基于电子鼻的稻谷霉变在线检测系统的研制
|
摘要
针对传统稻谷霉变检测方法操作繁琐这一问题,设计了一种基于无线电子鼻的稻谷霉变在线检测系统。该系统由气体检测装置、下位机系统以及上位机远程监控系统构成,具有数据采集、处理、显示、传输及存储等功能。下位机采用STM32微控制器,与上位机通信的传输速率为18 B/s,丢包率为0,上位机远程监控系统最大可实现轮询接收128路下位机数据。通过稻谷霉变检测试验,建立了霉菌含量预测模型,并运用粒子群优化算法对参数进行优化,模型的R~2为0. 983 9,均方根误差为0. 204 9 lg(cfu/g),灵敏度为0. 070,霉菌含量最低检出限为1. 5×10~1 cfu/g,分辨率为1. 5×10~1 cfu/g。表明此系统用于稻谷霉变检测具有一定的可行性,可为快速评价稻谷质量安全提供参考。
In this paper, an online detection system for grain mildew was designed based on wireless electronic nose considering such problems as complexity in operations with traditional method of mildew detection. This system consisted of detection device(including four MOS sensors), slave computer system and remote monitoring and control system of host computer, was capable of data acquisition, processing, display, transmission and storage, realize dynamic measurement, automatic cleaning function. The slave computer uses STM32 SCM systems to transmit data at a rate of 18 B/s when communicating with the host computer, with a packet loss of 0. The remote monitoring and control system of host computer can receive data of 128 circuits at most in polling. A mold concentration prediction model has been established by the rice mold test to optimize parameters using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. For the model,Rz, root mean square error, sensitivity, lowest limit of mold concentration and resolution were respectively 0. 983 7, 0. 204 9 lg( cfu/g), 0. 070, 1.5 ×10~1 cfu/g and 1.5 x 10~1 cfu/g. Thus making it applicable to detect whether there was grain mildew or not, providing reference for rapid evaluation of rice quality and safety.
In this paper, an online detection system for grain mildew was designed based on wireless electronic nose considering such problems as complexity in operations with traditional method of mildew detection. This system consisted of detection device(including four MOS sensors), slave computer system and remote monitoring and control system of host computer, was capable of data acquisition, processing, display, transmission and storage, realize dynamic measurement, automatic cleaning function. The slave computer uses STM32 SCM systems to transmit data at a rate of 18 B/s when communicating with the host computer, with a packet loss of 0. The remote monitoring and control system of host computer can receive data of 128 circuits at most in polling. A mold concentration prediction model has been established by the rice mold test to optimize parameters using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. For the model,Rz, root mean square error, sensitivity, lowest limit of mold concentration and resolution were respectively 0. 983 7, 0. 204 9 lg( cfu/g), 0. 070, 1.5 ×10~1 cfu/g and 1.5 x 10~1 cfu/g. Thus making it applicable to detect whether there was grain mildew or not, providing reference for rapid evaluation of rice quality and safety.
引文
[1]负婷婷.稻谷储藏中水分含量与霉变关系的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010,12YUAN Tingting. Study on the relationship between the moisture contents and mildew and rot of paddy during the storage time[D]. Huhehaote:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2010, 12
[2]雷玲,孙辉,姜薇莉,等.稻谷储存过程中品质变化研究[J].中国粮油学报,2009(12):101-106LEI L, SUN H, JIANG W L, et al. Quality changes of paddy during the storage in controlled environment[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2009,(12):101-106
[3]周建新,张瑞,王璐,等.储藏温度对稻谷微生物和脂肪酸值的影响研究[J].中国粮油学报,2011(01):92-95ZHOU J X, ZHANG R, WANG L,et al. Temperature influence on microorganism flora and fatty acid value of stored paddy under high humidity[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2011(1):92-95
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB/T 5009. 22-2003食品中黄曲霉毒素B_1的确定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004People's Republic of China Ministry of Health. GB/T5009. 22—2003 Determination of aflatoxin B_1 in foods[S].Standards Press of China, 2004
[5] RICHARD J L, LYON R L, FICHTNER R E, et al. Use of thin layer chromatography for detection and high performance liquid chromatography for quantitating gliotoxin from rice cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus fresenius.[J]. Mycopathologia, 1989,107(2-3):145-151
