建筑热缓冲空间的设计理念和类型研究——以国际太阳能十项全能竞赛作品为例
|
摘要
对建筑热缓冲空间的设计理念和策略进行分析,将其功能归结为热缓冲空间的蓄热能力和对换热速率的调节两个因素;以历届太阳能十项全能竞赛的参赛作品为例,依据热缓冲空间的形式和在建筑中的位置,将其分为中庭式、包围式、外廊式和辅助空间式四个类型,并分别举例阐述其特点。分析结果表明,热缓冲空间是一种综合性的节能设计策略,它通过被动式节能措施的合理整合,建筑主次空间的合理组织,能有效的改善建筑的内部环境,其设计理念为绿色建筑设计提供了新思路。
The design ideas and strategies of thermal buffer spaces in buildings are analyzed, and their functions are attributed to the heat storage capacity and the heat exchange rate of the space. Using Solar Decathlon works from previous years as examples, the thermal buffer spaces were divided into four types: atrium style, surrounding style, external corridor style and auxiliary space style, according to their forms and positions in the buildings. Moreover, the four types were illustrated according to their respective characteristics. The analysis showed that the thermal buffer space is a comprehensive energy-saving design strategy and, through integration of passive energy saving measures and reasonable organization of building space, the thermal buffer spaces can effectively improve the internal environment of buildings. The design concept of thermal buffer space provides new thoughts for green building design.
The design ideas and strategies of thermal buffer spaces in buildings are analyzed, and their functions are attributed to the heat storage capacity and the heat exchange rate of the space. Using Solar Decathlon works from previous years as examples, the thermal buffer spaces were divided into four types: atrium style, surrounding style, external corridor style and auxiliary space style, according to their forms and positions in the buildings. Moreover, the four types were illustrated according to their respective characteristics. The analysis showed that the thermal buffer space is a comprehensive energy-saving design strategy and, through integration of passive energy saving measures and reasonable organization of building space, the thermal buffer spaces can effectively improve the internal environment of buildings. The design concept of thermal buffer space provides new thoughts for green building design.
引文
[1]宋晔皓,栗德祥.整体生态建筑观,生态系统结构框架和生物气候缓冲层[J].建筑学报,1999(3):4-9.
[2]孙超法.建筑气候缓冲空间的设计研究[J].湖南理工学院学报(自然科学版),2006,19(4):14-16.
[3]吴铮.现代建筑生态缓冲空间及其适宜技术的研究及应用[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2003.
[4]燕文姝.建筑入口气候缓冲区的设计方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2009.
[5]李钢,吴耀华,李保峰.从"表皮"到"腔体器官"--国外3个建筑实例生态策略的解读[J].建筑学报,2004(3):51-53.
[6]李钢,项秉仁.建筑腔体的类型学研究[J].建筑学报,2006(11):18-21.
[7]Rodriguez-Ubinas E,Ruiz-Valero L,Vega S,et al.Applications of Phase Change Material in highly energyefficient houses[J].Energy&Buildings,2012,50(7):49-62.
[8]Real A,García V,Domenech L,et al.Improvement of a heat pump based HVAC system with PCM thermal storage for cold accumulation and heat dissipation[J].Energy&Buildings,2014,83:108-116.
[9]Fiorentini M,Cooper P,Ma Z.Development and optimization of an innovative HVAC system with integrated PVT and PCM thermal storage for a net-zero energy retrofitted house[J].Energy&Buildings,2015,94(7):21-32.
[10]Lin W,Ma Z,Sohel M I,et al.Development and evaluation of a ceiling ventilation system enhanced by solar photovoltaic thermal collectors and phase change materials[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2014,88:218-230.
[11]石峰,胡赤,郑伟伟.基于环境因素动态调控的可变建筑表皮设计策略分析——以国际太阳能十项全能竞赛作品为例[J].新建筑,2017(2):54-59.
[12]Wang S,Shi F,Zhang B,et al.The Passive Design Strategies and Energy Performance of a Zero-energy Solar House:Sunny Inside in Solar Decathlon China 2013[J].Journal of Asian Architecture&Building Engineering,2016,15(3):543-548.
[13]García-Domingo B,Torres-Ramírez M,Casa J D L,et al.Design of the back-up system in Patio 2.12photovoltaic installation[J].Energy&Buildings,2014,83:130-139.
[14]Berardi U,Wang T.Daylighting in an atrium-type high performance house[J].Building&Environment,2014,76(6):92-104.
[15]未来阳光之家——2013中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛[J].动感:生态城市与绿色建筑,2013(1):32-46.
1)关于竞赛情况的介绍详见中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.sdchina.org.cn/。
2)竞赛官网上收录了历届比赛中各赛队参赛建筑的图纸和说明文本(Manual手册)等资料,可供新赛队参考学习。中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.sdchina.org.cn/;美国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.solardecathlon.gov/;欧洲国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.sdeurope.org/等。
[2]孙超法.建筑气候缓冲空间的设计研究[J].湖南理工学院学报(自然科学版),2006,19(4):14-16.
[3]吴铮.现代建筑生态缓冲空间及其适宜技术的研究及应用[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2003.
[4]燕文姝.建筑入口气候缓冲区的设计方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2009.
[5]李钢,吴耀华,李保峰.从"表皮"到"腔体器官"--国外3个建筑实例生态策略的解读[J].建筑学报,2004(3):51-53.
[6]李钢,项秉仁.建筑腔体的类型学研究[J].建筑学报,2006(11):18-21.
[7]Rodriguez-Ubinas E,Ruiz-Valero L,Vega S,et al.Applications of Phase Change Material in highly energyefficient houses[J].Energy&Buildings,2012,50(7):49-62.
[8]Real A,García V,Domenech L,et al.Improvement of a heat pump based HVAC system with PCM thermal storage for cold accumulation and heat dissipation[J].Energy&Buildings,2014,83:108-116.
[9]Fiorentini M,Cooper P,Ma Z.Development and optimization of an innovative HVAC system with integrated PVT and PCM thermal storage for a net-zero energy retrofitted house[J].Energy&Buildings,2015,94(7):21-32.
[10]Lin W,Ma Z,Sohel M I,et al.Development and evaluation of a ceiling ventilation system enhanced by solar photovoltaic thermal collectors and phase change materials[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2014,88:218-230.
[11]石峰,胡赤,郑伟伟.基于环境因素动态调控的可变建筑表皮设计策略分析——以国际太阳能十项全能竞赛作品为例[J].新建筑,2017(2):54-59.
[12]Wang S,Shi F,Zhang B,et al.The Passive Design Strategies and Energy Performance of a Zero-energy Solar House:Sunny Inside in Solar Decathlon China 2013[J].Journal of Asian Architecture&Building Engineering,2016,15(3):543-548.
[13]García-Domingo B,Torres-Ramírez M,Casa J D L,et al.Design of the back-up system in Patio 2.12photovoltaic installation[J].Energy&Buildings,2014,83:130-139.
[14]Berardi U,Wang T.Daylighting in an atrium-type high performance house[J].Building&Environment,2014,76(6):92-104.
[15]未来阳光之家——2013中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛[J].动感:生态城市与绿色建筑,2013(1):32-46.
1)关于竞赛情况的介绍详见中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.sdchina.org.cn/。
2)竞赛官网上收录了历届比赛中各赛队参赛建筑的图纸和说明文本(Manual手册)等资料,可供新赛队参考学习。中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.sdchina.org.cn/;美国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.solardecathlon.gov/;欧洲国际太阳能十项全能竞赛官方网站:http://www.sdeurope.org/等。