长期服役T91钢的微观组织定量分析及演化规律
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摘要
针对超临界锅炉广泛使用的T91钢,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射等材料学分析手段,对长期服役条件下T91钢的微观组织进行定量化分析,研究服役前后微观组织演化规律。结果表明:长期服役后,T91钢析出第二相的总量增加。M23C6和MX相占析出相总量的百分比降低,Laves相占析出相总量的百分比增加。M23C6和Laves相的尺寸增加。Laves相尺寸在运行50 000 h后呈加速增长趋势。
For the T91 steel widely used in supercritical boilers,quantitative analysis of the microstructure of T91 steel after long-term service was carried out by means of metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and so on. And microstructure evolution of T91 steels before and after service was studied. The results show that after long-term service,the total amount of precipitated second phase increases. The percentage of M_(23)C_6 and MX phase in the total amount of precipitates decreases,and the percentage of Laves phase in the total amount of precipitates increases. The size of the M_(23)C_6 and Laves phases increases.The growth of the size of the Laves phase accelerates after 50 000 h operation.
For the T91 steel widely used in supercritical boilers,quantitative analysis of the microstructure of T91 steel after long-term service was carried out by means of metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and so on. And microstructure evolution of T91 steels before and after service was studied. The results show that after long-term service,the total amount of precipitated second phase increases. The percentage of M_(23)C_6 and MX phase in the total amount of precipitates decreases,and the percentage of Laves phase in the total amount of precipitates increases. The size of the M_(23)C_6 and Laves phases increases.The growth of the size of the Laves phase accelerates after 50 000 h operation.
引文
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[11]张俊善.材料的高温变形与断裂[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:232.
[2]Strang A,Foldyna V,Lenert J,et al. Prediction of the long-term creep rupture properties of 9-12%Cr power plant steels[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Charles Parsons Turbine Conference. Dublin,Ireland:2003:427-441.
[3]Kostka A,Tak K G,Eggeler G. On the effect of equal-channel angular pressing on creep of tempered martensite ferritic steels[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2008,481-482(5):723-726.
[4]Clara G P,Anna Z L,Tomasz K. Evolution of dislocation density,size of subgrains and MX-type precipitates in a P91 steel during creep and during thermal ageing at 600℃for more than 100 000 h[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2010,527(16/17):4062-4069.
[5]Titov I V I,Tarasenko L V,Utkina A N. Effect of alloying elements on the composition of carbide phases and mechanical properties of the matrix of high-carbon chromium-vanadium steel[J]. Physics of Metals and Metallography,2017,118:81-86.
[6] Hald J,Korcakova L. Precipitate stability in creep resistant ferritic steels-experimental investigations and modeling[J]. ISIJ International,2003,43(3):420-427.
[7]Thomas V,Saroja S,Vijayalakshmi M. Microstructural stability of modified 9Cr-Mo steel during long term exposures at elevated temperatures[J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials,378(3):273-281.
[8]Ennis P J,Czyrska F,Ennis P J. Recent advances in creep-resistant steels for power plant applications[J]. Sadhana,2003,28(3/4):709-730.
[9]Maruyama K,Sawada K,Koike J. Strengthening mechanisms of creep resistant tempered martensitic steel[J]. ISIJ International,2001,41(6):641-653.
[10]王学,于淑敏,任遥遥,等. P92钢时效的Laves相演化行为[J].金属学报,2014,50(10):1195-1202.Wang Xue,Yu Shumin,Ren Yaoyao,et al. Laves phase evolution in P92 steel during ageing[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2014,50(10):1195-1202.
[11]张俊善.材料的高温变形与断裂[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:232.