[6]SHOTWELL 0 L, HESSELTINE C W, STUBBLEFIELD R D,et,al. Production of aflatoxin on rice[J]. Applied Microbiolo gy, 1966,14(3):425-428
[7]杨琳,张宇昊,马良.高效液相色谱法同时检测粮谷中的黄曲霉毒素和赭曲霉毒素[J].食品科学,2010(24):250-254YANG L, ZHANG Y H, MA L. Simultaneous determination of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in cereal grains by High performance liquid chromatography[J]. Food Science, 2010(24):250-254
[8]徐重新,杨晶祎,陆梦晓,等.间接竞争时间分辨荧光免疫分析法检测稻米中Cry1C毒素[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(6):44-48XU C X, YANG J Y, LU M X,et al. Indirect competitive TRFIA method development for the determination of Cryl C toxin in rice[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2014, 37(6):44-48
[9]于慧春,王俊,张红梅,等.龙井茶叶品质的电子鼻检测方法[J].农业机械学报,2007(7):103-106YU H C, WANG J, ZHANG H M, et al. Measurement of the LongJing tea quality by using an electronic nose[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2007(7):103-106
[10]周亦斌,王俊.基于电子鼻的番茄成熟度及贮藏时间评价的研究[J].农业工程学报,2005(4):113-117ZHOU Y B, WANG J. Evaluation of maturity and shelf life of tomato using an electronic nose[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2005(4):113-117
[11]张红梅,王俊,叶盛,等.电子鼻传感器阵列优化与谷物霉变程度的检测[J].传感技术学报,2007(6):1207-1210ZHANG H M, WANG J, YE S, et al. Optimized of sensor array and detection of moldy degree for grain by electronic nose[J]. Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuaries, 2007(6):1207-1210
[12]张军,李小昱,王为,等.电子鼻检测鲢鱼新鲜度的试验参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(04):129-132+142ZHANG J, LI X Y, WANG W, et al. Optimization of experimental parameters for using electronic nose to evaluate fresh-ness of silver carp[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2009,40(04):129-132+142
[13]石志标,佟月英,陈东辉,等.牛肉新鲜度的电子鼻检测技术[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(11):184-188SHI Z B, TONG Y Y, CHEN D H, et al. Identification of beef freshness with electronic nose[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2009,40(11):184-188
[14] 0'CONNELL M,VALDORA G,PELTZER G,et al. A practical approach for fish freshness determinations using a portable electronic nose[J]. Sensors&Actuators B Chemical, 2001, 80(2):149-154
[15]WU L, YUAN C, LIN A, et al. Identification of Early Moldy Rice Samples by PCA and PNN[J]. Communications in Computer&Information Science, 2012, 288:506-514
[16] WANG N, ZHANG N, WANG M. Wireless sensors in agriculture and food industry--recent development and future perspective.[J]. Computers&Electronics in Agriculture,2006, 50(1):1-14
[17] KIM Y W,CHO J H,JEON G J. An intelligent wireless electronic nose node for monitoring gas mixtures using neuronfuzzy networks implemented on a microcontroller[C]//2007IEEE International Conference on Computation-al Intelligence for Measurement Systems and Applic; ations,2007:100-104
[18]CHO J H, KIM Y W, NA K J, et al. Wireless electronic nose system for real-time quantitative analysis of gas mixtures using micro-gas sensor array and neuro-fuzzy network[J]. Sensors&Actuators B Chemical, 2008,134(1):104-111
[19]陈新伟,王俊,沈睿谦.基于GPRS的远程检测无线电子鼻系统[J/OL].农业机械学报,2015,46(4):238-245CHEN X W, WANG J, SHEN R Q. Wirelesselectronic nose based on GPRS and its application on mangos[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(4):238-245
[20]黄汉英,金星,赵思明,等.稻米霉菌在线监测系统、建立方法及应用:CN201710302003.4[P].2017-08-01HUANG H Y, JIN X, ZHAO S M, et al. On line monitoring system, establishment method and application of rice mould:CN201710302003.4[P].2017-08-01
[21]曹俊,刘欣,陈文若,等.基于E-NOSE与SPME-GC/MS技术分析温湿度动态变化过程中稻谷的挥发性成分[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(1):142-160CAO J, LIU X, CHEN W R, et al. The volatile compositions from rice stored with dynamic temperature and humidity based on SPME-GC/MS and electronic nose(e-nose)technics[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017,50(1):142-160
[22]沈飞,吴启芳,魏颖琪,等.谷物霉菌挥发性物质的电子鼻与GC-MS检测研究[J].中国粮油学报,2016,31(07):148-152+156SHEN F, WU Q F, WEI Y Q, et al. Determination of free Amino liquid chromatography acids by high performance in corn gluten meal[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Associa-lion, 2016,31(07):148-152+156
