高温花岗岩遇水冷却后可钻性试验研究
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摘要
快速冷却作用下花岗岩可钻性的研究,对提高干热岩坚硬研磨性地层的钻进效率具有重要意义。以花岗岩为研究对象,对不同温度(室温至600℃)遇水冷却后的岩样进行了压入硬度试验、摩擦磨损试验和室内微钻试验。试验结果表明:高温与快速冷却对花岗岩的可钻性产生了显著影响,可钻性上升明显;冷却后的岩样压入硬度减小,塑性系数增大,但600℃的花岗岩仍然处于低塑性阶段;摩擦磨损试验下对磨件胎体与岩样失重量随温度升高逐渐增大,花岗岩的研磨性越来越强;微钻试验下钻进速度加速增大,300℃前后的上升幅度分别为22.5%,110%,这是岩石力学性质劣化、结构破坏的突出反映。试验结果可以为干热岩等中深层地热钻井施工过程中的破岩和钻井技术提供理论指导。
The study of the drillability of granite under rapid cooling is of great significance to improve the drilling efficiency of hard and abrasive formation of hot dry rocks. Taking granite as the research object, this paper analyses the different temperature(room temperature to 600℃) in the sample after water cooling in the hardness test, friction and wear test and indoor micro drilling test. The experimental results show that high temperature and rapid cooling have significant effects on the drillability of granite, and the drillability increases obviously. After cooling the sample hardness decreases, and plastic coefficient increases, but at 600℃, the granite still remains in the stage of low plasticity. In the friction and wear test, the weight loss of the tire body and rock sample increased gradually with the increase of temperature. The increase of drilling speed accelerated under micro drilling test, before and after 300℃ rising 22.5% and 110%, respectively. This is the nature of rock mechanics and degradation, and the prominent reflection of structural failure. The experimental results can provide theoretical guidance for rock breaking and drilling technology in the process of the middle and deep geothermal drilling, such as hot dry rock drilling.
The study of the drillability of granite under rapid cooling is of great significance to improve the drilling efficiency of hard and abrasive formation of hot dry rocks. Taking granite as the research object, this paper analyses the different temperature(room temperature to 600℃) in the sample after water cooling in the hardness test, friction and wear test and indoor micro drilling test. The experimental results show that high temperature and rapid cooling have significant effects on the drillability of granite, and the drillability increases obviously. After cooling the sample hardness decreases, and plastic coefficient increases, but at 600℃, the granite still remains in the stage of low plasticity. In the friction and wear test, the weight loss of the tire body and rock sample increased gradually with the increase of temperature. The increase of drilling speed accelerated under micro drilling test, before and after 300℃ rising 22.5% and 110%, respectively. This is the nature of rock mechanics and degradation, and the prominent reflection of structural failure. The experimental results can provide theoretical guidance for rock breaking and drilling technology in the process of the middle and deep geothermal drilling, such as hot dry rock drilling.
引文
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[15] 郤保平,赵阳升.600℃内高温状态花岗岩遇水冷却后力学特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):892-898.
[2] 窦斌,高辉,周刚,等.我国发展增强型地热开采技术所面临的机遇与挑战[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(5):208-210.
[3] 靳佩桦,胡耀青,邵继喜,等.急剧冷却后花岗岩物理力学及渗透性质试验研究[J/OL].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(11):2556-2564.
[4] Siratovich P A,Sass I,Homuth S,et al.Thermal stimulation of geothermal reservoirs and laboratory investigation of thermally induced fractures[J].Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council,2011,35(10):1529-1535.
[5] Siratovich P A,Villeneuve M C,Cole J W,et al.Saturated heating and quenching of three crustal rocks and implications for thermal stimulation of permeability in geothermal reservoirs[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2015,80:265-280.
[6] Kumari W G P,Ranjith P G,Perera M S A,et al.Experimental investigation of quenching effect on mechanical,microstructural and flow characteristics of reservoir rocks:Thermal stimulation method for geothermal energy extraction[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2018,162:419-433.
[7] 吴海东.高温条件下金刚石钻头钻进试验研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.
[8] 赵阳升,郤保平,万志军,等.高温高压下花岗岩中钻孔变形失稳临界条件研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(5):865-874.
[9] 李春山,李伟,何亚彬.利用岩屑元素含量评价岩石可钻性方法研究[J].钻采工艺,2018,41(4):25-26,6.
[10] Zhang H,Guo B,Gao D,et al.Effects of rock properties and temperature differential in laboratory experiments on underbalanced drilling[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,2016,83:248-251.
[11] 林敏,陈红,杨迎新,等.岩石可钻性微钻头结构的分析与改进研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(3):23-25,41,8.
[12] 赵金昌,万志军,李义,等.高温高压条件下花岗岩切削破碎试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1432-1438.
[13] 黄真萍,张义,吴伟达.遇水冷却的高温大理岩力学与波动特性分析[J].岩土力学,2016,37(2):367-375.
[14] 陈国飞,杨圣奇.高温后大理岩力学性质及其破坏规律研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(8):189-196.
[15] 郤保平,赵阳升.600℃内高温状态花岗岩遇水冷却后力学特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):892-898.