内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗乌拉盖高毕湖泊沉积记录的5万年来环境演变
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摘要
中国北方季风边缘区的湖泊对环境的反应很敏感,乌拉盖高毕是位于内蒙古高原东北部的一个已干涸的内陆封闭湖泊.研究剖面总厚度为405 cm,根据取得的9个AMS14C及光释光测年数据,建立了51.9 ka BP以来的年代序列.结合岩性的变化、粒度组分分析、粒度参数(标准偏差、偏度、峰度等)及Rb/Sr比值特征进行了详细的分析,恢复了乌拉盖高毕湖泊沉积记录的5万年来的环境演化过程.将0～405 cm的剖面划分为4个较大的气候阶段:51.9-44.1 ka BP(405～343 cm),气候为干冷期,各环境指标显示为滨湖沉积,湖泊水位较低;44.1-28.5 ka BP(343～130 cm),气候为温湿期,湖泊逐渐扩张,湖泊水位升高;28.5-11.38 ka BP(130～35 cm),气候转冷,湖面萎缩,并在盛冰期出现砂楔,该阶段后期湖泊干涸;11.38 ka BP至今(35～0 cm),气温回升.
Lakes located in the monsoon marginal zone in North China are sensitive to climate change.Lake Wulagaigaobi is an enclosed lake in Inner Mongolia of China,which is in the semiarid and sub-humid ecotone on the northeast margin of the Inner Mongolia Plateau.In this paper,a sediment profile of 405 cm deep was chose.The measured data of the sediment in AMS14C and OSL age revealed that the sediment profile was deposited since 51.9 ka BP.Combined with chronological data and the analyses of sedimentary characteristics,including grain-size distribution,grain-size frequency,grain-size parameters,and trace elements,the evolutionary process and features of the lake environment were reconstructed during the past 50000 years.Results showed that there were four climate periods: 51.9-44.1 ka BP(405-343 cm),cold and dry period,a lower lake-level;44.1-28.5 ka BP(343-130 cm),warm and wet period,the lake-level fluctuated;28.5-11.38 ka BP(130-35 cm),cold and dry period;11.38 ka BP-today(35-0 cm),warm and wet period.
Lakes located in the monsoon marginal zone in North China are sensitive to climate change.Lake Wulagaigaobi is an enclosed lake in Inner Mongolia of China,which is in the semiarid and sub-humid ecotone on the northeast margin of the Inner Mongolia Plateau.In this paper,a sediment profile of 405 cm deep was chose.The measured data of the sediment in AMS14C and OSL age revealed that the sediment profile was deposited since 51.9 ka BP.Combined with chronological data and the analyses of sedimentary characteristics,including grain-size distribution,grain-size frequency,grain-size parameters,and trace elements,the evolutionary process and features of the lake environment were reconstructed during the past 50000 years.Results showed that there were four climate periods: 51.9-44.1 ka BP(405-343 cm),cold and dry period,a lower lake-level;44.1-28.5 ka BP(343-130 cm),warm and wet period,the lake-level fluctuated;28.5-11.38 ka BP(130-35 cm),cold and dry period;11.38 ka BP-today(35-0 cm),warm and wet period.
引文
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[7]金章东,王苏民,沈吉等.全新世岱海流域化学风化及其对气候事件的响应.地球化学,2004,33(1):29-36.
[8]李朝生,梁存柱,王炜等.内蒙古乌拉盖地区景观破碎化与土地利用对策的研究.干旱区资源与环境,1999,13(1):65-72.
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[16]黄思静.用Excel计算沉积物粒度分布参数.成都理工学院学报,1999,26(2):196-198.
[17]朱筱敏.沉积岩石学.北京:石油出版社,2008.
[18]刘英俊,王鹤年,曹励明等.元素地球化学.北京:科学出版社,1984.
[19]金章东,王苏民,沈吉等.小冰期弱化学风化的湖泊沉积记录.中国科学:D辑,2001,31(3):221-225.
[20]谭红兵,于升松.我国湖泊沉积环境演变研究中元素地球化学的应用现状及发展方向.盐湖研究,1999,7(3):58-65.
[21]陈敬安,万国江.洱海沉积物化学元素与古气候演化.地球化学,1999,25(5):562-570.
[22]陈骏,仇纲,鹿化煜等.最近130ka黄土高原夏季风变迁的Rb和Sr地球化学证据.科学通报,1996,41(21):1963-1966.
[23]Goldich SS,Gast PW.Effect of weathering on the Rb-Sr and K-Ar ages of biotite from the Morton Gneiss,Minnesota.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1966,(1):372-375.
