
研究了不同质量浓度锰离子、铜离子、锌离子和铁离子对抑食金球藻细胞密度、相对生长率和叶绿素含量的影响,试验结果表明,当锰离子、铜离子和铁离子质量浓度分别为0～25μg/L、0～5μg/L和0～12 500μg/L时,抑食金球藻的细胞密度、相对生长率和叶绿素含量均随质量浓度的升高而增加,随着3种重金属离子质量浓度的继续升高,抑食金球藻生长受到不同程度的抑制。不同质量浓度锌离子对抑食金球藻生长均产生抑制作用。选取锰离子、铜离子和铁离子进行正交试验,分析其综合效应。试验结果显示,3种重金属离子对抑食金球藻细胞密度影响程度为铁>铜>锰。对抑食金球藻细胞密度影响最大的组合为62 500μg/L铁离子、1μg/L铜离子和5μg/L锰离子,但铜离子和锰离子所对应的细胞密度的■值间差异不显著(P>0.05)。分析抑食金球藻细胞密度、相对生长率和叶绿素含量与3种重金属离子吸收量的相关性得出,铁离子与上述参数均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.745、0.577和0.870;铜离子和锰离子吸收量与上述3个参数相关性均不显著(P>0.05)。因此,铁离子是影响抑食金球藻生长最大的因素。
In this study, the effects of Mn~(2+), Cu~(2+), Zn~(2+ )and Fe~(3+) concentrations on cell density, relative growth rate and chlorophyⅡcontent of alga Aureococcus anophagefferens were investigated at water temperature of(25±1) ℃. The cell density, relative growth rate and chlorophyⅡcontent were found to be increased at Mn~(2+ )concentration of 0—25 μg/L, Cu~(2+)concentration of 0—5 μg/L and Fe~(3+) concentration of 0—12 500 μg/L. The growth of the alga was inhibited with the increase in heavy metal ion concentrations, and the orthogonal test revealed that the order of the effect on cell density was expressed as Fe~(3+)>Cu~(2+)>Mn~(2+), with the most influential combination of heavy metal ions on cell density were 62 500 μg/L Fe~(3+), 1 μg/L Cu~(2+ )and 5 μg/L Mn~(2+), without significant difference in ■ value between Cu~(2+) and Mn~(2+)(P>0.05). The correlatationship between absorption of three heavy metal ions and cell density, relative growth rate and chlorophyll content indicated that Fe~(3+) was significantly positively correlated with the above parameters(P<0.01), with correlation coefficients of 0.745 with cell density, 0.577 with relative growth rate and 0.870 with chlorophyll content. There was no significant correlation between Cu~(2+), and Mn~(2+) and the three parameters(P>0.05), indicating that Fe~(3+) was the most important factor affecting the growth of the alga, and inhibition effect of Zn~(2+) concentrations on the growth of the alga was observed.
In this study, the effects of Mn~(2+), Cu~(2+), Zn~(2+ )and Fe~(3+) concentrations on cell density, relative growth rate and chlorophyⅡcontent of alga Aureococcus anophagefferens were investigated at water temperature of(25±1) ℃. The cell density, relative growth rate and chlorophyⅡcontent were found to be increased at Mn~(2+ )concentration of 0—25 μg/L, Cu~(2+)concentration of 0—5 μg/L and Fe~(3+) concentration of 0—12 500 μg/L. The growth of the alga was inhibited with the increase in heavy metal ion concentrations, and the orthogonal test revealed that the order of the effect on cell density was expressed as Fe~(3+)>Cu~(2+)>Mn~(2+), with the most influential combination of heavy metal ions on cell density were 62 500 μg/L Fe~(3+), 1 μg/L Cu~(2+ )and 5 μg/L Mn~(2+), without significant difference in ■ value between Cu~(2+) and Mn~(2+)(P>0.05). The correlatationship between absorption of three heavy metal ions and cell density, relative growth rate and chlorophyll content indicated that Fe~(3+) was significantly positively correlated with the above parameters(P<0.01), with correlation coefficients of 0.745 with cell density, 0.577 with relative growth rate and 0.870 with chlorophyll content. There was no significant correlation between Cu~(2+), and Mn~(2+) and the three parameters(P>0.05), indicating that Fe~(3+) was the most important factor affecting the growth of the alga, and inhibition effect of Zn~(2+) concentrations on the growth of the alga was observed.
引文
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[2] 雷蕾,姚鹏.抑食金球藻褐潮环境影响因素研究进展[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(4):635-640.
[3] 古彬.秦皇岛扇贝养殖区抑食金球藻褐潮分子生态学研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2014.
[4] 马方方,张万磊,张永丰,等.2013—2014年秦皇岛海域褐潮期间浮标主要水质参数变化[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(4):520-525.
