潮湿环境下混凝土涂层用环氧树脂/胺体系吸水性及其服役失效机制研究
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摘要
环氧树脂/胺涂料在混凝土保护涂层中被广泛使用。环氧涂层在潮湿环境下服役,其性能会随着时间推移显著下降,其失效机制报道甚少。选用双酚A型环氧树脂为基体树脂,分别与T31固化剂、810固化剂、593固化剂、651固化剂四种常用的室温固化剂进行固化制备涂层材料。详细研究了四种E51/胺固化物的吸水性、硬度、拉伸强度,以及四个体系涂层与混凝土的附着强度。结果表明:第一,在水中浸泡30d(室温),四种体系固化物的吸水性为0.464%～0.861%,吸水后材料的邵D硬度、拉伸强度和附着强度下降幅度分别为:2.2%～22%、0.66%～62.9%和9.47%～62%;第二,E51与具有长链结构的593固化剂体系的吸水性最大,性能下降最明显;E51与具有多苯环结构的810固化剂体系吸水性最小,相应地性能损失也最小;第三,环氧树脂/胺固化物吸水后性能下降明显,可认为材料吸水是其涂层潮湿环境服役失效的一个原因。
The epoxy/amine coatings are widely used in protecting concrete. The performance of the epoxy coatings will decrease significantly when they are used in wet environments over time. The failure mechanisms of the coatings are rarely reported. The bisphenol A epoxy resin is used as the matrix resin, and four kinds of common room temperature curing agents such as T31 curing agent, 810 curing agent, 593 curing agent and 651 curing agent are used to cure epoxy resin to make coating materials. The water absorption, hardness, tensile strength and the coating adhesion strength of the four kinds of epoxy/amine systems are studied in detail. The results are showed as follows, firstly, after immersing in water for 30 days at room temperature, the water absorption of the four kinds of cured materials are 0.464%～0.861%, and the decrease of the Shore D hardness, tensile strength and adhesion strength of these water-absorbed materials are 2.2% ～22%, 0.66% ～62.9% and 9.47% ～62% respectively. Secondly, the epoxy system cured with the 593 curing agent which has long chain structure shows the highest water absorption rate and the most obvious performance decline.And the epoxy system cured with the 810 curing agent which has benzene ring structure exhibits the lowest water absorption rate and the smallest per-formance loss. Thirdly, after water absorption, all cured epoxy resin/amine systems show a significant decrease in performance, thus the water absorp-tion of epoxy/amine materials can be considered as one of the reasons for the failure of the coating service in wet environment.
The epoxy/amine coatings are widely used in protecting concrete. The performance of the epoxy coatings will decrease significantly when they are used in wet environments over time. The failure mechanisms of the coatings are rarely reported. The bisphenol A epoxy resin is used as the matrix resin, and four kinds of common room temperature curing agents such as T31 curing agent, 810 curing agent, 593 curing agent and 651 curing agent are used to cure epoxy resin to make coating materials. The water absorption, hardness, tensile strength and the coating adhesion strength of the four kinds of epoxy/amine systems are studied in detail. The results are showed as follows, firstly, after immersing in water for 30 days at room temperature, the water absorption of the four kinds of cured materials are 0.464%～0.861%, and the decrease of the Shore D hardness, tensile strength and adhesion strength of these water-absorbed materials are 2.2% ～22%, 0.66% ～62.9% and 9.47% ～62% respectively. Secondly, the epoxy system cured with the 593 curing agent which has long chain structure shows the highest water absorption rate and the most obvious performance decline.And the epoxy system cured with the 810 curing agent which has benzene ring structure exhibits the lowest water absorption rate and the smallest per-formance loss. Thirdly, after water absorption, all cured epoxy resin/amine systems show a significant decrease in performance, thus the water absorp-tion of epoxy/amine materials can be considered as one of the reasons for the failure of the coating service in wet environment.
引文
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[2] LIU J, VIPULANANDAN C. Tensile bonding strength of epoxy coatings to concrete substrate[J]. Cement&Concrete Research,2005, 35(7):1412~1419.
[3]王晓宇,梁兵.常温固化水性环氧树脂道路修补涂料性能研究[J].热固性树脂,2018,33(4):40~45.
[4] WANG Feng, LIU Ya-li and XU Long-gui. Development of Crosslinker for Waterborne Epoxy Resin Coatings[J]. Paint&Coatings Industry, 2004(5)1~4.
[5] ALMUSALLAM A, KHAN F M, MASLEHUDDIN M. Performance of concrete coating under varying exposure conditions[J]. Materials&Structures, 2002, 35(8):487~494.
[6]方健君,覃远斌,马胜军,等.水下施工固化环氧涂料的研究[J].涂料工业,2014,44(8):1~6.
[7]薛伟,陆冲,程树军,等.含氟硅环氧树脂的固化及其性能[J].涂料工业,2008(1):21~23, 27.
[8]于海洋.近临界水中环氧树脂网络与水相互作用研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[9]张树永,孔燕,丁遗福,等.自由体积与亲水性对环氧涂层防护性能的影响[J].物理化学学报,2004(4):360~363.
[10]郭玲玲,郭乔,李贵阳,等.吸水率对工程塑料PA,PBT,PPE,PC力学性能影响研究[J].广州化工,2013,41(16):93~6.
[11]张海宽,王鹏,张鹏,等.环氧树脂对深海设备复杂结构防腐用填充材料的吸水行为影响研究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2015,29(12):34~38, 73.
[12]李晓蕾,李根,夏超,等.环氧改性聚氨酯防水灌封材料的合成及性能研究[J].热固性树脂,2017,32(6):51~53.
[13]宋加金,刘长维,陈红军,等.耐腐蚀环氧粉末涂料的改性研究[J].热固性树脂,2007(4):24~28.
[14] QUINO G, PELLEGRINO A, TAGARIELLI V L, et al. Measurements of the effects of pure and salt water absorption on the rate-dependent response of an epoxy matrix[J]. Composites Part B Engineering, 2018,146:213~221.