[24]陈骏,安芷生,汪永进等.最近800ka洛川黄土剖面中Rb/Sr分布和古季风变迁.中国科学:D辑,1998,28(6):498-504.
[25]Chen J,An Z,Head J.Variation of Rb/Sr ratios in the loess-paleosol sequences of central China during the last130000 years and their implications for monsoon paleoclimatology.Quaternary Research,1999,51(3):215-219.
[26]金章东,张恩楼.湖泊沉积物Rb/Sr比值的古气候含义.科学技术与工程,2002,2(3):20-22.
[27]夏训诚,赵元杰,王富葆等.罗布泊湖心区近地表层微量元素分布及其环境意义.干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(10):137-141.
[28]Jones B,David AC Manning.Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones.Chemical Geology,1994,111:111-129.
[29]Eusterhues K,Hartmut H,Jürgen S.Geochemical response on redox fluctuations in Holocene lake sediments,Lake Steisslingen,Southern Germany.Chemical Geology,2005,222:1-22.
[30]Dypvik H,Harris NB.Geochemical facies analysis of fine-grained siliciclastics using Th/U,Zr/Rb and(Zr+Rb)/Sr ra-tios.Chemical Geology,2001,181:131-146.
[31]Dasch EJ.Strontium isotopes in weathering profiles,deep-sea sediments,and sedimentary rocks.Geochimica et Cosmo-chimica Acta,1969,33:1521-1552.
[32]Clark PU,Dyke AS,Shakun JD.The last glacial maximum.Science,2009,325:710-714.
[33]徐馨,沈志达.全新世环境———最近一万多年来环境变迁.贵州:贵州人民出版社,1990:2-3.
[34]单鹏飞.腾格里沙漠东北缘末次冰期冰楔的首次发现及其意义.科学通报,1996,41(2):160-163.
[35]单鹏飞.贺兰山西侧紫泥湖地区晚更新世以来冰缘地貌过程与环境变化.地质论评,1997,43(4):428-433.
[36]王乃昂,王涛,高顺尉等.河西走廊末次冰期芒硝和砂楔与古气候重建.地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):59-66.
[37]董光荣,高尚玉,李保生等.鄂尔多斯高原晚更新世以来的古冰缘现象及其气候地层学意义.地理研究,1985,4(1):1-13.
[38]崔之久,赵亮,Vandenberghe J等.山西大同、内蒙古鄂尔多斯冰楔、砂楔群的发现及其环境意义.冰川冻土,2002,24(6):709-716.
[39]杨景春,孙建中,李树德等.大同盆地古冰楔(砂楔)和晚更新世自然环境.地理科学,1983,3(4):339-344.
[40]崔之久,谢又予.论我国东北、华北晚更新世晚期多年冻土南界与冰缘环境.地质学报,1984,2:165-177.
[41]张虎才.我国东北地区晚更新世中晚期环境变化与猛犸象-披毛犀动物群绝灭研究综述.地球科学进展,2009,24(5):49-60.
[2]张家武.季风边缘地区全新世高分辨率湖泊与黄土沉积记录研究[学位论文].兰州:兰州大学,2001:1-2.
[3]刘清泗,武羡慧.中国北方农牧交错带人类生存环境的过去、现在和未来.北京地质,1996,(1):10-18.
[4]孙千里,周杰,沈吉等.北方环境敏感带岱海湖泊沉积所记录的全新世中期环境特征.中国科学:D辑,2006,36(9):838-849.
[5]王永,姚培毅,迟振卿等.内蒙古黄旗海全新世中晚期环境演变的沉积记录.矿物岩石地球化学通报,2010,29(2):149-156.
[6]Wen Ruilin,Xiao Jule,Chang Zhigang et al.Holocene climate changes in the mid-high latitude monsoon margin reflected by the pollen record from Hulun Lake,northeastern Inner Mongolia.Quaternary Research,2010,73:293-303.
[7]金章东,王苏民,沈吉等.全新世岱海流域化学风化及其对气候事件的响应.地球化学,2004,33(1):29-36.
[8]李朝生,梁存柱,王炜等.内蒙古乌拉盖地区景观破碎化与土地利用对策的研究.干旱区资源与环境,1999,13(1):65-72.
[9]Reimer PJ,Baillie MGL,Bard E et al.IntCal04terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration,0-26cal kyr BP.Radiocarbon,2004,46:1029-1058.
[10]陈敬安,万国江,张峰等.不同时间尺度下的湖泊沉积物环境记录———以沉积物粒度为例.中国科学:D辑,2003,33(6):563-568.
