以七氟丙烷为介质离心分离碳同位素
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摘要
以七氟丙烷(C3HF7)为分离介质,通过气体离心法研究碳同位素的分离制备。利用国产气体离心机开展单机离心分离实验,通过气体质谱仪分析C3HF7样品,计算不同工况条件下的分离系数和单机分离功率,分离系数可达1.12。在单机实验结果的基础上,采用相对丰度匹配级联(MARC)模型,对富集13 C的生产进行级联计算。选取分离功率最大的实验工况作为计算参数,通过三次级数分别为30、60、75的级联分离,可以将13 C的丰度从天然丰度富集至30%以上。综合考虑单机实验和级联计算的结果,以C3HF7为介质离心分离碳同位素可行。
The demand for stable isotopes has increased in the field of medical diagnosis,biopharming,quantum communication and so on.Natural carbon has two stable isotopes:12 C(98.89%)and 13 C(1.11%).13 C in high abundance is mainly used in tracer field.For example,13 C can be manufactured in the form of urea for Helicobacter Pylori diagnosis without any radioactivity or toxicity.As much more focus has been paid on safety and health,13 C reveals big advantage over other radioactive tracer isotopes.The radically increased demand for 13 C put forward higher requirements on both the capacity and maximal abundance on 13 C production.Rectification is the only method which has been used for large-scale industrial production of 13 C at present all over the world,while China has not yet mastered the technology to produce 13 C in high abundance under industrial-scale.Considering gas centrifugation method owns the advantages of low energy consumption and large single-stage separation factor,studies on centrifugal separation of carbon isotopes were carried out.Using heptafluoropropane(C3 HF7)as processing gas,single-centrifuge experiments were done based on domestic gas centrifuges.Separation products were analyzed by a MAT-253 gas mass spectrometer.As a result,the separation factor and single-centrifuge separative power under different working conditions were obtained.The single-centrifuge separation factor could reach 1.12.Based on the results of single-centrifuge separation experiments,the working condition with the maximum separative power was selected as the calculation parameters,then cascade calculation of the enrichment of 13 C isotope was conducted by the matched abundance ratio cascade(MARC).The design parameters of centrifugal cascades for enrichment of13 C were worked out.Through three-time separations by MARC,with stage number of30,60 and 75,respectively,13 C isotope could be enriched from natural abundance to above 30% in abundance.With overall consideration of single-centrifuge experiments and cascade calculation,the feasibility of separating carbon isotopes by gas centrifuge using heptafluoropropane as processing gas has been demonstrated.The study lays a foundation for carbon isotopes production by gas centrifugation method.
The demand for stable isotopes has increased in the field of medical diagnosis,biopharming,quantum communication and so on.Natural carbon has two stable isotopes:12 C(98.89%)and 13 C(1.11%).13 C in high abundance is mainly used in tracer field.For example,13 C can be manufactured in the form of urea for Helicobacter Pylori diagnosis without any radioactivity or toxicity.As much more focus has been paid on safety and health,13 C reveals big advantage over other radioactive tracer isotopes.The radically increased demand for 13 C put forward higher requirements on both the capacity and maximal abundance on 13 C production.Rectification is the only method which has been used for large-scale industrial production of 13 C at present all over the world,while China has not yet mastered the technology to produce 13 C in high abundance under industrial-scale.Considering gas centrifugation method owns the advantages of low energy consumption and large single-stage separation factor,studies on centrifugal separation of carbon isotopes were carried out.Using heptafluoropropane(C3 HF7)as processing gas,single-centrifuge experiments were done based on domestic gas centrifuges.Separation products were analyzed by a MAT-253 gas mass spectrometer.As a result,the separation factor and single-centrifuge separative power under different working conditions were obtained.The single-centrifuge separation factor could reach 1.12.Based on the results of single-centrifuge separation experiments,the working condition with the maximum separative power was selected as the calculation parameters,then cascade calculation of the enrichment of 13 C isotope was conducted by the matched abundance ratio cascade(MARC).The design parameters of centrifugal cascades for enrichment of13 C were worked out.Through three-time separations by MARC,with stage number of30,60 and 75,respectively,13 C isotope could be enriched from natural abundance to above 30% in abundance.With overall consideration of single-centrifuge experiments and cascade calculation,the feasibility of separating carbon isotopes by gas centrifuge using heptafluoropropane as processing gas has been demonstrated.The study lays a foundation for carbon isotopes production by gas centrifugation method.
引文
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[5]潘建雄,周明胜,裴根,等.以三氯化硼为介质离心分离硼同位素[J].同位素,2018,31(2):77-83.Pan Jianxiong,Zhou Mingsheng,Pei Gen,et al.Centrifugal separation of boron isotopes using boron trichloride as processing gas[J].Journal of Isotopes,2018,31(2):77-83(in Chinese).
[6]周明胜,李梁,徐燕博,等.以正辛烷为介质离心分离碳同位素[J].同位素,2012,25(3):140-143.Zhou Mingsheng,Li Liang,Xu Yanbo,et al.Centrifugal separation of carbon isotopes using n-octane as processing gas[J].Journal of Isotopes,2012,25(3):140-143(in Chinese).
[7]宋天明,曾实.多组分气体离心分离级联的解析优化[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2006,46(12):2 003-2 006.Song Tianming,Zeng Shi.Optimization of centrifugal cascades for the separation of multi-component gas mixtures[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2006,46(12):2 003-2 006(in Chinese).