摘要
为了探究太行山东麓煤矿区气溶胶中重金属元素的污染特征及来源,于2017年春、夏、秋、冬四季分别在峰峰矿区采集PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)样品,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测试样品中的重金属元素,分析讨论PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中重金属元素的污染特征。结果表明,峰峰矿区春、夏、秋、冬四个季节PM_(2.5)的平均质量浓度分别为84、108、107和174μg/m~3,春、夏、秋季PM_(10)质量浓度分别为204、177和179μg/m~3,均超过我国环境质量二级标准,表明矿区大气污染较为严重;PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)的比值夏秋季明显高于春季,这可能与夏秋季强烈的光化学反应生成大量二次粒子有关;峰峰矿区PM_(2.5)中Zn元素含量最高,Pb次之,其他元素含量由高到低依次为Mn、Cr、Cu、As、Mo、V、Sn、Ni、Cd、Co。PM_(10)中Zn元素含量最高,Mn次之,其他元素含量由高到低依次为Pb、Cr、Cu、V、As、Mo、Ni、Sn、Cd、Co。峰峰矿区PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中Cd元素的富集系数超过100,严重富集,明显受到人为活动影响;Mo、Pb、Sn、Zn元素富集系数均超过了10,表明Mo、Pb、Sn、Zn等四种元素在峰峰矿区轻微富集,受到人为活动影响;Cu、As、Cr、Ni、V、Mn、Co元素的富集系数小于10,表明Cu、As、Cr、Ni、V、Mn、Co这七种元素主要来自于地壳。
In order to study the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in aerosol in the coal mine area of eastern foot of Taihang Mountain,PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) samples were collected in Fengfeng mining area of Handan,China in 2017. The heavy metal contents in the sample were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The mean mass concentration of PM_(2.5) in spring,summer,autumn and winter in Fengfeng mining area were 84、108、107 and174 μg/m~3 respectively. The PM_(10) mean mass concentration in spring,summer and autumn were 204,177 and 179 μg/m~3 respectively. PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) mass concentration exceeded Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standards(grade-Ⅱ),it indicated that air pollution in coal mining area was more serious. The ratio of PM_(2.5)/PM_(10) in summer and autumn was obviously higher than that in spring,which may be related to the strong photochemical reaction in summer and autumn. The metal contents of Zn in PM_(2.5) in Fengfeng mining area were the highest,and the contents of other elements from high to low are Pb,Mn,Cr,Cu,As,Mo,V,Sn,Ni,Cd,Co,etc. The content of Zn in PM_(10) was the highest,followed by Mn,the contents of other elements ranged from high to low in order of Pb,Cr,Cu,V,As,Mo,Ni,Sn,Cd,Co,and so on. The enrichment coefficient of Cd elements in PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) in Fengfeng mining area was more than 100,which is seriously enriched and influenced by human activities. The enrichment coefficient of Mo,Pb,Sn and Zn elements were more than 10,which indicated that Mo,Pb,Sn and Zn were slightly enriched in Fengfeng mining area and were affected by human activities. The enrichment factors of As,Cr,Ni,V,Mn and Co were less than 10,which indicated that the seven elements of Cu,As,Cr,Ni,V,Mn and Co mainly come from the crust.
引文
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