[23]江沛.稻谷霉变过程挥发物质的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016,10JIANG Pei. Studies on the volatiles subtances released during paddy's molding process[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultur al University, 2016,10
[24]叶焕锋,姜周曙.GPRS通信性能检测系统[J].通信技术,2012,11(45):64-66YE H F, JIANG Z S. GPRS communication performance testing system[J]. Communications Technology, 2012, 11(45):64-66
[25]周建新,鞠兴荣,孙肖东,等.不同储藏条件下稻谷霉菌区系演替的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2008,23(5):133-136ZHOU J X, JU X R, SUN X D, et al. Succession of mould flora for paddy in different storage conditions[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2008,23(5):133-136
[26]张红梅.基于气体传感器阵列的几种农产品品质检测研究[D].浙江大学,2007ZHANG H M. Quality detection of several kinds of agricultural products based on gas sensor array[D]. Zhejing University, 2007
[27]耿旭.利用气体传感器监测储粮霉菌活动的研究[D].河南工业大学,2010GENG X. The studies on monitoring mold activity of storaged grin with gas sensor[D]. Henan University of Technology,2010
[28]刘鹏.花生有害霉菌污染的快速无损检测方法研究[D].南京林业大学,2017LIU Peng. Rapid Non-destructive Inspection of Hazard Fungal Contamination in Peanuts[D]. Nanjing Forestry University, 2017
[29]陈书旺,王军星,盛伟楠,等.Savitzky-Golay滤波器最优参数的SPR信号分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(4):1124-1128.CHEN S W, WANG J X, SHENG W N, et al. Analysis of SPR signal by using optimized Savitzky-Golay filter[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2015,35(4):1124-1128.
[2]雷玲,孙辉,姜薇莉,等.稻谷储存过程中品质变化研究[J].中国粮油学报,2009(12):101-106LEI L, SUN H, JIANG W L, et al. Quality changes of paddy during the storage in controlled environment[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2009,(12):101-106
[3]周建新,张瑞,王璐,等.储藏温度对稻谷微生物和脂肪酸值的影响研究[J].中国粮油学报,2011(01):92-95ZHOU J X, ZHANG R, WANG L,et al. Temperature influence on microorganism flora and fatty acid value of stored paddy under high humidity[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2011(1):92-95
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB/T 5009. 22-2003食品中黄曲霉毒素B_1的确定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004People's Republic of China Ministry of Health. GB/T5009. 22—2003 Determination of aflatoxin B_1 in foods[S].Standards Press of China, 2004
[5] RICHARD J L, LYON R L, FICHTNER R E, et al. Use of thin layer chromatography for detection and high performance liquid chromatography for quantitating gliotoxin from rice cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus fresenius.[J]. Mycopathologia, 1989,107(2-3):145-151
[6]SHOTWELL 0 L, HESSELTINE C W, STUBBLEFIELD R D,et,al. Production of aflatoxin on rice[J]. Applied Microbiolo gy, 1966,14(3):425-428
[7]杨琳,张宇昊,马良.高效液相色谱法同时检测粮谷中的黄曲霉毒素和赭曲霉毒素[J].食品科学,2010(24):250-254YANG L, ZHANG Y H, MA L. Simultaneous determination of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in cereal grains by High performance liquid chromatography[J]. Food Science, 2010(24):250-254
[8]徐重新,杨晶祎,陆梦晓,等.间接竞争时间分辨荧光免疫分析法检测稻米中Cry1C毒素[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(6):44-48XU C X, YANG J Y, LU M X,et al. Indirect competitive TRFIA method development for the determination of Cryl C toxin in rice[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2014, 37(6):44-48
[9]于慧春,王俊,张红梅,等.龙井茶叶品质的电子鼻检测方法[J].农业机械学报,2007(7):103-106YU H C, WANG J, ZHANG H M, et al. Measurement of the LongJing tea quality by using an electronic nose[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2007(7):103-106
[10]周亦斌,王俊.基于电子鼻的番茄成熟度及贮藏时间评价的研究[J].农业工程学报,2005(4):113-117ZHOU Y B, WANG J. Evaluation of maturity and shelf life of tomato using an electronic nose[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2005(4):113-117
[11]张红梅,王俊,叶盛,等.电子鼻传感器阵列优化与谷物霉变程度的检测[J].传感技术学报,2007(6):1207-1210ZHANG H M, WANG J, YE S, et al. Optimized of sensor array and detection of moldy degree for grain by electronic nose[J]. Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuaries, 2007(6):1207-1210