[11]Sly PG.Sedimentary processes in lakes.In:Lerman A ed.Lakes:chemistry,geology,physics.New York:Springer-Verlag,1978:65-90.
[12]Wentworth CK.A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments.J Geology,1922,30:377-392.
[13]成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用.北京:地质出版社,1978:44-54.
[14]赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学.北京:石油工业出版社,2001:59-62.
[15]McManns J.Grain size determination and interpretation.In:Tucker M ed.Techniques in sedimentology.Oxford:Wiley-Blackwell,1988:63-85.
[16]黄思静.用Excel计算沉积物粒度分布参数.成都理工学院学报,1999,26(2):196-198.
[17]朱筱敏.沉积岩石学.北京:石油出版社,2008.
[18]刘英俊,王鹤年,曹励明等.元素地球化学.北京:科学出版社,1984.
[19]金章东,王苏民,沈吉等.小冰期弱化学风化的湖泊沉积记录.中国科学:D辑,2001,31(3):221-225.
[20]谭红兵,于升松.我国湖泊沉积环境演变研究中元素地球化学的应用现状及发展方向.盐湖研究,1999,7(3):58-65.
[21]陈敬安,万国江.洱海沉积物化学元素与古气候演化.地球化学,1999,25(5):562-570.
[22]陈骏,仇纲,鹿化煜等.最近130ka黄土高原夏季风变迁的Rb和Sr地球化学证据.科学通报,1996,41(21):1963-1966.
[23]Goldich SS,Gast PW.Effect of weathering on the Rb-Sr and K-Ar ages of biotite from the Morton Gneiss,Minnesota.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1966,(1):372-375.
[24]陈骏,安芷生,汪永进等.最近800ka洛川黄土剖面中Rb/Sr分布和古季风变迁.中国科学:D辑,1998,28(6):498-504.
[25]Chen J,An Z,Head J.Variation of Rb/Sr ratios in the loess-paleosol sequences of central China during the last130000 years and their implications for monsoon paleoclimatology.Quaternary Research,1999,51(3):215-219.
[26]金章东,张恩楼.湖泊沉积物Rb/Sr比值的古气候含义.科学技术与工程,2002,2(3):20-22.
[27]夏训诚,赵元杰,王富葆等.罗布泊湖心区近地表层微量元素分布及其环境意义.干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(10):137-141.
[28]Jones B,David AC Manning.Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones.Chemical Geology,1994,111:111-129.
[29]Eusterhues K,Hartmut H,Jürgen S.Geochemical response on redox fluctuations in Holocene lake sediments,Lake Steisslingen,Southern Germany.Chemical Geology,2005,222:1-22.
[30]Dypvik H,Harris NB.Geochemical facies analysis of fine-grained siliciclastics using Th/U,Zr/Rb and(Zr+Rb)/Sr ra-tios.Chemical Geology,2001,181:131-146.
[31]Dasch EJ.Strontium isotopes in weathering profiles,deep-sea sediments,and sedimentary rocks.Geochimica et Cosmo-chimica Acta,1969,33:1521-1552.
[32]Clark PU,Dyke AS,Shakun JD.The last glacial maximum.Science,2009,325:710-714.
[33]徐馨,沈志达.全新世环境———最近一万多年来环境变迁.贵州:贵州人民出版社,1990:2-3.
[34]单鹏飞.腾格里沙漠东北缘末次冰期冰楔的首次发现及其意义.科学通报,1996,41(2):160-163.
[35]单鹏飞.贺兰山西侧紫泥湖地区晚更新世以来冰缘地貌过程与环境变化.地质论评,1997,43(4):428-433.
[36]王乃昂,王涛,高顺尉等.河西走廊末次冰期芒硝和砂楔与古气候重建.地学前缘,2000,7(增刊):59-66.
[37]董光荣,高尚玉,李保生等.鄂尔多斯高原晚更新世以来的古冰缘现象及其气候地层学意义.地理研究,1985,4(1):1-13.
[38]崔之久,赵亮,Vandenberghe J等.山西大同、内蒙古鄂尔多斯冰楔、砂楔群的发现及其环境意义.冰川冻土,2002,24(6):709-716.
[39]杨景春,孙建中,李树德等.大同盆地古冰楔(砂楔)和晚更新世自然环境.地理科学,1983,3(4):339-344.
[40]崔之久,谢又予.论我国东北、华北晚更新世晚期多年冻土南界与冰缘环境.地质学报,1984,2:165-177.
[41]张虎才.我国东北地区晚更新世中晚期环境变化与猛犸象-披毛犀动物群绝灭研究综述.地球科学进展,2009,24(5):49-60.