培养北虫草子实体与野生冬虫夏草子实体主要活性成分比较
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摘要
目的:比较和评价培养北虫草子实体与野生冬虫夏草子实体的特征性化学活性成分。方法:运用现代化学分析技术,对人工低温培养的北虫草的子实体与野生冬虫夏草的主要化学成分虫草酸、虫草多糖、腺苷、超氧化物岐化酶、氨基酸组分等进行了比较分析。结果:培养北虫草子实体中虫草素含量(12.700±0.544) g/kg,为野生冬虫夏草子实体的302倍,腺苷含量为(0.037%±0.010)%,为野生冬虫夏草子实体的1.42倍,虫草多糖(5.680%±1.500%)高于野生冬虫夏草46%。培养北虫草子实体中可溶性蛋白总量(34.200%±8.090%)为野生虫草的1.31倍,且SOD活性达1616 U/g,但野生冬虫夏草中SOD活性极低。氨基酸分析结果显示,培养北虫草子实体中具有17种必需氨基酸,除甘氨酸和甲硫氨酸外,其它氨基酸含量均高于野生冬虫夏草子实体。结论:人工培养北虫草子实体,具有高含量活性成分,可以深度开发替代野生冬虫夏草作为药用材料和食品保健开发。
Objective: To characterize and evaluate main active chemical components of cultured Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis. Methods: The fruiting body of Cordyceps acid, Cordyceps polysaccharide,adenosine, superoxide dismutase, amino acid were analyzed in cultured Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis, with modern analysis technology. Results: The cordycepin content in fruiting body of cultured C.militaris was(12.700±0.544) g/kg, which was 302 folds of natural fruiting body of C. sinensis. Adenosine content of cultured C. militar was(0.037±0.010)%, which was 1.42 fold that in natural fruiting body of C. sinensis and polysaccharide content(5.680% ±1.500%) was also increased 46% in C. militaris. Moreover, the total soluble protein in fruiting body of cultured C. militaris(34.200%±8.090%) was 1.31 times that of natural fruiting body of C. sinensis and contained higher active SOD(1616 U/g), however, SOD activity is quite low in C. sinensis.Amino acid analysis data showed that the fruiting body of cultured C. militaris has 17 types of amino acids,except glycine and methionine, the other amino acids content was higher than that of wild C. sinensis.Conclusion: The fruiting body of culture C. militaris has the higher active components and could replace C.sinensis to be exploited further as the medicinal material or food healthy product.
Objective: To characterize and evaluate main active chemical components of cultured Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis. Methods: The fruiting body of Cordyceps acid, Cordyceps polysaccharide,adenosine, superoxide dismutase, amino acid were analyzed in cultured Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis, with modern analysis technology. Results: The cordycepin content in fruiting body of cultured C.militaris was(12.700±0.544) g/kg, which was 302 folds of natural fruiting body of C. sinensis. Adenosine content of cultured C. militar was(0.037±0.010)%, which was 1.42 fold that in natural fruiting body of C. sinensis and polysaccharide content(5.680% ±1.500%) was also increased 46% in C. militaris. Moreover, the total soluble protein in fruiting body of cultured C. militaris(34.200%±8.090%) was 1.31 times that of natural fruiting body of C. sinensis and contained higher active SOD(1616 U/g), however, SOD activity is quite low in C. sinensis.Amino acid analysis data showed that the fruiting body of cultured C. militaris has 17 types of amino acids,except glycine and methionine, the other amino acids content was higher than that of wild C. sinensis.Conclusion: The fruiting body of culture C. militaris has the higher active components and could replace C.sinensis to be exploited further as the medicinal material or food healthy product.
引文
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[23]肖远灿,胡风祖,董琦,等.青海玉树不同产地冬虫夏草中15种核苷类成分比较研究[J].中国药学杂志,2014,49(2):1983-1988.
[24]国家药典委员会.中国药典[M].北京:国家药典委员会,2015:115.
[25]叶日英,王雅玲,侯宏伟,等.蝼蛄虫草的虫体与草体中核苷、虫草酸及氨基酸含量比较[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(5):824-830.
[2]韩发,程大志,周明辉,等.中国虫草的现代研发与应用[M].西宁:青海科技出版社,2009:68-88.
[3]沈南英,曾璐,张显耻.虫草菌真菌的分离[J].食用菌,1983(5):1-3.
[4]陈庆涛,肖生荣,施至用.中国拟青霉新种与虫草的关系[J].真菌学报,1984,3(1):24-28.
[5]梁宗琦,刘爱英,刘杰麟.虫草属一新种及其绿僵菌无性型[J].真菌学报,1991,10(3):172-180.
[6]刘锡进,郭英兰,俞永倍,等.分离鉴定虫草无性系[J].真菌学报,1989,8(1):35-40.
[7]倪贺,李海航,黄文芳,等.北虫草及其活性成分的研究与开发[J].科技导报,2007(25):75-79.
[8]董彩虹,李文佳,李增智,等.我国虫草产业发展现状、问题及展望---虫草产业发展金湖宣言[J].菌物学报,2016,35(1):1-15.
[9]游明乐.发酵虫草菌质与天然虫草主要活性成分含量比较[J].生物技术通报,2009,25(2):129-131.
[10]陈畅,罗珊珊,孙迎节,等.3种虫草抗氧化活性研究[J].中国生化药物杂志,2004,25(4):212-214.
[11]李忠红,胡浩彬,杜冠华.天然虫草和人工虫草菌丝体的抗氧化活性比较研究[J].中国医药导报,2008,5(16):13-16.
[13]程俊丽,马玉良,冯翠萍.北虫草和北虫草根成分测定及水提液的抗氧化活性[J].中国药物与临床,2014,14(5):602-604.
[14]王奇,薛阳.天然虫草和人工虫草菌丝体的抗氧化活性比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(20):8649-8722.
[15]隋新,李飞,王莹.蛹虫草多糖抗氧化活性的研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(22):206-209.
[16]胡贤达,周菲,黄雪,等.冬虫夏草中虫草多糖的药理研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2016,22(6):224-229.
[17]刘春泉,李大婧,刘荣.硫酸蒽酮法测定蛹虫草中多糖[J].江苏农业科学,2006,34(2):122-124.
[18]杨青,冯立,褚征,等.两种加工方法获得北虫草粉中有效成分比较[J].时珍国医国药,2008,19(7):1579-1577.
[19]彭慧超,程大志,王爱珍,等.冬虫夏草培养子实体ITS,5.8S的分析及系统发育研究[J].生物技术通报,2010(7):128-133.
[20]付佳明.蛹虫草产类胡萝卜素的研究[J].食品与生物技术学报,2005,24(5):107-110.
[21]李雪芹,张磊,熊功友.比色法与容量法测定冬虫夏草中甘露醇含量比较研究[J].九江医学,1998,13(4):200-203.
[22]刘芳,李帅,高剑,等.不同培养基配方对北虫草中蛋白质和氨基酸含量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2015(12):15-18.
[23]肖远灿,胡风祖,董琦,等.青海玉树不同产地冬虫夏草中15种核苷类成分比较研究[J].中国药学杂志,2014,49(2):1983-1988.
[24]国家药典委员会.中国药典[M].北京:国家药典委员会,2015:115.
[25]叶日英,王雅玲,侯宏伟,等.蝼蛄虫草的虫体与草体中核苷、虫草酸及氨基酸含量比较[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(5):824-830.