[12]张军,李小昱,王为,等.电子鼻检测鲢鱼新鲜度的试验参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(04):129-132+142ZHANG J, LI X Y, WANG W, et al. Optimization of experimental parameters for using electronic nose to evaluate fresh-ness of silver carp[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2009,40(04):129-132+142
[13]石志标,佟月英,陈东辉,等.牛肉新鲜度的电子鼻检测技术[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(11):184-188SHI Z B, TONG Y Y, CHEN D H, et al. Identification of beef freshness with electronic nose[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2009,40(11):184-188
[14] 0'CONNELL M,VALDORA G,PELTZER G,et al. A practical approach for fish freshness determinations using a portable electronic nose[J]. Sensors&Actuators B Chemical, 2001, 80(2):149-154
[15]WU L, YUAN C, LIN A, et al. Identification of Early Moldy Rice Samples by PCA and PNN[J]. Communications in Computer&Information Science, 2012, 288:506-514
[16] WANG N, ZHANG N, WANG M. Wireless sensors in agriculture and food industry--recent development and future perspective.[J]. Computers&Electronics in Agriculture,2006, 50(1):1-14
[17] KIM Y W,CHO J H,JEON G J. An intelligent wireless electronic nose node for monitoring gas mixtures using neuronfuzzy networks implemented on a microcontroller[C]//2007IEEE International Conference on Computation-al Intelligence for Measurement Systems and Applic; ations,2007:100-104
[18]CHO J H, KIM Y W, NA K J, et al. Wireless electronic nose system for real-time quantitative analysis of gas mixtures using micro-gas sensor array and neuro-fuzzy network[J]. Sensors&Actuators B Chemical, 2008,134(1):104-111
[19]陈新伟,王俊,沈睿谦.基于GPRS的远程检测无线电子鼻系统[J/OL].农业机械学报,2015,46(4):238-245CHEN X W, WANG J, SHEN R Q. Wirelesselectronic nose based on GPRS and its application on mangos[J]. Transactions of The Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(4):238-245
[20]黄汉英,金星,赵思明,等.稻米霉菌在线监测系统、建立方法及应用:CN201710302003.4[P].2017-08-01HUANG H Y, JIN X, ZHAO S M, et al. On line monitoring system, establishment method and application of rice mould:CN201710302003.4[P].2017-08-01
[21]曹俊,刘欣,陈文若,等.基于E-NOSE与SPME-GC/MS技术分析温湿度动态变化过程中稻谷的挥发性成分[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(1):142-160CAO J, LIU X, CHEN W R, et al. The volatile compositions from rice stored with dynamic temperature and humidity based on SPME-GC/MS and electronic nose(e-nose)technics[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017,50(1):142-160
[22]沈飞,吴启芳,魏颖琪,等.谷物霉菌挥发性物质的电子鼻与GC-MS检测研究[J].中国粮油学报,2016,31(07):148-152+156SHEN F, WU Q F, WEI Y Q, et al. Determination of free Amino liquid chromatography acids by high performance in corn gluten meal[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Associa-lion, 2016,31(07):148-152+156
[23]江沛.稻谷霉变过程挥发物质的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016,10JIANG Pei. Studies on the volatiles subtances released during paddy's molding process[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultur al University, 2016,10
[24]叶焕锋,姜周曙.GPRS通信性能检测系统[J].通信技术,2012,11(45):64-66YE H F, JIANG Z S. GPRS communication performance testing system[J]. Communications Technology, 2012, 11(45):64-66
[25]周建新,鞠兴荣,孙肖东,等.不同储藏条件下稻谷霉菌区系演替的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2008,23(5):133-136ZHOU J X, JU X R, SUN X D, et al. Succession of mould flora for paddy in different storage conditions[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2008,23(5):133-136
[26]张红梅.基于气体传感器阵列的几种农产品品质检测研究[D].浙江大学,2007ZHANG H M. Quality detection of several kinds of agricultural products based on gas sensor array[D]. Zhejing University, 2007
[27]耿旭.利用气体传感器监测储粮霉菌活动的研究[D].河南工业大学,2010GENG X. The studies on monitoring mold activity of storaged grin with gas sensor[D]. Henan University of Technology,2010
[28]刘鹏.花生有害霉菌污染的快速无损检测方法研究[D].南京林业大学,2017LIU Peng. Rapid Non-destructive Inspection of Hazard Fungal Contamination in Peanuts[D]. Nanjing Forestry University, 2017
[29]陈书旺,王军星,盛伟楠,等.Savitzky-Golay滤波器最优参数的SPR信号分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(4):1124-1128.CHEN S W, WANG J X, SHENG W N, et al. Analysis of SPR signal by using optimized Savitzky-Golay filter[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2015,35(4):1124-1128.