矿集区找矿预测研究——以辽东青城子铅锌-金-银矿集区为例
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摘要
矿集区找矿预测有着不同于典型矿床和区域性成矿预测的规律和特点,是在厘定区内主要类型矿床的成因类型基础上,以"三位一体"(即成矿地质作用与成矿地质体、成矿构造与成矿结构面、成矿作用特征标志)和成矿系统为主要内容开展工作。文章以辽宁青城子铅锌-金-银矿集区为例,系统总结了矿集区的矿床类型、岩浆-成矿系统、"三位一体"找矿预测要素等关键科学问题。青城子矿集区是中国重要的铅锌-金-银矿集区,由于多年的开采,青城子等矿山濒临危机,如何取得该地区找矿突破,是一个亟待解决的问题。对前人研究成果分析表明,该矿集区内铅锌矿床和金、银矿床的成因类型可能均属于岩浆热液型,而非元古代喷流沉积型,矿床的"层控"现象实为特定岩性界面控制的有利成矿结构面;成矿作用主要与印支期花岗斑岩有关,铅锌矿和金、银矿可能是同一岩浆系统演化的产物。在未来的找矿预测中,应重点开展以下5方面工作:(1)查明矿床的具体成矿地质体;(2)进一步提炼成矿期构造控矿规律和成矿结构面样式;(3)凝练有效的成矿作用特征标志,重点是与成矿有关的远程蚀变标志;(4)构建和完善矿集区中生代岩浆-成矿系统,并注意新矿种、新矿床类型的寻找;(5)探索研究矿集区的自然边界,扩大找矿范围和深度。
The prospecting prediction of an ore concentration area shows different regularities and characteristics from single ore deposits and regional metallogenic prediction,and uses the " trinity" prospecting model( metallogenic geological processes and metallogenic geological bodies,metallogenic structure and metallogenic structural plane,and indicator of metallogenic characteristics) plus metallogenic system to carry out ore prospecting forecast on the basis of the determination of genetic types of ore deposits.With the Qingchengzi Pb-Zn-Au-Ag ore concentration area as an example,this paper summaries and discusses the genetic types of ore deposits,magma-metallogenic system and"trinity" prospecting model in the ore concentration area.The Qingchengzi area is an important large-scale polymetallic ore concentration area possessing Pb,Zn,Ag and Au deposits.However,the deposits have become resources crisis mines accompanied by the exploitation work.How to make new prospecting breakthrough in this area has become an urgent problem that should be solved as soon as possible.On the basis of the analysis of previous research achievements,the authors consider that the Pb-Zn,Au and Ag deposits in this ore concentration area might belong to magmatic hydrothermal type rather than Proterozoic SEDEX type deposits.The "stratabound" character is indeed the beneficial metallogenic structural plane which is controlled by lithologic interface.These deposits are related to Indosinian granite porphyry,and the Pb-Zn,Au and Ag deposits may belong to the same magmatic-metallogenic system.In the future,the prospecting prediction work should focus on the following five aspects:(1) Identifying the specific metallogenic geological bodies of the deposits;(2) Further refining the structural regularity and metallogenic structural plane type of the metallogenic epoch;(3) Condensing effective indicators of metallogenic characteristics,especially the remote alteration indicators related to mineralization;(4) Building and completing the Mesozoic magma-metallogenic system and paying more attention to the new mineral varieties and new deposit types;(5) Exploring the natural boundary of the ore concentration area to expand the prospecting area and depth.
The prospecting prediction of an ore concentration area shows different regularities and characteristics from single ore deposits and regional metallogenic prediction,and uses the " trinity" prospecting model( metallogenic geological processes and metallogenic geological bodies,metallogenic structure and metallogenic structural plane,and indicator of metallogenic characteristics) plus metallogenic system to carry out ore prospecting forecast on the basis of the determination of genetic types of ore deposits.With the Qingchengzi Pb-Zn-Au-Ag ore concentration area as an example,this paper summaries and discusses the genetic types of ore deposits,magma-metallogenic system and"trinity" prospecting model in the ore concentration area.The Qingchengzi area is an important large-scale polymetallic ore concentration area possessing Pb,Zn,Ag and Au deposits.However,the deposits have become resources crisis mines accompanied by the exploitation work.How to make new prospecting breakthrough in this area has become an urgent problem that should be solved as soon as possible.On the basis of the analysis of previous research achievements,the authors consider that the Pb-Zn,Au and Ag deposits in this ore concentration area might belong to magmatic hydrothermal type rather than Proterozoic SEDEX type deposits.The "stratabound" character is indeed the beneficial metallogenic structural plane which is controlled by lithologic interface.These deposits are related to Indosinian granite porphyry,and the Pb-Zn,Au and Ag deposits may belong to the same magmatic-metallogenic system.In the future,the prospecting prediction work should focus on the following five aspects:(1) Identifying the specific metallogenic geological bodies of the deposits;(2) Further refining the structural regularity and metallogenic structural plane type of the metallogenic epoch;(3) Condensing effective indicators of metallogenic characteristics,especially the remote alteration indicators related to mineralization;(4) Building and completing the Mesozoic magma-metallogenic system and paying more attention to the new mineral varieties and new deposit types;(5) Exploring the natural boundary of the ore concentration area to expand the prospecting area and depth.
引文
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