硝酸浸出液中的铝高效脱除
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摘要
以红土镍矿硝酸浸出液为对象,系统研究了硝酸浸出液中沉淀除铝环节,并提出一种高效沉淀除铝的新方法。详细考察了温度、p H值和时间对沉淀除铝的影响,得到最佳工艺条件为温度40℃、p H值4.0~4.2、时间30 min。和常规沉淀法对比,最佳工艺条件下得到的铝渣镍、钴夹带率均小于1%,比常规沉淀法低3%以上;得到的沉淀矿浆固液分离容易,在负压0.04 MPa时,抽滤速度为0.22 m~3/(h·m~2),是常规沉淀法的12~13倍,成功解决了湿法冶金中铝沉淀后难过滤及有价金属夹带多的难题,具有广阔的应用前景。
The removal of aluminum from nitric acid leaching liquor of laterite nickel ore was investigated. The aluminum removal process in the nitric acid leaching solution was systematically studied,and a high-efficiency precipitation method of aluminum removal was proposed The effect of temperature,p H value and time on the removal of aluminum from precipitation were examined in detail.The optimum processing conditions were temperature 40 ℃,pH 4. 0—4. 2 and time 30 min. Compared with the conventional precipitation method,the entrainment rate of nickel and cobalt are both less than1% in aluminum slag obtained under the optimum process conditions,which is 3% lower than the conventional precipitation method. The obtained precipitate slurry is easy to be separated by solid and liquid,and when the negative pressure is-0. 04 MPa,the suction filtration rate is 0. 22 m~3/( h·m~2),which is 12 to 13 times that of the conventional precipitation method. This high-efficiency precipitation method solves the difficult problem of difficult filtration and entrapment of valuable metals after precipitation of aluminum in hydrometallurgy,and has broad application prospects.
The removal of aluminum from nitric acid leaching liquor of laterite nickel ore was investigated. The aluminum removal process in the nitric acid leaching solution was systematically studied,and a high-efficiency precipitation method of aluminum removal was proposed The effect of temperature,p H value and time on the removal of aluminum from precipitation were examined in detail.The optimum processing conditions were temperature 40 ℃,pH 4. 0—4. 2 and time 30 min. Compared with the conventional precipitation method,the entrainment rate of nickel and cobalt are both less than1% in aluminum slag obtained under the optimum process conditions,which is 3% lower than the conventional precipitation method. The obtained precipitate slurry is easy to be separated by solid and liquid,and when the negative pressure is-0. 04 MPa,the suction filtration rate is 0. 22 m~3/( h·m~2),which is 12 to 13 times that of the conventional precipitation method. This high-efficiency precipitation method solves the difficult problem of difficult filtration and entrapment of valuable metals after precipitation of aluminum in hydrometallurgy,and has broad application prospects.
引文
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[12]MA B Z,WANG C Y,YANG W J,et al.Selective pressure leaching of Fe(II)-rich limonitic laterite ores from Indonesia using nitric acid[J].Minerals engineering,2013,45:151-158.
[13]LOUIS G,MURRELL L,SALUTSKY,et al.Precipitation from Homogeneous Solution[M].New York:wiley,1959:3-18.
[14]李江,潘裕柏,宁金威,等.均相沉淀法制备纳米Al2O3先驱体[J].中国陶瓷,2002,38(6):13-16.
[15]施剑林,高建华,阮美玲.均相沉淀法制备球形氢氧化铝颗粒及其热分解行为[J].无机材料学报,1992,7(2):161-166.
[16]黄志良,张联盟,刘羽,等.有机模板诱导/均相沉淀法对羟基磷灰石(HAP)晶体形貌的控制生长[J].人工晶体学报,2006,35(2):261-264.
[17]马保中,杨玮娇,杨卜,等.红土镍矿硝酸浸出液中铝的净化与分离[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2015(5):15-18.
[18]英宏,李继光,赵志江,等.沉淀法制备单分散纳米Al(OH)3先驱沉淀物[J].东北大学学报,1999,20(5):515-518.
[2]XU Y T,YAN L,YANG R D.A new method for recovering valuable metals form low-grade nickeliferous oxide ores[J].Hydrometallurgy,2005,80:280-285.
[3]尹飞,阮书锋,江培海,等.低品位红土镍矿还原焙砂氨浸试验研究[J].矿冶,2007,16(3):29-32.
[4]王成彦,尹飞,陈永强,等.国内处红土镍矿处理技术及进展[J].中国有色金属学报,2008,18(1):1-8.
[5]MA B Z,YANG W J,PEI Y L,et al.Effect of activation pretreatment of limonitic laterite ores using sodium fluoride and sulfuric acid on water leaching of nickel and cobalt[J].Hydrometallurgy,2017,169:411-417.
[6]陈庆根.氧化镍矿资源开发与利用现状[J].湿法冶金,2008,27(1):7-9.
[7]GLEESON S A,BUTT C R M,ELIAS M.Nickel laterites:a review[J].SEG newsletter,2003,54:11-18.
[8]陈家镛,杨守志,柯家骏,等.湿法冶金的研究与发展[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998:56-81.
[9]MA B Z,YANG W J,YANG B,et al.Pilot-scale plant study on the innovative nitric acid pressure leaching technology for laterite ores[J].Hydrometallurgy,2015,155:88-94.
[10]张永禄,王成彦,徐志峰.低品位碱预处理红土镍矿加压浸出过程[J].过程工程学报,2010,10(2):263-269.
[11]杨永强.高镁红土镍矿非常规介质温和提取基础研究[D].北京:北京矿冶研究总院,2008:89.
[12]MA B Z,WANG C Y,YANG W J,et al.Selective pressure leaching of Fe(II)-rich limonitic laterite ores from Indonesia using nitric acid[J].Minerals engineering,2013,45:151-158.
[13]LOUIS G,MURRELL L,SALUTSKY,et al.Precipitation from Homogeneous Solution[M].New York:wiley,1959:3-18.
[14]李江,潘裕柏,宁金威,等.均相沉淀法制备纳米Al2O3先驱体[J].中国陶瓷,2002,38(6):13-16.
[15]施剑林,高建华,阮美玲.均相沉淀法制备球形氢氧化铝颗粒及其热分解行为[J].无机材料学报,1992,7(2):161-166.
[16]黄志良,张联盟,刘羽,等.有机模板诱导/均相沉淀法对羟基磷灰石(HAP)晶体形貌的控制生长[J].人工晶体学报,2006,35(2):261-264.
[17]马保中,杨玮娇,杨卜,等.红土镍矿硝酸浸出液中铝的净化与分离[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2015(5):15-18.
[18]英宏,李继光,赵志江,等.沉淀法制备单分散纳米Al(OH)3先驱沉淀物[J].东北大学学报,1999,20(5):515-518.