无患子种仁油的提取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析
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摘要
对无患子种仁油的提取工艺进行优化。采用单因素实验考察浸泡时间、提取时间、料液比及提取温度对无患子种仁油提取率的影响,并采用正交实验进行工艺优化。运用气相色谱分析无患子种仁油中脂肪酸组成。结果表明:最佳提取条件为浸泡时间6 h、提取时间8 h、料液比1∶20、提取温度90℃,在此条件下,无患子种仁油平均提取率为43.31%;无患子种仁油的酸值(KOH)为4.132 mg/g,皂化值(KOH)为190.26 mg/g,碘值(I)为102.36 g/100 g;无患子种仁油主要含有13种脂肪酸,其不饱和脂肪酸含量高达84.63%。
To optimize the extraction technology of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil,the effects of soaking time,extraction time,ratio of material to liquid and extraction temperature on the yield of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil were studied by single factor experiment,and optimized by orthogonal experiment. Also the fatty acid composition of the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as follows: soaking time 6 h,extraction time 8 h,ratio of material to liquid 1∶ 20,extraction temperature 90 ℃. Under these conditions,the average yield of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil was 43. 31%. The acid value,saponification value and iodine value of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil were 4. 132 mg KOH/g,190. 26 mg KOH/g and 102. 36 g I/100 g,respectively. Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil contained thirteen kinds of fatty acids and the unsaturated fatty acid content was as high as 84. 63%.
To optimize the extraction technology of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil,the effects of soaking time,extraction time,ratio of material to liquid and extraction temperature on the yield of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil were studied by single factor experiment,and optimized by orthogonal experiment. Also the fatty acid composition of the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as follows: soaking time 6 h,extraction time 8 h,ratio of material to liquid 1∶ 20,extraction temperature 90 ℃. Under these conditions,the average yield of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil was 43. 31%. The acid value,saponification value and iodine value of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil were 4. 132 mg KOH/g,190. 26 mg KOH/g and 102. 36 g I/100 g,respectively. Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn. kernel oil contained thirteen kinds of fatty acids and the unsaturated fatty acid content was as high as 84. 63%.
引文
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[2]贾黎明,孙操稳.生物柴油树种无患子研究进展[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(6):191-196.
[3]黄素梅,王敬文,杜孟浩,等.无患子的研究现状及其开发利用[J].林业科技开发,2009,23(6):1-5.
[4]黄素梅,王敬文,杜孟浩,等.无患子籽油脂肪酸成分分析[J].中国油脂,2009,34(12):74-76.
[5]徐凯节,次旦扎西,丁立生.无患子属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究进展[J].天然产物研究与开发,2013,25(2):267-273.
[6]刘光斌,赵晓霞,胡冬南,等.无患子油脂的提取、理化性质及其制备生物柴油的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(3):59-64.
[7]王建章,吴子斌.无患子籽油成分分析与提取工艺研究[J].农业科学研究,2010,31(1):48-50.
[8]罗艳,刘梅.开发木本油料植物作为生物柴油原料研究[J].中国生物工程杂志,2007,27(7):68-74.
[9]罗建荣,肖怀,张成桂,等.两种药用蜚蠊油脂成分的GC-MS分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(11):47-50.
[10]卢淑军,杨燕云,许亮,等.气相色谱测定牛蒡子脂肪油中3种脂肪酸含量[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2011,17(20):56-60.
[11]谭超,李俊杰,赵福明.油瓜种仁油提取工艺及理化成分分析[J].中国油脂,2017,42(2):11-14.
[12]钟国清.油脂碘值的测定方法研究[J].粮油食品科技,2004,12(1):29-30.