红松无性系和优树种子性状及营养成分分析
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摘要
目的:以9个无性系及21个优树的红松种子作为研究对象,研究各性状在无性系水平及优树间的变化规律。方法:测定其表型性状及营养成分,并利用变异分析、方差分析及主成份分析等方法进行分析。结果:种子表型性状的变异系数为9. 78%～18. 58%,变异最小的是种子宽,最大的是种仁重;种仁营养成分的变异系数为0. 22%～55. 17%,变异最小的是脂肪酸,最大的是多糖。除种仁含水率及脂肪酸含量外,其他性状在整体、无性系及优树上基本皆达到差异显著或极显著水平。表型性状表现良好的无性系为省69、省67及省51,优树为北007、北024、北028及1086;营养成分表现良好的无性系为省45、省67及省71,优树为北024、北026、017及1063。结论:9个无性系12个性状前3个主分量累计贡献率为87%,Zk值排前3位的是省51、省67及省69。
Taking Pinus koraiensis seeds of the 9 clones and 21 superior trees as research objects,and the change regulation of all characters between the clones and superior trees were studied. The phenotypic characters and nutritional components were determined,and the mainly analysis methods used in this study included variation analysis,variance analysis and principal component analysis. The main research results were as follows: the coefficient of variation of seed phenotypic characters was 9. 78-18. 58%. The variation of seed width was the smallest and seed kernel weight was the largest. The variation coefficient of nutritional components characters was0. 22-55. 71%. The variation of fatty acid was the smallest and polysaccharide was the largest. There were significant or extremely significant differences in all traits at the level of entirety,clones and superior trees,except for water content in seed kernel and fatty acids. The clones with good phenotypic traits were bs69,bs67 and bs51,and the superior trees with good phenotypic traits were b007,b024,b028 and 1086. The clones with good nutritional components traits were bs45,bs67 and bs71,and the superior trees with good nutritional components traits were b024,b026,017 and 1063. The conclusions were as follows: the total contribution rate of the 3 principal components of the 12 characters in 9 clones was 87%. The top 3 clones by Z_k value were bs51,bs67 and bs69.
Taking Pinus koraiensis seeds of the 9 clones and 21 superior trees as research objects,and the change regulation of all characters between the clones and superior trees were studied. The phenotypic characters and nutritional components were determined,and the mainly analysis methods used in this study included variation analysis,variance analysis and principal component analysis. The main research results were as follows: the coefficient of variation of seed phenotypic characters was 9. 78-18. 58%. The variation of seed width was the smallest and seed kernel weight was the largest. The variation coefficient of nutritional components characters was0. 22-55. 71%. The variation of fatty acid was the smallest and polysaccharide was the largest. There were significant or extremely significant differences in all traits at the level of entirety,clones and superior trees,except for water content in seed kernel and fatty acids. The clones with good phenotypic traits were bs69,bs67 and bs51,and the superior trees with good phenotypic traits were b007,b024,b028 and 1086. The clones with good nutritional components traits were bs45,bs67 and bs71,and the superior trees with good nutritional components traits were b024,b026,017 and 1063. The conclusions were as follows: the total contribution rate of the 3 principal components of the 12 characters in 9 clones was 87%. The top 3 clones by Z_k value were bs51,bs67 and bs69.
引文
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[15]张宝峰,王建光,姚盛智.友好大青杨评比林优良无性系选择[J].林业科技,2018,43(2):30-32.ZHANG B F,WANG J G,YAO S Z. The Selection of the ExcellentNon-Sexual Selection of Populus ussuriensis[J]. Forestry Science&Technology,2018,43(2):30-32.
[2]吴晓红,刘英甜,宫婕.等.长白山和小兴安岭地区红松种子形态特征与成分比较研究[J].林产化学与工业,2011,31(4):79-82.WU X H,LIU Y T,GONG J. et al. Effects of morphological char-acteristics and composition of Pinuskoraiensis seeds in ChangbaiMountain and Xiaoxing'anling Mountains[J]. Forest Chemicals andIndustry,2011,31(4):79-82.
