失智老人照护现状及问题研究——基于大连养老机构实证调查
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摘要
人口老龄化、高龄化的快速发展带来了失智老人的数量和照护需求的迅猛增加。目前核心家庭模式和角色的代际冲突已难以承担养老责任,而养老行业提供的养老服务与居民实际需求有所偏差,其发展水平难以满足人民日益增长的需求。因此,笔者从政府管理者的视角,以失智老人照护为研究焦点,以大连市为案例,通过对政府人员和养老机构等进行深入访谈,以发现我国现有政策存在的问题以及影响因素,为探索建立老年长期照护保障制度,加强对失智老人照护服务的评估和增强失智老人的保障提供参考。
The numbers of people with dementia and care demands have increased rapidly following development of the ageing of population.Nowadays,intergenerational conflict of nuclear family model and role have been difficult to bear the responsibility for the aged. However,the service provided by pension industry has some deviations from the actual needs of the residents,and its development is difficult to meet the growing demands of the people. From perspective of government manager,this paper focuses on the elderly with dementia,takes Dalian city for an example,and interviews deeply with government personnel and pension institutions to find the existence of our current policy problems and factors on the elderly dementia care status in Dalian city. To provide references that establish the elderly long-term care insurance system,strengthen the assessment of dementia care services and enhance the protection of the elderly with dementia.
The numbers of people with dementia and care demands have increased rapidly following development of the ageing of population.Nowadays,intergenerational conflict of nuclear family model and role have been difficult to bear the responsibility for the aged. However,the service provided by pension industry has some deviations from the actual needs of the residents,and its development is difficult to meet the growing demands of the people. From perspective of government manager,this paper focuses on the elderly with dementia,takes Dalian city for an example,and interviews deeply with government personnel and pension institutions to find the existence of our current policy problems and factors on the elderly dementia care status in Dalian city. To provide references that establish the elderly long-term care insurance system,strengthen the assessment of dementia care services and enhance the protection of the elderly with dementia.
引文
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[19]李小卫,王志稳,邓永萍,等.公立养老机构痴呆老人照顾费用及其影响因素研究[J].中国护理管理,2015,15(7):782-785.
[20]ZHANG H,XRH,HUJIKEN S,et al.Psychological Distress,Family Functioning,and Social Support in Family Caregivers for Patients with Dementia in the Mainland of China.中华医学杂志(英文版),2013,126(18):3417-3421.
[21]卢慧芳,王慧珍,高钰琳.国内外养老机构护理分级现状[J].护理研究,2006,20(32):2920-2921.
[2]杨小清.老年性痴呆症的流行病学特征及预防[J].职业与健康,2008,24(13):1317-1318.
[3]全国老龄工作委员会办公室.我国失智老人年增30万人[EB/OL].(2015-03-01).http://cncaprc.gov.cn/contents/2/3495.html.
[4]姚芳.北京市养老现状与需求调查[J].前线,2014,(2):88-90.
[5]方文俊.老龄化背景下上海市失智老人机构养老现状及困境研究[J].企业导报,2015,(24):180-181.
[6]白雨冉,高泽敏,马竞.老年痴呆症患者社会支持体系构建研究——以云南省昆明市为例[J].青年文学家,2014,(5):165-166.
[7]吴蓉,唐琳昭,刘洋,等.贵州省养老现状及对机构养老需求的调查研究[J].黔南民族医专学报,2014,27(4):276-279.
[8]张彦华.河南省人口老龄化问题及其对策[J].管理工程师,2015,20(3):23-25.
[9]姚莉.江苏省人口老龄化趋势与对策研究[J].经济视野,2014,(4):420-421.
[10]李那.辽宁省老年人口已经突破800万相当一个沈阳市[EB/OL].(2015-01-30).http://news.Lnd.com.cn/htm.
[11]黄菲,张会君,尹姣.辽宁省养老机构护理人员培训现状及需求[J].中国老年学杂志,2013,32(3):570-573.
[12]万美君.辽宁养老机构发展现状分析[J].合作经济与科技,2015,(21):178-180.
[13]雷鹏.我国长期照护制度建设现状与思考——基于青岛、南通和长春的实践探索[J].中国医疗保险,2016,(2):23-27.
[14]孟庆慧,陈玉芳,张梅.居家痴呆患者照料者的健康状况分析[J].中国全科医学,2007,10(1):47-49.
[15]徐勤.老年痴呆患者的照护问题研究[J].老龄科学研究,2015,3(6):40-47.
[16]孙楚凡,杜娟.老年痴呆症家庭照顾者的研究现状[J].中国老年学杂志,2012,32(10):2204-2206.
[17]民政部,中国老龄办.全国养老服务政策文件汇编(2008-2010年)[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2010.
[18]吴仕英,董碧蓉,丁光明,等,成都市养老机构对老年性痴呆的接收和照护现状[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(3):482-484.
[19]李小卫,王志稳,邓永萍,等.公立养老机构痴呆老人照顾费用及其影响因素研究[J].中国护理管理,2015,15(7):782-785.
[20]ZHANG H,XRH,HUJIKEN S,et al.Psychological Distress,Family Functioning,and Social Support in Family Caregivers for Patients with Dementia in the Mainland of China.中华医学杂志(英文版),2013,126(18):3417-3421.
[21]卢慧芳,王慧珍,高钰琳.国内外养老机构护理分级现状[J].护理研究,2006,20(32):2920-2921.