何首乌及其主要化学成分药理作用及机制研究进展
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摘要
何首乌因其黑须发、益精髓、延年不老等补益作用在处方及中成药中广泛应用,随着中药现代化的不断进展,关于何首乌及其成分的药理研究也不断深入,何首乌包含蒽醌类、二苯乙烯苷类、酚类、黄酮类、磷脂类等成分,关于何首乌提取物及其主要成分二苯乙烯苷类及蒽醌类药理研究较多;具有抗衰老,降脂保肝、提高免疫力、治疗骨质疏松等作用,通过查阅检索中英文数据库,将何首乌及其主要化学成分药理学作用进行总结归纳,通过查阅古文献记载何首乌传统功效结合现代药理学研究对何首乌及其主要化学成分的药理作用进行探讨,为何首乌的临床应用及进一步开发研究提供思路与依据。
Polygonum multiflorum is widely used in prescriptions and proprietary Chinese medicines because of its beneficial effects such as black hair, essence of benefit, anti-aging, etc. Polygonum multiflorum contains terpenoids, stilbene glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, phospholipids, etc. Polygonum multiflorum and its main compounds have the effects of Anti-aging, lipid-lowering liver protection, improve immunity, treatment of osteoporosis and other effects. This article summarizes the pharmacological effects of Polygonum multiflorum and its major chemical constituents by consulting the Chinese and English database. By explore the pharmacological effects of Polygonum multiflorum and its main chemical constituents by examining the ancient literature records of the traditional efficacy of Polygonum multiflorum combined with modern pharmacology studies, to provide ideas and basis for the clinical application and further development of Polygonum multiflorum.
Polygonum multiflorum is widely used in prescriptions and proprietary Chinese medicines because of its beneficial effects such as black hair, essence of benefit, anti-aging, etc. Polygonum multiflorum contains terpenoids, stilbene glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, phospholipids, etc. Polygonum multiflorum and its main compounds have the effects of Anti-aging, lipid-lowering liver protection, improve immunity, treatment of osteoporosis and other effects. This article summarizes the pharmacological effects of Polygonum multiflorum and its major chemical constituents by consulting the Chinese and English database. By explore the pharmacological effects of Polygonum multiflorum and its main chemical constituents by examining the ancient literature records of the traditional efficacy of Polygonum multiflorum combined with modern pharmacology studies, to provide ideas and basis for the clinical application and further development of Polygonum multiflorum.
引文
[1]王万根,赵紫伟,俞捷.何首乌高压蒸制法蒸制时间对何首乌抗衰老活性影响的研究[J].云南中医学院学报,2013,36(2):1-4.
[2]安福丽,王玉娟,高福禄.何首乌饮对衰老大鼠生精细胞线粒体凋亡通路关键基因表达的影响[J].解剖学报,2017,48(3):287-235.
[3]王建明,孙静,贺飞,等.何首乌饮对大鼠睾丸间质细胞类固醇激素合成急性调节蛋白和细胞色素P450胆固醇侧链裂解酶蛋白表达的影响[J].解剖学报,2017,48(1):30-35.
[4]姚谦明,蒋宇刚,何启.何首乌对脑细胞Bcl-2基因表达的影响实验性研究[J].现代临床医学生物工程学研究,2002,8(2):83-87.
[5]周暄宣.高纯度二苯乙烯苷制备工艺及其抗衰老机制研究[J].上海:第四军医大学.2013.
[6]唐进法,李伟霞,李学林.何首乌乙酸乙酯提取物对秀丽线虫的抗衰老作用研究[J].中国药房,2017,28(4):493-498.
[7]Büchter C,Zhao L,W?tjen W.TSG(2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside)from the Chinese herb Polygonum multiflorum increases life span and stress resistance of caenorhabditis elegans[J].Oxid Med Cell Longev,2015(3):124357.
