动静组合作用下岩爆相似材料力学特性研究
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摘要
以赣江细砂、水泥、石膏、水以及适量矿物质金属铝粉和铁粉为原材料,通过正交设计配制出了3种岩爆相似材料试件:普通、含铝粉、含铁粉岩爆相似材料试件。进行纯动态冲击试验和动静组合加载实验,探究不同配制材料及不同加载方式对岩爆相似材料力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:控制原材料的配比,能配制出具有较好岩爆性能的相似材料,添加适量的矿物质金属能提高相似材料的力学性能,且铁粉的效果较铝粉好;随着冲击气压的增大,动态抗压强度提高的幅度也随之增大,说明冲击气压越大,其添加的效果越好。不同加载方式对相似材料的力学性能也有较大影响,动静组合加载能明显提高相似材料的动态抗压强度,且抗压强度值随冲击气压增大而增大,为配制出更加符合工程实际情况的岩爆相似材料提供了试验基础。
Three kinds of rockburst similar materials are prepared, which are common similar material, aluminum powder, iron powder similar material by orthogonal design, with the Ganjiang River fine sand, cement, gypsum, water, aluminum powder and iron powder as raw material. The dynamic impact tests and static-dynamic combined loading tests were conducted to investigate the effects of different materials and different loading methods on the mechanical properties of rockburst similar materials. The experimental results show that the rockburst similar materials can be prepared by controlling the ratio of raw materials, the mechanical properties of the materials can be improved by adding appropriate mineral metals, and the effect of iron powder is better than that of aluminum powder. The dynamic compressive strength increases with the increase of the impact pressure, indicating that the greater the impact pressure, the better the effect of adding. Different loading methods also have great influence on the mechanical properties of rockburst similar materials, the static-dynamic combined loading can significantly improve the dynamic compressive strength, and the compressive strength increases with the increase of the impact pressure, which provides the experimental basis for the preparation of rockburst similar materials.
Three kinds of rockburst similar materials are prepared, which are common similar material, aluminum powder, iron powder similar material by orthogonal design, with the Ganjiang River fine sand, cement, gypsum, water, aluminum powder and iron powder as raw material. The dynamic impact tests and static-dynamic combined loading tests were conducted to investigate the effects of different materials and different loading methods on the mechanical properties of rockburst similar materials. The experimental results show that the rockburst similar materials can be prepared by controlling the ratio of raw materials, the mechanical properties of the materials can be improved by adding appropriate mineral metals, and the effect of iron powder is better than that of aluminum powder. The dynamic compressive strength increases with the increase of the impact pressure, indicating that the greater the impact pressure, the better the effect of adding. Different loading methods also have great influence on the mechanical properties of rockburst similar materials, the static-dynamic combined loading can significantly improve the dynamic compressive strength, and the compressive strength increases with the increase of the impact pressure, which provides the experimental basis for the preparation of rockburst similar materials.
引文
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[2] 唐礼忠,潘长良,谢学斌.深埋硬岩矿床岩爆控制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(7):1067-1071.
[3] 徐则民,黄润秋,范柱国,等.长大隧道岩爆灾害研究进展[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(2):16-24.
[4] 马天辉,唐春安,蔡明.岩爆分析、监测与控制[M].大连理工大学出版社,2014.
[5] 陈陆望,白世伟.脆性岩体岩爆倾向性的相似材料配比试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,S2:1050-1054.
[6] 李连贵,徐文胜,许迎年,等.岩爆模拟材料研制及模拟试验分析[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2001,29(6):80-82.
[7] Burgert W,Lippmann H.Models of translatory rock bursting in coal[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18(4):285-294.
[8] 陈文涛,宋春明,程婷婷,等.基于相似材料的岩爆模型实验及其能量释放机制[J].实验力学,2012,27(5):630-636.
[9] 潘一山,章梦涛,王来贵,等.地下硐室岩爆的相似材料模拟试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(4):49-56.
[10] 肖晓春,潘一山,吕祥锋,等.基于数字散斑技术的深部巷道围岩岩爆倾向相似材料试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(10):1629-1634.
[11] 刘瑞江,张业旺,闻崇炜,等.正交试验设计和分析方法研究[J].实验技术与管理,2010,27(9):52-55.
[12] 杨晓雨,郭保华,李振兴.物理模拟相似材料配比的正交试验研究[J].煤矿现代化,2014(4):62-65.
[13] 董金玉,杨继红,杨国香,等.基于正交设计的模型试验相似材料的配比试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(1):44-49.