弱电网情况下双馈风电机组改进虚拟感抗控制方法
|
摘要
当前弱电网条件下双馈风电机组的运行稳定性问题受到广泛关注。在同步旋转坐标系下建立了综合考虑锁相环、转子侧电流环和功率环控制器影响的双馈风电机组等效输入导纳模型。在此基础上,结合广义奈奎斯特稳定判据分析了增大转子侧电感对系统稳定性的提升作用,由此提出在控制器中引入虚拟感抗提高系统稳定性的方法。相对于传统的直接在转子侧电流环中引入虚拟感抗,在设计基于虚拟感抗的控制器时,充分考虑锁相环耦合弱电网扰动对双馈风电机组运行稳定性带来的不利影响,提出了改进的控制方法。通过广义奈奎斯特判据证明了该方法能有效提高弱电网条件下双馈风电机组的运行稳定性。在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了1.5 MW的双馈风电机组详细模型,通过仿真验证了所提改进控制器对提高系统稳定性的有效性。
The operation stability of doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)under weak grid condition has been a focus of research recently.The equivalent input admittance model of DFIG based wind turbine is built in synchronous reference frame.System dynamics,phase-locked loop(PLL)and rotor side controllers including power controller and current controller are considered in this model.The influence of rotor inductance on the system stability is investigated based on the generalized Nyquist criterion(GNC),which proves that the incensement of rotor inductance has a positive impact on the system stability.PLL is a critical component in the system,which may propagate the grid voltage perturbations to the control system and have an adverse impact on the stability of DFIG based wind turbine system.Compared with the conventional virtual inductance based control strategy,the improved control strategy takes the influence of PLL dynamics into consideration.GNC proves that the proposed method can effectively improve the operation stability of DFIG based wind turbine under the weak grid condition.An1.5 MW DFIG based wind turbine detailed model is built in MATLAB/Simulink and simulation results verify the validity of theoretical analysis.
The operation stability of doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)under weak grid condition has been a focus of research recently.The equivalent input admittance model of DFIG based wind turbine is built in synchronous reference frame.System dynamics,phase-locked loop(PLL)and rotor side controllers including power controller and current controller are considered in this model.The influence of rotor inductance on the system stability is investigated based on the generalized Nyquist criterion(GNC),which proves that the incensement of rotor inductance has a positive impact on the system stability.PLL is a critical component in the system,which may propagate the grid voltage perturbations to the control system and have an adverse impact on the stability of DFIG based wind turbine system.Compared with the conventional virtual inductance based control strategy,the improved control strategy takes the influence of PLL dynamics into consideration.GNC proves that the proposed method can effectively improve the operation stability of DFIG based wind turbine under the weak grid condition.An1.5 MW DFIG based wind turbine detailed model is built in MATLAB/Simulink and simulation results verify the validity of theoretical analysis.
引文
[1]贺益康,胡家兵.双馈异步风力发电机并网运行中的几个热点问题[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):1-15.HE Yikang,HU Jiabing.Several hot-spot issues associated with the grid-connected operations of wind-turbine driven doubly fed induction generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(27):1-15.
[2]SONG Y P,FREDE B.Overview of DFIG-based wind power system resonances under weak networks[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4370-4396.
[3]徐海亮.双馈型风电机组低电压穿越技术要点及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):8-15.XU Hailiang.A review on low voltage ride-through technologies and prospect for DFIG wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(20):8-15.
[4]HU Jiabin,HENG Nian,XU Hailiang,et al.Dynamic modeling and improved control of DFIG under distorted grid voltage conditions[J].IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion,2011,26(1):163-175.
[5]吴恒,阮新波,杨东升.弱电网条件下锁相环对LCL型并网逆变器稳定性的影响研究及锁相环参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(30):5259-5267.WU Heng,RUAN Xinbo,YANG Dongsheng.Research on the stability caused by phase-locked loop for LCL-type grid connected inverter in weak grid condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(30):5259-5267.
[6]许津铭,谢少军,唐婷.弱电网下LCL滤波并网逆变器自适应电流控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(24):4031-4039.XU Jinming,XIE Shaojun,TANG Ting.An adaptive current control for grid-connected LCL-filtered inverters in weak grid case[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(24):4031-4039.
[7]WANG S,HU J B,YUAN X M.Virtual synchronous control for grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbines[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(4):932-944.
[8]WANG S,HU J B,YUAN X M,et al.On inertial dynamics of virtual-synchronous-controlled DFIG-based wind turbines[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(4):1691-1701.
[9]XI X Z,GENG H,YANG G.Enhanced model of the doubly fed induction generator-based wind farm for small-signal stability studies of weak power system[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2014,8(7):765-774.
[10]张学广,马彦,王天一,等.弱电网下双馈发电机输入导纳建模及稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1507-1515.ZHANG Xueguang,MA Yan,WANG Tianyi,et al.Input admittance modeling and stability analysis of DFIG under weak grid condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1507-1515.
[11]WEN B,BOROVEVICH D,BURGOS R,et al.Analysis of D-Q small-signal impedance of grid-tied inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,31(1):675-687.
[12]王亮,谢小荣,姜齐荣,等.大规模双馈风电场次同步谐振的分析与抑制[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(22):26-31.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20131010016.WANG Liang,XIE Xiaorong,JIANG Qirong,et al.Analysis and mitigation of SSR problems in large-scale wind farms with doubly-fed wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(22):26-31.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20131010016.
[13]SUN J.Impedance-based stability criterion for grid connected inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(11):3075-3078.
[14]MIAO Z X.Impedance-model-based SSR analysis for type 3wind generator and series-compensated network[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):984-991.