[8]Zhou X,Ge L,Wang S.Thinning of dermas with the increasing age may be against by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside in mice[J].Int J Clin Exp Med,2014,7(8):2017-2024.
[9]Lo Y H,Chen Y J,Chung T Y,et al.Emoghrelin:a unique emodin derivative in Heshouwu,stimulates growth hormone secretion via activation of the ghrelin receptor[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2015,15(159):1-8.
[10]邓响潮,黄俊柅,练志文.何首乌不同提取物对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖作用[J].中国现代药物应用,2008,2(8):1-4.
[11]孙桂波,徐惠波,孙晓波.何首乌蒽醌苷对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2006,22(6):30-35.
[12]Tao L,Li X,Chen J.Protective effect of tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside on 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through the ROS-NO pathway[J].PLo S ONE,2011,6(10):e26055.
[13]杨旭,罗展远,贝伟剑.何首乌提取物对MPP+诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的保护作用[J].广东药学院学报,2016(32):71-79.
[14]李旻,杜小平,叶辉.何首乌对KA致大鼠脑胆碱能纤维损伤的保护作用[J].湖南医科大学学报,2003,28(4):361-364.
[15]邱光,伍校琼,罗学港.何首乌对Aβ1-40诱导的大鼠海马神经元内BDNF表达的影响[J].中南大学学报,2006,31(2):194-197.
[16]俞云,汪佰莉,覃筱燕.何首乌苷对亚急性衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力及海马内Ch AT和ACh E表达的影响[J].四川动物,2017,36(1):48-53.
[17]Ahn S M,Kim Y R,Choi B T.Neuroprotection and spatial memory enhancement of four herbal mixture extract in HT22 hippocampal cells and a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia[J].BMC Complement Alternat Med,2015(15):202.
[18]Hwang Y H,Kang K Y,Yee S T.Effects of hot water extracts from Polygonum multiflorum on ovariectomy induced osteopenia in mice[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2016(1):8970585
[19]Zhou M,Li J,Liu Y.Preventive effects of Polygonum multflorum onglucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in rats[J].Experiment Therapeut Med,2017(14):2445-2460.
[20]Zheng Y,Li J,Liu Y.Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside isolated from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.Demonstrates osteoblast differentiation promoting activity[J].Experiment Therapeut Med,2017(14):2845-2852.
[21]Li Y,Han M,Zhao R.Hair growth promotion activity and its mechanism of Polygonum multiflorum[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015:517901.
[22]Han M N,Lu J M,Zhang G Y,et al.Mechanistic studies on the use of Polygonum multiflorum for the treatment of hair graying[J].Biomed Res Int,2015:651048.doi:10.1155/2015/651048.
[23]中国药典[S].2005.
[24]翟蓉,吕丽爽,金邦荃.何首乌多糖降血脂作用的研究[J].食品与机械,2010,26(5):87-89.
[25]王春英,金一宝,张峥.何首乌醋酸乙酯提取部位与二苯乙烯苷的调血脂作用[J].中草药,2008,39(1):78-83.
[26]Kho M C,Lee Y J,Lee H S.Combination with red ginseng and Polygoni Multiflori ameliorates highfructose diet induced metabolic syndrome[J].Complement Alternat Med,2016(16):98.
[27]邓红星,解雪峰,吕雄文.何首乌中药制剂治疗高脂血症的临床疗效及其不良反应Meta分析[J].安徽医药,2017,21(9):1677-1682.
[28]Chang Y X,Ge A H,Gao X M.A bioactivity-based method for screening,identification of lipase inhibitors,and clarifying the effects of processing time on lipase inhibitory activity of Polygonum Multiflorum[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.2016,2016:5965067.
[29]俞捷,林佩,赵荣华.何首乌活性成分二苯乙烯苷对肝细胞脂质合成、分解及转运的调节作用研究[J].中国药学杂志,2014,49(23):2077-2081.
