不同光照对油桐幼苗生长、光合日变化及叶绿素荧光参数的影响
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摘要
为探讨不同光照强度对油桐幼苗生长、叶片气体交换及叶绿体荧光参数的影响,采用盆栽试验,设置了4种光照条件光强度100%(L1)、光强度75%(L2)、光强度50%(L3)、光强度20%(L4),分别在遮阴2个月、3个月测定了幼苗的生长、叶绿素含量、光合日变化及叶绿素荧光参数的变化。结果表明:(1)在L3的透光条件下,油桐幼苗苗高显著增加,但地径随着遮阴强度的增加而逐渐降低(P<0.05);(2)随着光照强度的降低,叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)和叶绿素总量(Chl a+b)先增加后降低,说明适当的遮阴有利于叶绿素的合成;(3)随着光照强度的降低,油桐的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、表现光合电子传递速率(ETR)及蒸腾速率(Tr)逐渐减小,且在L3的透光条件下显著低于对照(P<0.05),胞间CO2浓度(Ci)无明显变化规律,在L2的透光条件下,Pn的降低主要是气孔因素引起的,在L3的透光条件下,Pn的降低主要是由气孔因素和非气孔因素共同引起的,而在L4的透光条件下,Pn的降低主要是由光合机构活性损伤的非气孔因素引起的。
To elucidate the matter distributions and gas exchange of leaves under different light intensity of tung tree seedlings, using pot experiment, set up four light conditions full light(L1), 75% light intensity(L2), 50% light intensity(L3), 20% light intensity(L4). We detected the changes of growth, chlorophyll content, diurnal variation and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of shade in 2 months, 3 months, respectively. Our detection shows that:(1)The growth of tung tree seedlings significantly increased under L3 shade condition, whereas the intense of shade induced contribute to diameter decreased(P < 0.05).(2)With lower levels of light, chlorophyll a(Chl a), chlorophyll b(Chl b) and total chlorophyll content(Chl a+b) increased at first and then decreased, indicating the appropriate shade was beneficial to the synthesis of chlorophyll.(3) With decreasing light intensity, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), the maximum PSII quantum yield of primary photochemistry(Fv/Fm), apparent photosynthesis rate(ETR) and transpiration rate(Tr) of tung tree decreases, and significantly lower than control(P < 0.05), whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) did not show significant differences were observed under the L3 light conditions. Pn reduced mainly caused by the stomatal factor under light conditions in L2; and Pn decreased because of stomatal and non-stomatal factors act together under the L3 light condition; whereas Pn is mainly reduced by the damage of photosynthetic activity by stomatal factors under L4 light conditions.
To elucidate the matter distributions and gas exchange of leaves under different light intensity of tung tree seedlings, using pot experiment, set up four light conditions full light(L1), 75% light intensity(L2), 50% light intensity(L3), 20% light intensity(L4). We detected the changes of growth, chlorophyll content, diurnal variation and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of shade in 2 months, 3 months, respectively. Our detection shows that:(1)The growth of tung tree seedlings significantly increased under L3 shade condition, whereas the intense of shade induced contribute to diameter decreased(P < 0.05).(2)With lower levels of light, chlorophyll a(Chl a), chlorophyll b(Chl b) and total chlorophyll content(Chl a+b) increased at first and then decreased, indicating the appropriate shade was beneficial to the synthesis of chlorophyll.(3) With decreasing light intensity, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), the maximum PSII quantum yield of primary photochemistry(Fv/Fm), apparent photosynthesis rate(ETR) and transpiration rate(Tr) of tung tree decreases, and significantly lower than control(P < 0.05), whereas the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) did not show significant differences were observed under the L3 light conditions. Pn reduced mainly caused by the stomatal factor under light conditions in L2; and Pn decreased because of stomatal and non-stomatal factors act together under the L3 light condition; whereas Pn is mainly reduced by the damage of photosynthetic activity by stomatal factors under L4 light conditions.
引文
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[10]梁曼曼,李惠,李寒,等.遮阴处理对‘绿岭’核桃品质及产量的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(3):174-178.
[11]何方,胡芳名.经济林栽培学[M].第2版.北京:中国林业出版社,2004:242-253.
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[13]黄莉雅,姚雪涛,黄晓露,等.油桐属2个物种的光合特性[J].广西林业科学,2013,42(3):241-244.
[14]Li Z,Tan X F,Lu K,et al.The effect of Ca Cl2,on calcium content,photosynthesis,and chlorophyll f luorescence of tung tree seedlings under drought conditions[J].Photosynthetica,2017,55(3):553-560.
[15]吕佳斌,谭晓风,李泽,等.油桐二代优树及控制授粉子代光合特性的比较研究[J].经济林研究,2016,34(4):7-13.
[16]李泽,谭晓风,卢锟,等.根外追肥对油桐幼苗生长、光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(2):40-44,49.
[17]李泽,谭晓风,袁军,等.4个油桐品种光合特性的日变化研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(25):12-15.
[18]李泽,谭晓风,卢锟,等.供镁水平对油桐幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(9):2440-2447.
[19]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定-丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.
[20]Arono D I.Copperenzy mesini so lated chloroplasts:Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris[J].Plant Physiology,1949(24):1-15.
[21]张守仁.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论[J].植物学通报,1999,16(4):444-448.
[22]高天鹏,郭睿,王东,等.保水剂与钾肥对旱地马铃薯产量和叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(5):1221-1226.
[23]Boardman N K.Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physioogy,1997(28):355-377.
[24]Goodwin T W.The biochemistry of Carotenoids[J].Plant,Chapman and Hall,1980,5(1):529.
