面向城市内涝的应急管理流程及快速应对方案研究
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摘要
将城市内涝问题当作突发事件去应对,参照过程化管理模式,从应急管理设计角度出发,建立城市内涝规范化应对管理流程。按照国家应急预案编制体系要求,建立应急预案库和实例事件库。在实际应对过程中,结合前期研究成果,在综合集成平台上运用组件知识图技术,从预案库和实例事件库中快速筛选出适用于当前事件的应急预案,通过平台的修改快速生成新的应对方案,滚动式更新直至事件结束,从而对突发事件做出快速响应和应对,具有可操作性和可信度,可以提高城市内涝应对处置效率,有效缓解城市内涝带来的灾害和影响。
According to the process management model,the disposal of urban waterlogging is taken as an emergency,and the standardized management process of urban waterlogging is set up from the emergency management design. According to the requirements of the national emergency plan preparation system,an emergency plan database and a case database are established. In the actual response process,combined with the previous research results,using the component knowledge map technology on the integrated platform,the emergency plan suitable for the current event is quickly selected from the plan database and case database,and a new response plan is quickly generated through the modification of the platform,which is rolling updated until the end of the event. The rapid response,which has the operability and reliability,can effectively improve the efficiency of urban waterlogging and alleviate the disasters and impacts caused by urban waterlogging. This method,with operability and credibility,can make quick response to emergencies,improve the efficiency of urban waterlogging response,and effectively mitigate the disaster impact of urban waterlogging.
According to the process management model,the disposal of urban waterlogging is taken as an emergency,and the standardized management process of urban waterlogging is set up from the emergency management design. According to the requirements of the national emergency plan preparation system,an emergency plan database and a case database are established. In the actual response process,combined with the previous research results,using the component knowledge map technology on the integrated platform,the emergency plan suitable for the current event is quickly selected from the plan database and case database,and a new response plan is quickly generated through the modification of the platform,which is rolling updated until the end of the event. The rapid response,which has the operability and reliability,can effectively improve the efficiency of urban waterlogging and alleviate the disasters and impacts caused by urban waterlogging. This method,with operability and credibility,can make quick response to emergencies,improve the efficiency of urban waterlogging response,and effectively mitigate the disaster impact of urban waterlogging.
引文
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[2]Zhen X Y,Cheng M S,Coffman L S,et al.Low impact development(LID)BMP technology:planning tools[C]//Water Resources and Environment History Sessions at Environmental and Water Reources Institute Meeting,2015:293-314.
[3]Eason C,Pandey S,Feeney C,et al.Low impact urban design and development:making it mainstream[J].Ecology and the Environment,2003(67):833-846.
[4]张德,王霖琳.基于复杂系统理论的北京城市内涝应急管理研究[J].城市,2016(4):49-53.
[5]侯雷.对城市内涝灾害应急管理的反思及建议[J].行政与法,2015(1):5-9.
[6]于树利,苏笑曦,许卓宁,等.城市内涝监测预警系统的研究与设计[J].中国战略新兴产业,2018(20):89,91.
[7]解建仓,罗军刚.水利信息化综合集成服务平台及应用模式[J].水利信息化,2010(5):18-23.
[8]罗军刚.水利业务信息化及综合集成应用模式研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2009.