[30]王艳芳,林佩,俞捷.何首乌及其主要成分二苯乙烯苷对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肠道短链脂肪酸产生量的影响[J].中国现代中药,2017,19(9):1254-1261.
[31]Lou Z,Xia B,Lv G.Effect of a stilbene glycoside rich extract from Polygoni Multiflori Radix on experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on principal component and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis[J].Experim Therapeut Med,2017(14):4958-4966.
[32]Lin P,He Y R,Zhao R H.In vivo lipid regulation mechanism of Polygoni Multiflori Radix in high-fat diet fed rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2014(8):133-133.
[33]姜金奇.何首乌水提物对大鼠心肌缺血模型血清中SOD、MDA和GSH-Px的影响[J].中医药信息,2013,30(6):28-32.
[34]Zhang S H,Wang W Q,Wang J L.Protective effect of tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside on cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in vitro and in vivo[J].Acta Pharmacolog Sinic,2009,30(11):1479-1487.
[35]Duan J,Han X,Xu J W.Aortic remodelling is improved by 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside involving the Smad3 pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015(6):1-10.
[36]Jiang Z,Wang W,Guo C.Tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside ameliorates H2O2 induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses[J].Mol Med Rep,2017(16):5219-5224.
[37]Liu L P,Liao Z P,He M.The protective effects of Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside preconditioning in an ischemia/reperfusion model of HUVECs[J].Acta Pharmacolog Sinic,2010(31):405-412.
[38]孙桂波,邓响潮,孙晓波.何首乌蒽醌苷类化合物抗肿瘤作用研究[J].中国新药杂志,2008,17(10):837-842.
[39]李登科,李宝赛,孙震晓.何首乌中大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的分离纯化与体外抗癌活性研究[J].癌变畸变突变,2014,26(6):402-405.
[40]Hou H,Li D,Zhou Y.Cellular redox status regulates emodin-induced radiosensitization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo[J].J Pharm,2013:218297.
[41]Lin C L,Chen C Y,Lee C H.Chemopreventive potential of 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-D-glucoside on the formation of aberrant crypt foci in azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer in rats[J].Biomed Res Int,2017:3634915.doi:10.1155/2017/3634915.
[42]Cheung F W,Leung A W,Liu W K,et al.Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of a glucosylated hydroxystilbene in mouse melana melanocytes[J].J Nat Prod,2014,77(6):1270-1274.
[43]董小艳,易燕锋,赵刚.何首乌抗诱变作用的实验研究[J].湖北中医杂志,2007,29(7):17-22.
[44]潘小翠,边才苗,管铭.何首乌不同溶剂提取液的体外抑菌活性研究[J].湖北农业科学,52(18):4390-4394.
[45]徐正哲,陈正爱.不同蒸制时间何首乌对小鼠急性炎症的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2006,17(7):1170-1171.
[46]Chin Y T,Hsieh M T,Lin C Y,et al.2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside isolated from Polygoni multiflori ameliorates the development of periodontitis[J].Med Inflamm,2016(3):1-37.
[47]王君明,朱新瑞.何首乌提取物抗抑郁活性研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,2012,35(7):449-452.
[48]苑天彤,刘晓民.何首乌提取物二苯乙烯苷对糖尿病肾小管损伤保护作用的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2016,17(2):114-119.
[49]Chang M J,Xiao J H,Wang Y,et al.2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside improves gastrointestinal motility disorders in STZ-induced diabetic mice[J].Plos One,2012,7(12):e50291.
[50]Lei X,Chen J,Ren J,et al.Liver damage associated with Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.:A systematic review of case reports and case series[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015(5):459749.
[51]闫二磊,梁生旺.何首乌肝损伤的研究进展[J].广东药学院学报,2016,30(6):784-787.
[52]唐志芳,马国,梅全喜.何首乌肝毒性研究进展[J].时珍国医国药,2017,28(7):1722-1726.
