5个小麦品种柱头发育形态和杂交结实率模拟研究
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摘要
以5个黄淮麦区主导小麦品种为试验材料,去雄后第1、3、5、7、9天观察柱头发育形态,并统计品种作为母本时的平均杂交结实率,分析品种柱头形态发育和母本的平均杂交结实率之间的关联性.结果表明:周麦18和百农207柱头去雄后1～9 d内形态发育稳健,在去雄后第9天退化不显著;周麦18平均杂交结实率最高为72.13%,百农207平均杂交结实率为61.53%,与周麦18差异不显著;西农979、良星99和偃师4110柱头去雄后第9天形态发育退化明显,这3个品种的平均杂交结实率则极显著低于周麦18.
The stigma patterns of five dominant wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat area were observed at 1,3,5,7 and 9 days after anthers removal,and the average seed setting rate was counted,the correlation between stigma patterns and average seed setting rate of five dominant wheat varieties was analyzed.The results showed that the stigma patterns of Zhoumai 18 and Bainong 207 were stable within 1～9 days after anthers removal,and the degeneration of stigma patterns was not significant on the 9 th day after anthers removal;the average seed setting rate of Zhoumai18 and Bainong 207 was 72.13% and 61.53%,respectively,which was not significantly different between them;The stigma patterns of Xinong 979,Liangxing 99 and Yanshi 4110 were degraded significantly on the 9 th days after their anthers removal,the average seed setting rate of the three varieties was significantly lower than that of Zhoumai 18.
The stigma patterns of five dominant wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat area were observed at 1,3,5,7 and 9 days after anthers removal,and the average seed setting rate was counted,the correlation between stigma patterns and average seed setting rate of five dominant wheat varieties was analyzed.The results showed that the stigma patterns of Zhoumai 18 and Bainong 207 were stable within 1～9 days after anthers removal,and the degeneration of stigma patterns was not significant on the 9 th day after anthers removal;the average seed setting rate of Zhoumai18 and Bainong 207 was 72.13% and 61.53%,respectively,which was not significantly different between them;The stigma patterns of Xinong 979,Liangxing 99 and Yanshi 4110 were degraded significantly on the 9 th days after their anthers removal,the average seed setting rate of the three varieties was significantly lower than that of Zhoumai 18.
引文
[1]茹振钢,冯素伟,李淦.黄淮麦区小麦品种的高产潜力与实现途径[J].中国农业科学.2015,48(17):3388-3393.
[2]杨春玲,关立,侯军红,等.黄淮麦区小麦产量构成因素效用研究[J].山东农业科学,2007(4):19-23.
[3]盖钧镒.作物育种学各论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[4]李存东,曹卫星,张月晨,等.不同播期下小麦冬春性品种小花结实特性及其与植株生长性状的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2000,20(1):59-62.
[5]王兆龙,曹卫星,戴廷波.小麦穗粒数形成的基因型差异及增粒途径分析[J].作物学报,2001,27(2):236-242.
[6]郭杰.小麦育成品种穗顶部、基部结实性及其他产量相关性状的遗传解析[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.
[7]郑春风,任伟,朱慧杰,等.不同年代小麦品种小花发育模式及结实特性的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(4):669-674.
[8]徐仲阳.杂种小麦高效制种技术体系研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[9]李白玲,尤瑞麟.小麦柱头分枝、花柱的结构和发育与花粉管生长的关系[J].植物学报,1991,33(9):712-717.
[10]奚亚军,马翎健,胡银岗.九二〇对小麦不育系柱头生活力的影响研究[J].新疆农业科学,2001,3(3):138-139.
[11]李建中,张新令.小麦柱头寿命与授粉效果[J].农业科学实验,1980(6):6.
[12]李正德.小麦柱头年龄与结实率及性状遗传的关系[J].作物学报,1964(2):217-219.
[13]杨赞林.太谷核不育小麦开花习性和柱头生活力的研究[J].安徽农业科学,1984(1):1-14.
[14]崔金梅,郭天财.小麦的穗[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:27-28.
[15]孙苗苗,王志强,高翔,等.河南主推小麦品种对低温胁迫的生理响应及耐寒性分析[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(3):316-324.
[16]杨赞林,甘斌杰,张少华,等.“矮败”小麦利用的研究Ⅰ:开花习性和柱头生活力[J].安徽农业科学,1992(4):302-304.
