乌梅有机酸的提取工艺及其抑菌活性
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摘要
优化乌梅中有机酸的提取工艺并对其抑菌活性进行了研究。首先通过单因素试验考察不同提取方法、溶剂浓度、提取时间、超声频率以及料液比对有机酸得率的影响,然后通过正交试验确定最佳提取工艺,并进行抑菌实验。获得最佳提取条件:超声波提取法、乙醇95%(体积分数)、料液比(g/m L)为1∶25、提取时间60 min以及提取频率为100 k Hz。验证试验结果表明:乌梅有机酸得率可达到12.17%;抑菌试验表明:乌梅提取液对枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和四联球菌有明显的抑制作用,最小抑菌质量浓度分别为15.625、15.625、31.25和31.25 mg/m L。本超声波提取法提取有机酸工艺用时少、得率高,且有机酸表现出较强的抗菌作用,为乌梅有机酸的深入研究和应用开发提供了一定的参考。
We optimized the extraction of organic acid from Fructus mume to study its antibacterial activity. Firstly,effects of different extraction methods,solvent concentration,extraction time,ultrasonic frequency and ratio between solid to liquid on the yield of organic acids were studied by single-factor experiments. The optimum extraction process was determined by orthogonal experiment. The optimum extraction conditions were ultrasonic-assisted extraction,95% ethanol( V/V),solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶ 25( g/m L),extraction time 60 min and extraction frequency 100 k Hz.The yield of organic acids from Fructus mume reached 12. 17%.Fructus mume extract inhibited Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Micrococcus tetragenus,the minimum bacteriostat mass concentrations were 15. 625,15. 625,31. 25 and 31. 25 mg/m L,respectively.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of organic acids from Fructus mume was effective and the extract inhibited several bacteria.
We optimized the extraction of organic acid from Fructus mume to study its antibacterial activity. Firstly,effects of different extraction methods,solvent concentration,extraction time,ultrasonic frequency and ratio between solid to liquid on the yield of organic acids were studied by single-factor experiments. The optimum extraction process was determined by orthogonal experiment. The optimum extraction conditions were ultrasonic-assisted extraction,95% ethanol( V/V),solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶ 25( g/m L),extraction time 60 min and extraction frequency 100 k Hz.The yield of organic acids from Fructus mume reached 12. 17%.Fructus mume extract inhibited Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Micrococcus tetragenus,the minimum bacteriostat mass concentrations were 15. 625,15. 625,31. 25 and 31. 25 mg/m L,respectively.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of organic acids from Fructus mume was effective and the extract inhibited several bacteria.
引文
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[19]范三红,原超,刘艳荣,等.超声波辅助提取南瓜籽油及其脂肪酸组成研究[J].食品科学,2010,31(24):107-110.
[20]董红敏,李素清,牛小勇,等.正交实验优化川明参多糖超声提取工艺[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(8):306-309.
[2]邓婉婷,管淑玉,李瑶,等.乌梅总有机酸的提取优化工艺及其抗氧化活性研究[J].广东药学院学报,2015,31(2):171-175.
[3]邓婉婷.乌梅各组分生物活性研究及提取工艺优化[D].广州:广东药学院,2015.
[4]王智云,孙玉刚,王麟,等.乌梅的药理活性研究进展[J].实用临床医药杂志,2015,19(19):200-202.
[5]阮毅铭.乌梅的化学成份及药理作用概述[J].中国医药导刊,2008,10(5):793-794.
[6]张小琼,侯晓军,杨敏,等.乌梅的药理作用研究进展[J].中国药房,2016,27(25):3567-3570.
[7]杨莹菲,胡汉昆,刘萍,等.乌梅化学成分、临床应用及现代药理研究进展[J].中国药师,2012,15(3):415-418.
[8]SENEVIRATNE C J,WONG R W,HGG U,et al.Prunus mume extract exhibits antimicrobial activity against pathogenic oral bacteria[J].Int J Paediatr Dent,2011,21(4):299-305.
[9]邢湖臣.乌梅药用功效多[J].东方药膳,2012(1):38-39.
[10]吴传茂,吴周和,陈士英.乌梅提取液的抑菌作用研究[J].食品工业,2000(3):11-13.
[11]陈战国,吕九如.直接电位滴定法测定含乌梅复方制剂中的游离有机酸总量[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(4):78-80.
[12]王克英.乌梅不同产地及不同抽样点有机酸含量测定[C]//中国民族医药学会.2003全国苗医药学术研讨会特辑,2003.
[13]游剑,邓青云,高丽,等.不同工艺对栀子苷提取效果的比较研究[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(1):220-222.
[14]康帅,殷中琼,贾仁勇,等.乌梅等三味具有抑菌活性中药的最佳提取工艺研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2014(12):2014-2021.
[15]罗兴武.艾蒿总黄酮的超声波提取工艺研究[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(7):39-44.
[16]王世宽,张代芳,陈欲云.桑叶多糖提取及抑菌实验研究[J].四川理工学院学报(自然科学版),2016,29(6):1-5.
[17]赵琦,张军武.正交试验法优选黄芪中总黄酮提取工艺[J].云南中医学院学报,2012,35(1):27-29.
[18]刘梦茵,刘芳,周涛,等.乌梅乙醇提取物抑菌作用及其抑菌成分分析[J].食品科学,2011,32(17):190-193.
[19]范三红,原超,刘艳荣,等.超声波辅助提取南瓜籽油及其脂肪酸组成研究[J].食品科学,2010,31(24):107-110.
[20]董红敏,李素清,牛小勇,等.正交实验优化川明参多糖超声提取工艺[J].食品工业科技,2014,35(8):306-309.