[2]安福丽,王玉娟,高福禄.何首乌饮对衰老大鼠生精细胞线粒体凋亡通路关键基因表达的影响[J].解剖学报,2017,48(3):287-235.
[3]王建明,孙静,贺飞,等.何首乌饮对大鼠睾丸间质细胞类固醇激素合成急性调节蛋白和细胞色素P450胆固醇侧链裂解酶蛋白表达的影响[J].解剖学报,2017,48(1):30-35.
[4]姚谦明,蒋宇刚,何启.何首乌对脑细胞Bcl-2基因表达的影响实验性研究[J].现代临床医学生物工程学研究,2002,8(2):83-87.
[5]周暄宣.高纯度二苯乙烯苷制备工艺及其抗衰老机制研究[J].上海:第四军医大学.2013.
[6]唐进法,李伟霞,李学林.何首乌乙酸乙酯提取物对秀丽线虫的抗衰老作用研究[J].中国药房,2017,28(4):493-498.
[7]Büchter C,Zhao L,W?tjen W.TSG(2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside)from the Chinese herb Polygonum multiflorum increases life span and stress resistance of caenorhabditis elegans[J].Oxid Med Cell Longev,2015(3):124357.
[8]Zhou X,Ge L,Wang S.Thinning of dermas with the increasing age may be against by tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside in mice[J].Int J Clin Exp Med,2014,7(8):2017-2024.
[9]Lo Y H,Chen Y J,Chung T Y,et al.Emoghrelin:a unique emodin derivative in Heshouwu,stimulates growth hormone secretion via activation of the ghrelin receptor[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2015,15(159):1-8.
[10]邓响潮,黄俊柅,练志文.何首乌不同提取物对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖作用[J].中国现代药物应用,2008,2(8):1-4.
[11]孙桂波,徐惠波,孙晓波.何首乌蒽醌苷对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2006,22(6):30-35.
[12]Tao L,Li X,Chen J.Protective effect of tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside on 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through the ROS-NO pathway[J].PLo S ONE,2011,6(10):e26055.
[13]杨旭,罗展远,贝伟剑.何首乌提取物对MPP+诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的保护作用[J].广东药学院学报,2016(32):71-79.
[14]李旻,杜小平,叶辉.何首乌对KA致大鼠脑胆碱能纤维损伤的保护作用[J].湖南医科大学学报,2003,28(4):361-364.
[15]邱光,伍校琼,罗学港.何首乌对Aβ1-40诱导的大鼠海马神经元内BDNF表达的影响[J].中南大学学报,2006,31(2):194-197.
[16]俞云,汪佰莉,覃筱燕.何首乌苷对亚急性衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力及海马内Ch AT和ACh E表达的影响[J].四川动物,2017,36(1):48-53.
[17]Ahn S M,Kim Y R,Choi B T.Neuroprotection and spatial memory enhancement of four herbal mixture extract in HT22 hippocampal cells and a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia[J].BMC Complement Alternat Med,2015(15):202.
[18]Hwang Y H,Kang K Y,Yee S T.Effects of hot water extracts from Polygonum multiflorum on ovariectomy induced osteopenia in mice[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2016(1):8970585
[19]Zhou M,Li J,Liu Y.Preventive effects of Polygonum multflorum onglucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in rats[J].Experiment Therapeut Med,2017(14):2445-2460.
[20]Zheng Y,Li J,Liu Y.Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside isolated from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.Demonstrates osteoblast differentiation promoting activity[J].Experiment Therapeut Med,2017(14):2845-2852.
[21]Li Y,Han M,Zhao R.Hair growth promotion activity and its mechanism of Polygonum multiflorum[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015:517901.
[22]Han M N,Lu J M,Zhang G Y,et al.Mechanistic studies on the use of Polygonum multiflorum for the treatment of hair graying[J].Biomed Res Int,2015:651048.doi:10.1155/2015/651048.
[23]中国药典[S].2005.