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[6] Lomas M W,Gilbert P M,Berg G M,et al.Characterization of nitrogen uptake by natural populations of Aureococcus anophagefferens (Chrysophyceae) as a function of incubation duration,substrate concentration,light,and temperature[J].Journal of Phycology,1996,32(6):907-916.
[7] 覃仙玲,欧林坚,吕颂辉.尖刺拟菱形藻和抑食金球藻碱性磷酸酶生理学特性的比较研究[J].生态科学,2014,33(1):1-6.
[8] Glover H E.Iron in maine coastal waters:seasonal variation and its apparent correlation with a dinoflagellate bloom[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1978,23(3):534-537.
[9] 沈竑,洪君超,张开富,等.中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)赤潮发生过程中微量元素Fe、Mn作用的研究[J].暨南大学学报:自然科学版,1995,16(1):131-149.
[10] Gullard R R L,Hargraves P E.Stichochrysis immobilis is a diatom,not a chrysophyte [J].Phycologia,1993,32(3):234-236.
[11] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB 17378.7—2007,海洋监测规范第七部分:近海污染生态调查和生物监测处理[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[12] 国家海洋局.HY/T 147.1—2013,海洋监测技术规程第一部分:海水[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[13] 乔玲,甄毓,米铁柱.抑食金球藻(Aureococcus anophagefferens)褐潮研究概述[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(3):473-480.
[14] 孔赟,邹培,宋黎明,等.铁对藻类生长及藻毒素合成影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1533-1540.
[15] 翁俊,徐春和.光合作用氧释放机理研究进展[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2003,29(2):83-91.
[16] 曹春晖,孙世春,王学魁,等.锰浓度对米氏凯伦藻叶绿素荧光特性及生长的影响[J].生态学报,2010,39(19):5280-5288.
[17] 郭金耀,杨晓玲.锰对盐藻生长与物质积累的调控作用[J].水产科学,2008,27(3):148-150.
[18] Luna C M,González C A,Trippi V S.Oxidative damage caused by an excess of copper in oat leaves [J].Plant and Cell Physiology,1994,35(1):11-15.
[19] 张伟,阎海,吴之丽.铜抑制单细胞绿藻生长的毒性效应[J].中国环境科学,2001,21(1):4-7.
[20] 晋利,李晓亮.Cu2+对铜锈微囊藻生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(2):178-182.
[21] 张树林,邢克智,周艳.铜离子对铜绿微囊藻的急性毒性效应[J].水产科学,2007,26(6):323-326.
[22] 张铁明.微量元素—锌、铁、锰对淡水浮游藻类增殖的影响[D].北京:首都师范大学,2006.
[23] 苏秀榕,费志清,裴鲁青.Cu、Zn和Cd对5种单细胞藻的酶基因表达调控的研究[J].海洋科学,2002,26(2):50-54.
[24] 杨洪,黄志勇.锌胁迫对小球藻抗氧化酶和类金属硫蛋白的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(22):7117-7123.
[25] 胡晗华,石岩峻,丛威,等.微小原甲藻的生长及其对锌限制的响应[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(7):1140-1142.
[26] 左冬梅,韩志国,武宝玕.铁对尖刺拟菱形藻生长及光合作用的影响[J].暨南大学学报:自然科学版,2002,23(5):81-87.
[27] Doucette G J,Harrison P J.Aspects of iron and nitrogen nutrition in the red tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium sanguineum.I.Effects of iron depletion and nitrogen source on biochemical composition [J].Marine Biology,1991,110(2):165-173.
[28] 曹春晖,王学魁,刘文玲,等.氮、磷、EDTA铁、锰对旋链角毛藻生长的影响[J].盐业与化工,2009,38(4):30-33.
[29] 秦晓明,邹景忠.N、P、Fe-EDTA、Mn对赤潮生物锥状斯氏藻增殖影响的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1997,28(6):594-598.
[30] 李灏,缪景来,李光友.N、P、Fe、Mn对亚历山大藻LC3生长的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(4):1-14.
[31] 徐邦玉,张霞,倪志鑫,等.富营养化对两种海洋微藻吸收铜和镉的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(5):641-653.
[32] Wang W X,Dei R C H.Metal uptake in a coastal diatom influenced by major nutrients (N,P and Si) [J].Water Research,2001,35(1):315-321.
[33] Wang W X,Der R C H.Effects of major nutrient additions on metal uptake in phytoplankton [J].Environmental Pollution,2001,111(2):233-240.
[2] 雷蕾,姚鹏.抑食金球藻褐潮环境影响因素研究进展[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(4):635-640.
[3] 古彬.秦皇岛扇贝养殖区抑食金球藻褐潮分子生态学研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2014.
[4] 马方方,张万磊,张永丰,等.2013—2014年秦皇岛海域褐潮期间浮标主要水质参数变化[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(4):520-525.
