适用于电磁暂态仿真的大电网简化方法及在南方电网的应用
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摘要
为了减少采用电磁暂态仿真程序研究大规模交直流电力系统中交流系统不对称故障时的计算量,提出了采用发电机支撑强度进行动态等值的方法。根据500 k V主干网架母线与低压网络拓扑结构以及低压网络是否含有发电机分别采用3种标准等值结构替代;其次采用时域聚合法得到等值发电机参数;最后针对动态等值结果评价提出3个量化指标。该文对南方电网2020年规划数据进行等值计算,比较了等值前后主干网架的稳态潮流、短路电流水平和暂态响应特性。比较结果表明,该等值方法既能保证等值前后主干网架稳态潮流不变,又能保证短路电流近似不变;等值系统极大简化原型系统的同时,保持了一定的动态响应相似性。
To reduce the computational complexity of electromagnetic transient simulation program for large-scale AD /DC system under the unbalanced faults in AC system,this paper proposes a method that adopts the support strength of generators for dynamic equivalent. According to the topology of low-voltage network with 500 kV trunk network buses and whether there are generators in it,three reduction schemes are used to replace the corresponding low-voltage network. Then,the dynamic parameters of equivalent generators are obtained by a time domain aggregation method. Finally,three indicators are defined to evaluate the equivalent system. This paper carries out equivalent calculation for the planning data of China Southern Grid in 2020,and compares the steady power flow,short-circuit current level and transient response characteristics of trunk network before and after the equivalent. The comparison results show that,the proposed equivalent method can not only ensure the steady power flow of trunk network before and after the equivalent,but also ensure the short-circuit current approximately unchanged; the equivalent system greatly simplifies the original system while the characteristic of dynamic response remains.
To reduce the computational complexity of electromagnetic transient simulation program for large-scale AD /DC system under the unbalanced faults in AC system,this paper proposes a method that adopts the support strength of generators for dynamic equivalent. According to the topology of low-voltage network with 500 kV trunk network buses and whether there are generators in it,three reduction schemes are used to replace the corresponding low-voltage network. Then,the dynamic parameters of equivalent generators are obtained by a time domain aggregation method. Finally,three indicators are defined to evaluate the equivalent system. This paper carries out equivalent calculation for the planning data of China Southern Grid in 2020,and compares the steady power flow,short-circuit current level and transient response characteristics of trunk network before and after the equivalent. The comparison results show that,the proposed equivalent method can not only ensure the steady power flow of trunk network before and after the equivalent,but also ensure the short-circuit current approximately unchanged; the equivalent system greatly simplifies the original system while the characteristic of dynamic response remains.
引文
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[15]金小明,周保荣,管霖,等.多馈入直流交互影响强度的评估指标[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(15):98-102.JIN Xiaoming,ZHOU Baorong,GUAN Lin,et al.HVDCinteraction-strength index for the multi-infeed-HVDC pow er system[J].Automation of Electric Power System.2009,33(15):98-102.
[16]辛焕海,章枫,于洋,等.多馈入直流系统广义短路比:定义与理论分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(3):633-647.XIN Huanhai,ZHANG Feng,YU Yang,et al.Generalized short circuit ratio for multi-infeed DC systems:definition and theoretical analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(3):633-647.
[2]周海强,鞠平,孔德超,等.基于机电距离的聚类方法在动态等值中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(3):14-17.ZHOU Haiqiang,JU Ping,KONG Dechao.et al.Application of clustering method based on electromechanical distance betw een different units in pow er system dynamic equivalence[J].Automation of Electric Pow er System.2008,32(3):14-17.
[3]姚海成,周坚,黄志龙,等.一种工程实用的动态等值方法[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(19):111-115.YAO Haicheng,ZHOU Jian,HUANG Zhilong,et al.A practicable method for dynamic equivalence[J].Automation of Electric Pow er System.2009,33(19):111-115.
[4]张一荻,管霖.交直流互联电网动态等值的实用化方法[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(2):120-125.ZHANG Yidi,GUAN Lin.Practical dynamic equivalence of AC-DC interconnected pow er netw ork[J].Electric Pow er Automation Equipment,2013,33(2):120-125.
[5]翁华,徐政,王兴刚,等.南方电网交直流系统的简化方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):108-112.WENG Hua,XU Zheng,WANG Xinggan,et al.A reduction method for AC/DC system of China Southern Pow er Grid[J].Pow er System Technology,2012,36(3):108-112.
[6]徐政,杨靖萍,段慧.一种适用于电磁暂态仿真的等值简约方法[J].南方电网技术,2007,1(1):37-40.XU Zheng,YANG Jingping,DUAN Hui.An equivalent reduction method for electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale pow er systems[J].Southern Pow er System Technology,2007,1(1):37-40.
[7]DONG H,WENG H,AN F,et al.Reduction and modelling method of large-scale alternating current/direct current pow er systems for electromagnetic transient simulation[J].Iet Generation Transmission&Distribution,2014,8(10):1667-1676.
[8]WENG H,XU Z.Dynamic reduction of large-scale AC/DC power systems via retaining the trunk netw ork[J].International Journal of Electrical Pow er&Energy Systems,2012,43(1):1332-1339.
[9]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[10]NATH R,LAMBA S S.Development of coherency-based timedomain equivalent model using structure constraints[J].Generation,Transmission and Distribution,IEE Proceedings C,1986,133(4):165-175.
[11]OURARI M L,DESSAINT L A,DO V Q.Dynamic equivalent modeling of large pow er systems using structure preservation technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Pow er Systems,2006,1(3):284-1295.
[12]周海强,黄训诚,吴磊,等.基于标准传递函数的励磁系统聚合[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(1):15-19.ZHOU Haiqiang,HUA NG Xuncheng,WU Lei,et al.Aggregation of excitation systems based on standard transfer functions[J].Automation of Electric Pow er System.2010,34(1):15-19.
[13]倪以信.动态电力系统的理论和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[14]周保荣,洪潮,金小明,等.南方电网同步运行网架向异步运行网架的转变研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2084-2092.ZHOU Baorong,HONG Chao,JIN Xiaoming,et al.Study of backbone structure change from synchronous to asynchronous in China Southern Pow er Grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE.2016,36(8):2084-2092.
[15]金小明,周保荣,管霖,等.多馈入直流交互影响强度的评估指标[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(15):98-102.JIN Xiaoming,ZHOU Baorong,GUAN Lin,et al.HVDCinteraction-strength index for the multi-infeed-HVDC pow er system[J].Automation of Electric Power System.2009,33(15):98-102.
[16]辛焕海,章枫,于洋,等.多馈入直流系统广义短路比:定义与理论分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(3):633-647.XIN Huanhai,ZHANG Feng,YU Yang,et al.Generalized short circuit ratio for multi-infeed DC systems:definition and theoretical analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(3):633-647.