[24]翟蓉,吕丽爽,金邦荃.何首乌多糖降血脂作用的研究[J].食品与机械,2010,26(5):87-89.
[25]王春英,金一宝,张峥.何首乌醋酸乙酯提取部位与二苯乙烯苷的调血脂作用[J].中草药,2008,39(1):78-83.
[26]Kho M C,Lee Y J,Lee H S.Combination with red ginseng and Polygoni Multiflori ameliorates highfructose diet induced metabolic syndrome[J].Complement Alternat Med,2016(16):98.
[27]邓红星,解雪峰,吕雄文.何首乌中药制剂治疗高脂血症的临床疗效及其不良反应Meta分析[J].安徽医药,2017,21(9):1677-1682.
[28]Chang Y X,Ge A H,Gao X M.A bioactivity-based method for screening,identification of lipase inhibitors,and clarifying the effects of processing time on lipase inhibitory activity of Polygonum Multiflorum[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.2016,2016:5965067.
[29]俞捷,林佩,赵荣华.何首乌活性成分二苯乙烯苷对肝细胞脂质合成、分解及转运的调节作用研究[J].中国药学杂志,2014,49(23):2077-2081.
[30]王艳芳,林佩,俞捷.何首乌及其主要成分二苯乙烯苷对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肠道短链脂肪酸产生量的影响[J].中国现代中药,2017,19(9):1254-1261.
[31]Lou Z,Xia B,Lv G.Effect of a stilbene glycoside rich extract from Polygoni Multiflori Radix on experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on principal component and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis[J].Experim Therapeut Med,2017(14):4958-4966.
[32]Lin P,He Y R,Zhao R H.In vivo lipid regulation mechanism of Polygoni Multiflori Radix in high-fat diet fed rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2014(8):133-133.
[33]姜金奇.何首乌水提物对大鼠心肌缺血模型血清中SOD、MDA和GSH-Px的影响[J].中医药信息,2013,30(6):28-32.
[34]Zhang S H,Wang W Q,Wang J L.Protective effect of tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside on cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in vitro and in vivo[J].Acta Pharmacolog Sinic,2009,30(11):1479-1487.
[35]Duan J,Han X,Xu J W.Aortic remodelling is improved by 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside involving the Smad3 pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2015(6):1-10.
[36]Jiang Z,Wang W,Guo C.Tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside ameliorates H2O2 induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses[J].Mol Med Rep,2017(16):5219-5224.
[37]Liu L P,Liao Z P,He M.The protective effects of Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside preconditioning in an ischemia/reperfusion model of HUVECs[J].Acta Pharmacolog Sinic,2010(31):405-412.
[38]孙桂波,邓响潮,孙晓波.何首乌蒽醌苷类化合物抗肿瘤作用研究[J].中国新药杂志,2008,17(10):837-842.
[39]李登科,李宝赛,孙震晓.何首乌中大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷的分离纯化与体外抗癌活性研究[J].癌变畸变突变,2014,26(6):402-405.
[40]Hou H,Li D,Zhou Y.Cellular redox status regulates emodin-induced radiosensitization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo[J].J Pharm,2013:218297.
[41]Lin C L,Chen C Y,Lee C H.Chemopreventive potential of 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-D-glucoside on the formation of aberrant crypt foci in azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer in rats[J].Biomed Res Int,2017:3634915.doi:10.1155/2017/3634915.
[42]Cheung F W,Leung A W,Liu W K,et al.Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of a glucosylated hydroxystilbene in mouse melana melanocytes[J].J Nat Prod,2014,77(6):1270-1274.
[43]董小艳,易燕锋,赵刚.何首乌抗诱变作用的实验研究[J].湖北中医杂志,2007,29(7):17-22.
[44]潘小翠,边才苗,管铭.何首乌不同溶剂提取液的体外抑菌活性研究[J].湖北农业科学,52(18):4390-4394.
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