[17]高艳,唐健卫,殷贵鸿,等.倒春寒发生时期和次数对冬小麦产量性状的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(5):687-692.
[18]任德超,胡新,黄绍华,等.气象因子对黄淮麦区小麦穗发育的影响[J].现代农业科技,2008(13):198-199,201.
[19]刘璇,王瑞丽,周伟,等.春季低温对冬小麦穗部发育和粒重的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2013,47(4):373-380.
[20]容珊.小麦人工杂交的授粉适期[J].农业科技通讯,1981(4):1.
[21]王忠,顾蕴洁.不育系柱头和恢复系花粉生活力的观察[J].杂交水稻,1990(3):39-41.
[22]德英,穆怀彬,解继红.老芒麦花粉活力和柱头可授性及授粉方式研究[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(18):4469-4472.
[23]陈贵菊,陈明丽,王福玉,等.药隔期低温对小麦生长发育的影响[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(2):25-28.
[24]刘立伟.药隔、减数分裂、开花期低温对小麦产量的影响与补救研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2016.
[25]淑娟,宋国琦,高洁,等.小麦春季抗寒性研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(6):157-162.
[26]赵虹,王西成,胡卫国,等.黄淮南片麦区小麦倒春寒冻害成因及预防措施[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(8):34-38.
[2]杨春玲,关立,侯军红,等.黄淮麦区小麦产量构成因素效用研究[J].山东农业科学,2007(4):19-23.
[3]盖钧镒.作物育种学各论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[4]李存东,曹卫星,张月晨,等.不同播期下小麦冬春性品种小花结实特性及其与植株生长性状的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2000,20(1):59-62.
[5]王兆龙,曹卫星,戴廷波.小麦穗粒数形成的基因型差异及增粒途径分析[J].作物学报,2001,27(2):236-242.
[6]郭杰.小麦育成品种穗顶部、基部结实性及其他产量相关性状的遗传解析[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.
[7]郑春风,任伟,朱慧杰,等.不同年代小麦品种小花发育模式及结实特性的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(4):669-674.
[8]徐仲阳.杂种小麦高效制种技术体系研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[9]李白玲,尤瑞麟.小麦柱头分枝、花柱的结构和发育与花粉管生长的关系[J].植物学报,1991,33(9):712-717.
[10]奚亚军,马翎健,胡银岗.九二〇对小麦不育系柱头生活力的影响研究[J].新疆农业科学,2001,3(3):138-139.
[11]李建中,张新令.小麦柱头寿命与授粉效果[J].农业科学实验,1980(6):6.
[12]李正德.小麦柱头年龄与结实率及性状遗传的关系[J].作物学报,1964(2):217-219.
[13]杨赞林.太谷核不育小麦开花习性和柱头生活力的研究[J].安徽农业科学,1984(1):1-14.
[14]崔金梅,郭天财.小麦的穗[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:27-28.
[15]孙苗苗,王志强,高翔,等.河南主推小麦品种对低温胁迫的生理响应及耐寒性分析[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(3):316-324.
[16]杨赞林,甘斌杰,张少华,等.“矮败”小麦利用的研究Ⅰ:开花习性和柱头生活力[J].安徽农业科学,1992(4):302-304.
[17]高艳,唐健卫,殷贵鸿,等.倒春寒发生时期和次数对冬小麦产量性状的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(5):687-692.
[18]任德超,胡新,黄绍华,等.气象因子对黄淮麦区小麦穗发育的影响[J].现代农业科技,2008(13):198-199,201.
[19]刘璇,王瑞丽,周伟,等.春季低温对冬小麦穗部发育和粒重的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2013,47(4):373-380.
[20]容珊.小麦人工杂交的授粉适期[J].农业科技通讯,1981(4):1.
[21]王忠,顾蕴洁.不育系柱头和恢复系花粉生活力的观察[J].杂交水稻,1990(3):39-41.
[22]德英,穆怀彬,解继红.老芒麦花粉活力和柱头可授性及授粉方式研究[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(18):4469-4472.
[23]陈贵菊,陈明丽,王福玉,等.药隔期低温对小麦生长发育的影响[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(2):25-28.
[24]刘立伟.药隔、减数分裂、开花期低温对小麦产量的影响与补救研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2016.
[25]淑娟,宋国琦,高洁,等.小麦春季抗寒性研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(6):157-162.
[26]赵虹,王西成,胡卫国,等.黄淮南片麦区小麦倒春寒冻害成因及预防措施[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(8):34-38.