固溶温度对低镍奥氏体不锈钢组织与性能的影响
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摘要
利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、万能材料试验机、电化学工作站等设备研究了1 000～1 200℃固溶温度区间低镍奥氏体不锈钢的组织演变、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,当温度从1 000℃升至1 050℃时,奥氏体含量上升,铁素体含量降低;到1 050℃后,随温度升高奥氏体含量降低,铁素体含量升高,1 200℃时铁素体含量明显升高且晶粒度减小。另外,固溶温度对抗拉强度影响不明显,在1 050℃时抗拉强度为780MPa。固溶温度对伸长率影响明显,在1 200℃固溶时伸长率最高,达39.98%。极化曲线测试表明,在1 150℃固溶时不锈钢的腐蚀电流密度为6.637μA·cm~(-2),耐蚀性最好。
The microstructure evolution,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of low nickel austenitic stainless steel were investigated by means of optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),universal material testing machine and electrochemical workstation within the solution temperature range from 1 000℃to 1 200℃.The results reveal that the austenite content is increased and the ferrite content is decreased with the temperature rising from 1 000℃to 1 050℃.After 1 050℃,the austenite content is decreased and the ferrite content is increased with the increase of temperature.The ferrite content is increased obviously and the grain size is decreased at 1 200 ℃.The tensile results show that the solution temperature has a little effect on the tensile strength,which has the highest value of 780 MPa at 1 050 ℃,while has a great influence on the elongation,which has the highest value of 39.98%at 1 200℃.The polarization curve test shows that the alloy has the desirable corrosion resistance at 1 150℃,where the value of corrosion current density reaches 6.637μA·cm-2.
The microstructure evolution,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of low nickel austenitic stainless steel were investigated by means of optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),universal material testing machine and electrochemical workstation within the solution temperature range from 1 000℃to 1 200℃.The results reveal that the austenite content is increased and the ferrite content is decreased with the temperature rising from 1 000℃to 1 050℃.After 1 050℃,the austenite content is decreased and the ferrite content is increased with the increase of temperature.The ferrite content is increased obviously and the grain size is decreased at 1 200 ℃.The tensile results show that the solution temperature has a little effect on the tensile strength,which has the highest value of 780 MPa at 1 050 ℃,while has a great influence on the elongation,which has the highest value of 39.98%at 1 200℃.The polarization curve test shows that the alloy has the desirable corrosion resistance at 1 150℃,where the value of corrosion current density reaches 6.637μA·cm-2.
引文
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[2]LI M,YIN T,WANG Y,et al.Study of biocompatibility of medical grade high nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel in vitro[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2014,C43(1):641-648.
[3]BANSOD A V,PATIL A P,MOON A P,et al.Microstructural and electrochemical evaluation of fusion welded low-nickel and304ss at different heat input[J].Journal of Materials Engineering&Performance,2017,26(12):5 847-5 863.
[4]KISKO A,HAMADA A S,TALONEN J,et al.Effects of reversion and recrystallization on microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb-alloyed low-Ni high-Mn austenitic stainless steels[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2016,A657(7):359-370.
[5]MONDAL M,DAS H,AHN E Y,et al.Characterization of friction stir welded joint of low nickel austenitic stainless steel and modified ferritic stainless steel[J].Metals and Materials International,2017,23(5):948-957.
[6]SIMMONS J W.Mechanical properties of isothermally aged highnitrogen stainless steel[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,1995,A26(8):2 085-2 101.
[7]DU D,FU R,LI Y,et al.Modification of the Hall-Patch equation for friction-stir-processing microstructures of high nitrogen steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2015,A640(29):190-194.
[8]KARTIK B,VEERABABU R,SUNDARARAMAN M,et al.Effect of high temperature ageing on microstructure and mechanical properties of a nickel-free high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2015,A642(26):288-296.
[9]陈海涛,罗毅军.氮对316LN奥氏体不锈钢力学性能和耐蚀性的影响[J].特殊钢,2013,34(6):56-58.
[10]LPEZ D,FALLEIROS N A,TSCHIPTSCHIN A P.Effect of nitrogen on the corrosion-erosion synergism in an austenitic stainless steel[J].Tribology International,2011,44(5):610-616.
[11]OGAWA M,HIRAOKA K,KATADA Y,et al.Chromium nitride precipitation behavior in weld heat-affected zone of high nitrogen stainless steel[J].ISIJ Int.,2002,42(12):1 391-1 398.
[12]HNNINEN H,ROMU J,ILOLA R,et al.Effects of processing and manufacturing of high nitrogen-containing stainless steels on their mechanical,corrosion and wear properties[J].J.Mater.Process Technol.,2001,117(3):424-430.
[13]STEWART J,WILLIAMS D E.The initiation of pitting corrosion on austenitic stainless steel:On the role and importance of sulphide inclusions[J].Corros.Sci.,1992,33(3):457-474.
[14]陈孟,黄俊霞,叶晓宁.低镍铬锰氮奥氏体不锈钢组织与力学性能[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(3):76-81.
[15]SHIN J H,LEE J,MIN D J,et al.Solubility of nitrogen in high manganese steel(HMNS)melts:Interaction parameter between Mn and N[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2011,B42(6):1 081-1 085.
[16]童骏.超级双相不锈钢拉伸性能及热变形行为研究[D].河北秦皇岛:燕山大学,2006.
[17]钟群鹏,赵子华.断口学[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2006.
[18]李静媛,章为夷,魏成富,等.钢中的夹杂物与钢的性能及断裂[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2012.
[19]HSIEH M C,GE Y,KAHN H,et al.Volatility diagrams for the Cr-O and Cr-Cl systems:Application to removal of Cr2O3-rich passive films on stainless steel[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2012,B43(5):1 187-1 201.
[20]LO I,TSAI W T.Effect of selective dissolution on fatigue crack initation in 2205duplex stainless steel[J].Corrosion Sci.,2007,49(4):1 847-1 861.
[21]王凤平,康万利,敬和民.腐蚀电化学原理、方法及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[22]MUTHUPANDI V,SRINIVASAN P B,SESHADRI S K,et al.Effect of nitrogen addition on formation of secondary austenite in duplex stainless steel weld metals and resultant properties[J].Sci.Technol.Weld Joining,2004,9(1):47-52.
[23]吴玖.双相不锈钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000.