[25]Liu Y Q,Sun X Y,Wang Y,et al.Effects of shades on the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Urtica dioica[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(8):3457-3464.
[26]Poorter L.Growth response of 15 rainforest tree species to alight gradient:The relative importance of morphological and physiological traits[J].Functional Ecology,2000(13):396-410.
[27]Gardiner E S,Hodges J D.Growth and biomass distributionof cherrybark oak(Quercus pagoda Raf)seedlings as in-fluenced by light availability[J].Forest Ecology and Man-agement,1998(108):127-134.
[28]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Physiology,1982(33):317-345.
[29]Maxwell K,Johnson G N.Chlorophyll fluorescence-a practical guide[J].Exp Bot,1998(51):659-668.
[30]Pererson R B,Sivak M N,Waiker D A.Relationship between steady-state fluorescence yield and photosynthetic efficiency in spinach leaf tissue[J].Plant Physiol,1988,88(1):158-163.
[31]Bj?rkman O,Demming B.Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77 K among vascular plants of diverse origins[J].Planta,1987(170):489-504.
[32]刘鹏,康华靖,张志详,等.香果树(Emmenopteryshenryi)幼苗生长特性和叶绿素荧光对不同光强的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(11):5656-5662.
[33]王楠,李芳东,叶金山.光强对杂交泡桐光合生理和荧光特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(11):3118-3124.
[2]张云,夏国华,马凯,等.遮阴对堇叶紫金牛光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):1940-1948.
[3]Chen B L,Yang H K,Ma Y N,et al.Effect of shading on yield,fiber quality and physiological characteristics of cotton subtending leaves on different fruiting positions[J].Photosynthetica,2017,55(2):240-250.
[4]陈菊艳,杨远庆,孙泉忠.不同光照处理对野扇花光合日变化的影响[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(21):243-249.
[5]安锋,林位夫.植物耐荫性研究的意义与现状[J].热带农业科学,2005,25(2):68-72.
[6]戴凌峰,崔令军,张志翔.遮阴处理对小桐子幼苗生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(14):5729-5731.
[7]马慧丽,吕德国.光照条件对‘寒富’苹果叶片结构和光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):1927-1932.
[8]王建华,任士福,史宝胜,等.遮阴对连翘光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(7):1811-1817.
[9]张聪颖,方炎明,姬红利,等.遮阴处理对红叶石楠和洒金桃叶珊瑚光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(7):1743-1749.
[10]梁曼曼,李惠,李寒,等.遮阴处理对‘绿岭’核桃品质及产量的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(3):174-178.
[11]何方,胡芳名.经济林栽培学[M].第2版.北京:中国林业出版社,2004:242-253.
[12]胡芳名,谭晓风,刘惠民.中国主要经济树种栽培与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
[13]黄莉雅,姚雪涛,黄晓露,等.油桐属2个物种的光合特性[J].广西林业科学,2013,42(3):241-244.
[14]Li Z,Tan X F,Lu K,et al.The effect of Ca Cl2,on calcium content,photosynthesis,and chlorophyll f luorescence of tung tree seedlings under drought conditions[J].Photosynthetica,2017,55(3):553-560.
[15]吕佳斌,谭晓风,李泽,等.油桐二代优树及控制授粉子代光合特性的比较研究[J].经济林研究,2016,34(4):7-13.
[16]李泽,谭晓风,卢锟,等.根外追肥对油桐幼苗生长、光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(2):40-44,49.
[17]李泽,谭晓风,袁军,等.4个油桐品种光合特性的日变化研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(25):12-15.
[18]李泽,谭晓风,卢锟,等.供镁水平对油桐幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(9):2440-2447.
[19]张宪政.植物叶绿素含量测定-丙酮乙醇混合液法[J].辽宁农业科学,1986(3):26-28.
[20]Arono D I.Copperenzy mesini so lated chloroplasts:Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris[J].Plant Physiology,1949(24):1-15.
[21]张守仁.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论[J].植物学通报,1999,16(4):444-448.
[22]高天鹏,郭睿,王东,等.保水剂与钾肥对旱地马铃薯产量和叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(5):1221-1226.
[23]Boardman N K.Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physioogy,1997(28):355-377.
[24]Goodwin T W.The biochemistry of Carotenoids[J].Plant,Chapman and Hall,1980,5(1):529.
[25]Liu Y Q,Sun X Y,Wang Y,et al.Effects of shades on the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Urtica dioica[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(8):3457-3464.
[26]Poorter L.Growth response of 15 rainforest tree species to alight gradient:The relative importance of morphological and physiological traits[J].Functional Ecology,2000(13):396-410.
[27]Gardiner E S,Hodges J D.Growth and biomass distributionof cherrybark oak(Quercus pagoda Raf)seedlings as in-fluenced by light availability[J].Forest Ecology and Man-agement,1998(108):127-134.
[28]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Physiology,1982(33):317-345.
[29]Maxwell K,Johnson G N.Chlorophyll fluorescence-a practical guide[J].Exp Bot,1998(51):659-668.
[30]Pererson R B,Sivak M N,Waiker D A.Relationship between steady-state fluorescence yield and photosynthetic efficiency in spinach leaf tissue[J].Plant Physiol,1988,88(1):158-163.
[31]Bj?rkman O,Demming B.Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77 K among vascular plants of diverse origins[J].Planta,1987(170):489-504.
[32]刘鹏,康华靖,张志详,等.香果树(Emmenopteryshenryi)幼苗生长特性和叶绿素荧光对不同光强的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(11):5656-5662.
[33]王楠,李芳东,叶金山.光强对杂交泡桐光合生理和荧光特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(11):3118-3124.