[3]张振,张磊,张含国.等.铁力红松种子园无性系种子形态及营养成分变异研究[J].植物研究,2014,34(3):356-363.ZHANG Z,ZHANG L,ZHANG H G,et al. Effects of seed mor-phological and nutrient composition on clones of Pinus koraiensisseed orchard[J]. Plant research,2014,34(3):356-363.
[4]于俊林,车喜泉,常纪庆.松仁的化学成分及功效[J].人参研究,2001,13(1):25-27.YU J L,CHE X Q,CHANG J Q. Chemical composition and effica-cy of pine nuts[J]. Ginseng Research,2001,13(1):25-27.
[5]陈永霞.红松籽营养价值分析[J].现代农业科技,2010(3):361-362.CHEN Y X. Analysis of nutritional value of Korean pine nuts[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2010(3):361-362.
[6]于世河.不同产地红松种子形态特征和营养成分的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2006.YU S H. Study on morphological characteristics and nutrient compo-sition of Pinus koraiensis seeds from different habitats[D]. Sheny-ang:Shenyang Agricultural University,2006.
[7] YOON T H,IM K J,KOH E T,et al. Fatty-acid compositions ofPinus koraiensis seed[J]. Nutrition Research,1989,9(3):357-361.
[8] FERRANOSCA A,SAVY V,EINERHAND A W C,et al. Pinuskoraiensis seed oil(Pinno Thin TM)supplementation reduces bodyweight gain and lipid concentration in liver and plasma of mice[J].Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2008,17(4):621-630.
[9]柴春山,芦娟,蔡国军.等.文冠果人工群体的果实表型多样性及其变异[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(2):181-191.CHAI C S,LU J,CAI G J,et al. Fruit phenotypic diversity andvariation of artificial population of Xanthoceras chinensis[J]. ForestResearch,2013,26(2):181-191.
[10] GREIPSSON S,DAVY A J. Seed mass and germination behaviorin populations of the dune-building grass Leymus arenaius[J].Annual of Botany,1995,76(5):493-501.
[11]刘志龙,虞木奎,唐罗忠,等.不同种源麻栎种子形态特征和营养成分含量的差异和聚类分析[J].植物资源和环境学报,2009,18(1):36-41.LIU Z L,YU M K,TANG L Z. et al. Differences and cluster anal-ysis of morphological characteristics and nutrient content of seedsfrom different provenances[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and En-vironment,2009,18(1):36-41.
[12]莫迟,张海啸,张含国.等.红松不同杂交组合种实形态与营养成分变异研究[J].植物研究,2017,37(5):700-708.MO C,ZHANG H X,ZHANG H G,et al. Study on the variationof morphological and nutrient composition of different hybrid combi-nations of Pinus koraiensis[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research,2017,37(5):700-708.
[13]张振,张含国,周宇.等.红松多无性系群体的种实性状变以研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(2):67-78.ZHANG Z,ZHANG H G,ZHOU Y,et al. Study on the speciestraits of Pinus koraiensis clonal populations[J]. Journal of BeijingForestry University,2015,37(2):67-78.
[14]任建中,刘长青,狂清锐,等.杨树纸浆材优良无性系选择方法的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2003,25(4):25-29.REN J Z,LIU Z Q,CANG Q R,et al. Study on the selectionmethod of excellent clones of poplar pulpwood[J]. Journal of Bei-jing Forestry University,2003,25(4):25-29.
[15]张宝峰,王建光,姚盛智.友好大青杨评比林优良无性系选择[J].林业科技,2018,43(2):30-32.ZHANG B F,WANG J G,YAO S Z. The Selection of the ExcellentNon-Sexual Selection of Populus ussuriensis[J]. Forestry Science&Technology,2018,43(2):30-32.