[15]杨东升,阮新波,吴恒.提高LCL型并网逆变器对弱电网适应能力的虚拟阻抗方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(15):2327-2335.YANG Dongsheng,RUAN Xinbo,WU Heng.A virtual impedance method to improve the performance of LCL-type grid-connected inverters under weak grid conditions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(15):2327-2335.
[16]SONG Y P,WANG X F,FREDE B.Doubly fed induction generator system resonance active damping through stator virtual impedance[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(1):125-137.
[17]杨淑英,陈银,周天保,等.低电压穿越过程中双馈风电机组虚拟电感暂态自灭磁控制[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(4):12-18.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140702009.YANG Shuying,CHEN Yin,ZHOU Tianbao,et al.Virtual inductance based self-demagnetization control for doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines during low voltage ridethrough process[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(4):12-18.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140702009.
[18]谢震,张兴,宋海华,等.电网电压骤升故障下双馈风力发电机变阻尼控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(3):39-46.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,SONG Haihua,et al.Variable damping based control strategy of doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbines under grid voltage swell[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(3):39-46.
[19]谢震,张兴,杨淑英,等.基于虚拟阻抗的双馈风力发电机高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):16-23.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al.High voltage ride-through control strategy of doubly-fed induction wind generators based on virtual impedance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(27):16-23.
[20]谢震,张兴,杨淑英,等.电网电压不对称骤升下双馈风力发电机改进控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(15):109-118.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al.An improved control strategy for doubly-fed induction wind generators under unbalanced grid voltage swell[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(15):109-118.
[2]SONG Y P,FREDE B.Overview of DFIG-based wind power system resonances under weak networks[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4370-4396.
[3]徐海亮.双馈型风电机组低电压穿越技术要点及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):8-15.XU Hailiang.A review on low voltage ride-through technologies and prospect for DFIG wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(20):8-15.
[4]HU Jiabin,HENG Nian,XU Hailiang,et al.Dynamic modeling and improved control of DFIG under distorted grid voltage conditions[J].IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion,2011,26(1):163-175.
[5]吴恒,阮新波,杨东升.弱电网条件下锁相环对LCL型并网逆变器稳定性的影响研究及锁相环参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(30):5259-5267.WU Heng,RUAN Xinbo,YANG Dongsheng.Research on the stability caused by phase-locked loop for LCL-type grid connected inverter in weak grid condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(30):5259-5267.
[6]许津铭,谢少军,唐婷.弱电网下LCL滤波并网逆变器自适应电流控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(24):4031-4039.XU Jinming,XIE Shaojun,TANG Ting.An adaptive current control for grid-connected LCL-filtered inverters in weak grid case[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(24):4031-4039.
[7]WANG S,HU J B,YUAN X M.Virtual synchronous control for grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbines[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(4):932-944.
[8]WANG S,HU J B,YUAN X M,et al.On inertial dynamics of virtual-synchronous-controlled DFIG-based wind turbines[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(4):1691-1701.
[9]XI X Z,GENG H,YANG G.Enhanced model of the doubly fed induction generator-based wind farm for small-signal stability studies of weak power system[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2014,8(7):765-774.
[10]张学广,马彦,王天一,等.弱电网下双馈发电机输入导纳建模及稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1507-1515.ZHANG Xueguang,MA Yan,WANG Tianyi,et al.Input admittance modeling and stability analysis of DFIG under weak grid condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1507-1515.
[11]WEN B,BOROVEVICH D,BURGOS R,et al.Analysis of D-Q small-signal impedance of grid-tied inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,31(1):675-687.
[12]王亮,谢小荣,姜齐荣,等.大规模双馈风电场次同步谐振的分析与抑制[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(22):26-31.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20131010016.WANG Liang,XIE Xiaorong,JIANG Qirong,et al.Analysis and mitigation of SSR problems in large-scale wind farms with doubly-fed wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(22):26-31.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20131010016.
[13]SUN J.Impedance-based stability criterion for grid connected inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(11):3075-3078.
[14]MIAO Z X.Impedance-model-based SSR analysis for type 3wind generator and series-compensated network[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2012,27(4):984-991.
[15]杨东升,阮新波,吴恒.提高LCL型并网逆变器对弱电网适应能力的虚拟阻抗方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(15):2327-2335.YANG Dongsheng,RUAN Xinbo,WU Heng.A virtual impedance method to improve the performance of LCL-type grid-connected inverters under weak grid conditions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(15):2327-2335.
[16]SONG Y P,WANG X F,FREDE B.Doubly fed induction generator system resonance active damping through stator virtual impedance[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(1):125-137.
[17]杨淑英,陈银,周天保,等.低电压穿越过程中双馈风电机组虚拟电感暂态自灭磁控制[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(4):12-18.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140702009.YANG Shuying,CHEN Yin,ZHOU Tianbao,et al.Virtual inductance based self-demagnetization control for doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines during low voltage ridethrough process[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(4):12-18.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140702009.
[18]谢震,张兴,宋海华,等.电网电压骤升故障下双馈风力发电机变阻尼控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(3):39-46.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,SONG Haihua,et al.Variable damping based control strategy of doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbines under grid voltage swell[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(3):39-46.
[19]谢震,张兴,杨淑英,等.基于虚拟阻抗的双馈风力发电机高电压穿越控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(27):16-23.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al.High voltage ride-through control strategy of doubly-fed induction wind generators based on virtual impedance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(27):16-23.
[20]谢震,张兴,杨淑英,等.电网电压不对称骤升下双馈风力发电机改进控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(15):109-118.XIE Zhen,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al.An improved control strategy for doubly-fed induction wind generators under unbalanced grid voltage swell[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(15):109-118.