虚拟同步发电机输出阻抗建模与弱电网适应性研究
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摘要
研究了弱电网条件下虚拟同步发电机-电网互联系统的交互稳定性。在考虑主电路参数、控制参数等因素影响的基础上,提出一种dq旋转坐标系下虚拟同步发电机的输出阻抗模型,并推导其解析表达式。分析了该输出阻抗的频率特性,得出虚拟同步机在弱电网下运行易失稳的结论。基于广义奈奎斯特判据研究电网强度及功率环控制参数对虚拟同步机运行稳定性的影响,以此为依据提出一种基于增大有功环参数的虚拟同步机致稳控制方法,从而提高其弱电网运行的适应性。基于RTDS的硬件在环仿真平台进行仿真计算,验证了理论分析的正确性。
The interaction stability of the virtual synchronous generator integrated power network in weak grid conditions is studied. Based on the influence of main circuit parameters and control parameters,the output impedance model of virtual synchronous generator in dq rotating coordinate system is established and its analytical expression is derived. The frequency characteristic of the output impedance is analyzed,obtaining the conclusion that the virtual synchronous generator is easy to be unstable in a weak grid. Based on the generalized Nyquist criterion,the influences of grid strengths and power loop control parameters on the stability of virtual synchronous generator are studied,based on which a method of stabilization control for virtual synchronous generators based on increasing active loop parameters is proposed to improve the adaptability of virtual synchronous generators in a weak grid. Simulation in the RTDS-based hardware-inloop simulation platform verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
The interaction stability of the virtual synchronous generator integrated power network in weak grid conditions is studied. Based on the influence of main circuit parameters and control parameters,the output impedance model of virtual synchronous generator in dq rotating coordinate system is established and its analytical expression is derived. The frequency characteristic of the output impedance is analyzed,obtaining the conclusion that the virtual synchronous generator is easy to be unstable in a weak grid. Based on the generalized Nyquist criterion,the influences of grid strengths and power loop control parameters on the stability of virtual synchronous generator are studied,based on which a method of stabilization control for virtual synchronous generators based on increasing active loop parameters is proposed to improve the adaptability of virtual synchronous generators in a weak grid. Simulation in the RTDS-based hardware-inloop simulation platform verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
引文
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[2]任敬国,李可军,牛林,等.基于附加信号的VSC-HVDC系统改进有功功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(7):46-51.REN Jingguo,LI Kejun,NIU Lin,et al.Advanced active power control strategy based on additional signal for VSC-HVDCtransmission system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(7):46-51.
[3]李超,王洪涛,韦仲康,等.含大型风电场的弱同步电网协调控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(4):96-103.LI Chao,WANG Hongtao,WEI Zhongkang,et al.Coordinated control of weakly-synchronized grid containing large wind farms[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(4):96-103.
[4]ALIPOOR J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Distributed generation grid integration using virtual synchronous generator with adoptive virtual inertia[C]∥Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition(ECCE).Denver,CO,USA:IEEE,2013:4546-4552.
[5]雷一,赵争鸣,鲁思兆.LCL滤波的光伏并网逆变器有源阻尼与无源阻尼混合控制[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(11):23-27,45.LEI Yi,ZHAO Zhengming,LU Sizhao.Hybrid control of active and passive damping for grid-connected PV inverter with LCLfilter[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(11):23-27,45.
[6]CHEN Y,HESSE R,TURSCHNER D,et al.Improving the grid power quality using virtual synchronous machines[C]∥2011 International Conference on Power Engineering,Energy and Electrical Drives.Malaga,Spain:IEEE,2011:1-6.
[7]ZHONG Q C,WEISS G.Synchronverters:inverters that mimic synchronous generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(4):1259-1267.
[8]孟建辉,王毅,石新春,等.基于虚拟同步发电机的分布式逆变电源控制策略及参数分析[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(12):1-10.MENG Jianhui,WANG Yi,SHI Xinchun,et al.Control strategy and parameter analysis of distributed inverters based on VSG[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(12):1-10.
[9]GUERRERO J M,DE VICUNA L G,MATAS J,et al.Output impedance design of parallel-connected UPS inverters with wireless load-sharing control[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2005,52(4):1126-1135.
[10]关雅娟,邬伟扬,郭小强.微电网中三相逆变器孤岛运行控制技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(33):52-60.GUAN Yajuan,WU Weiyang,GUO Xiaoqiang.Control strategy for three-phase inverters dominated microgrid in autonomous operation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(33):52-60.
[11]刘芳,张兴,石荣亮,等.大功率微网逆变器输出阻抗解耦控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(15):117-125.LIU Fang,ZHANG Xing,SHI Rongliang,et al.An output impedance decoupled control strategy for high power microgrid inverter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(15):117-125.
[12]D’ARCO S,SUUL J A,FOSSO O B.Small-signal modelling and parametric sensitivity of a Virtual Synchronous Machine[C]∥Power Systems Computation Conference.Wroclaw,Poland:IEEE,2014:1-9.
[13]吴恒,阮新波,杨东升,等.虚拟同步发电机功率环的建模与参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6508-6518.WU Heng,RUAN Xinbo,YANG Dongsheng,et al.Modeling of the power loop and parameter design of virtual synchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6508-6518.
[14]ALIPOOR J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Power system stabilization using virtual synchronous generator with alternating moment of inertia[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(2):451-458.
[15]LIU F,LIU J,ZHANG H,et al.Stability issues of type cascade system in Hybrid Energy Storage System(HESS)[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(11):5846-5859.
[16]FENG X,LIU J,LEE F C.Impedance specifications for stable DC distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(2):157-162.
[17]HITI S,VLATKOVIC V,BOROJEVI CˊˊD,et al.A new control algorithm for three-phase PWM buck rectifier with input displacement factor compensation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1994,9(2):173-180.
[18]WEN B,BOROYEVICH D,BURGOS R,et al.Analysis of DQsmall-signal impedance of grid-tied inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(1):675-687.
[19]ETXEGARAI A,EGUIA P,TORRES E,et al.Impact of wind power in isolated power systems[C]∥2012 16th IEEE Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference.Yasmine Hammamet,Tunisia:IEEE,2012:63-66.
[20]刘桂花,曹小娇,王卫.弱电网下单相光伏并网逆变器锁频环同步方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):5022-5029.LIU Guihua,CAO Xiaojiao,WANG Wei.A frequency locked loop grid synchronization method of single-phase grid-connected PV inverter under weak grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):5022-5029.
[21]BURGOS R,BOROYEVICH D,WANG F,et al.On the ACstability of high power factor three-phase rectifiers[C]∥2010IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.Atlanta,GA,USA:IEEE,2010:2047-2054.