[5] Gobler C J,Boneillo G E,Debenham C J,et al.Nutrient limitation,organic matter cycling,and plankton dynamics during an Aureococcus anophagefferens bloom[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2004,35(1):31-43.
[6] Lomas M W,Gilbert P M,Berg G M,et al.Characterization of nitrogen uptake by natural populations of Aureococcus anophagefferens (Chrysophyceae) as a function of incubation duration,substrate concentration,light,and temperature[J].Journal of Phycology,1996,32(6):907-916.
[7] 覃仙玲,欧林坚,吕颂辉.尖刺拟菱形藻和抑食金球藻碱性磷酸酶生理学特性的比较研究[J].生态科学,2014,33(1):1-6.
[8] Glover H E.Iron in maine coastal waters:seasonal variation and its apparent correlation with a dinoflagellate bloom[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1978,23(3):534-537.
[9] 沈竑,洪君超,张开富,等.中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)赤潮发生过程中微量元素Fe、Mn作用的研究[J].暨南大学学报:自然科学版,1995,16(1):131-149.
[10] Gullard R R L,Hargraves P E.Stichochrysis immobilis is a diatom,not a chrysophyte [J].Phycologia,1993,32(3):234-236.
[11] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB 17378.7—2007,海洋监测规范第七部分:近海污染生态调查和生物监测处理[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[12] 国家海洋局.HY/T 147.1—2013,海洋监测技术规程第一部分:海水[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[13] 乔玲,甄毓,米铁柱.抑食金球藻(Aureococcus anophagefferens)褐潮研究概述[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(3):473-480.
[14] 孔赟,邹培,宋黎明,等.铁对藻类生长及藻毒素合成影响研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1533-1540.
[15] 翁俊,徐春和.光合作用氧释放机理研究进展[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2003,29(2):83-91.
[16] 曹春晖,孙世春,王学魁,等.锰浓度对米氏凯伦藻叶绿素荧光特性及生长的影响[J].生态学报,2010,39(19):5280-5288.
[17] 郭金耀,杨晓玲.锰对盐藻生长与物质积累的调控作用[J].水产科学,2008,27(3):148-150.
[18] Luna C M,González C A,Trippi V S.Oxidative damage caused by an excess of copper in oat leaves [J].Plant and Cell Physiology,1994,35(1):11-15.
[19] 张伟,阎海,吴之丽.铜抑制单细胞绿藻生长的毒性效应[J].中国环境科学,2001,21(1):4-7.
[20] 晋利,李晓亮.Cu2+对铜锈微囊藻生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(2):178-182.
[21] 张树林,邢克智,周艳.铜离子对铜绿微囊藻的急性毒性效应[J].水产科学,2007,26(6):323-326.
[22] 张铁明.微量元素—锌、铁、锰对淡水浮游藻类增殖的影响[D].北京:首都师范大学,2006.
[23] 苏秀榕,费志清,裴鲁青.Cu、Zn和Cd对5种单细胞藻的酶基因表达调控的研究[J].海洋科学,2002,26(2):50-54.
[24] 杨洪,黄志勇.锌胁迫对小球藻抗氧化酶和类金属硫蛋白的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(22):7117-7123.
[25] 胡晗华,石岩峻,丛威,等.微小原甲藻的生长及其对锌限制的响应[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(7):1140-1142.
[26] 左冬梅,韩志国,武宝玕.铁对尖刺拟菱形藻生长及光合作用的影响[J].暨南大学学报:自然科学版,2002,23(5):81-87.
[27] Doucette G J,Harrison P J.Aspects of iron and nitrogen nutrition in the red tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium sanguineum.I.Effects of iron depletion and nitrogen source on biochemical composition [J].Marine Biology,1991,110(2):165-173.
[28] 曹春晖,王学魁,刘文玲,等.氮、磷、EDTA铁、锰对旋链角毛藻生长的影响[J].盐业与化工,2009,38(4):30-33.
[29] 秦晓明,邹景忠.N、P、Fe-EDTA、Mn对赤潮生物锥状斯氏藻增殖影响的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1997,28(6):594-598.
[30] 李灏,缪景来,李光友.N、P、Fe、Mn对亚历山大藻LC3生长的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(4):1-14.
[31] 徐邦玉,张霞,倪志鑫,等.富营养化对两种海洋微藻吸收铜和镉的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2015,34(5):641-653.
[32] Wang W X,Dei R C H.Metal uptake in a coastal diatom influenced by major nutrients (N,P and Si) [J].Water Research,2001,35(1):315-321.
[33] Wang W X,Der R C H.Effects of major nutrient additions on metal uptake in phytoplankton [J].Environmental Pollution,2001,111(2):233-240.