子汇水区划分精度对SWMM模拟城市非点源的影响
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摘要
SWMM作为动态模拟的城市非点源污染模型,被广泛应用于城市非点源负荷估算研究,并在很多小尺度研究中取得了很好的效果。随着中国城市发展不断加快,城市非点源污染研究的空间尺度也随之变大,如何科学合理选择建模时子汇水区划分精度成为研究中一个重要问题。文章主要分析SWMM应用于城市区域非点源污染模拟时,不同子汇水区划分精度对水质模拟结果的影响,并在此基础上,以降低SWMM建模工作量并保证模拟结果的准确度为原则,对如何选择子汇水区的精度进行了深入的探讨。结果表明事件降雨为降雨输入时,子汇水区划分精度对水质模拟结果影响较大,宜采用高精度或高中精度模型;单月份和雨季连续降雨为降雨输入时,子汇水区划分精度对水质模拟结果影响较小,可以使用低精度模型。
As a dynamic urban non-point source pollution model,SWMM is widely used in the estimation of urban nonpoint source load. With the increasing scale of the study area,how to choose a scientific and rational sub-catchment division precision has become a problem in the study. The effects on water quality modeling results of different sub-catchment division precision were analyzed,when SWMM applied to urban non-point source pollution modeling. Results indicated that with event rainfall as the rainfall input,the precision of the sub-catchment division has greater impact on water quality simulation results;while with single month or rainy season as the rainfall input,the precision of sub-catchment division has less impact on water quality simulation results.
As a dynamic urban non-point source pollution model,SWMM is widely used in the estimation of urban nonpoint source load. With the increasing scale of the study area,how to choose a scientific and rational sub-catchment division precision has become a problem in the study. The effects on water quality modeling results of different sub-catchment division precision were analyzed,when SWMM applied to urban non-point source pollution modeling. Results indicated that with event rainfall as the rainfall input,the precision of the sub-catchment division has greater impact on water quality simulation results;while with single month or rainy season as the rainfall input,the precision of sub-catchment division has less impact on water quality simulation results.
引文
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[17]边博.前期晴天时间对城市降雨径流污染水质的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(12):3522-3526.
[18]马晓宇,朱元励,梅琨,等.SWMM模型应用于城市住宅区非点源污染负荷模拟计算[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(1):95-102.Ma Xiaoyu,Zhu Yuanli,Mei Kun,et al.Application of SWMM in the simulation of non-point source pollution load in urban residential area[J].Research of Environmental Science,2012,25(1):95-102.(in Chinese)
[2]王军霞,唐桂刚,罗彬,等.城市面源污染物排放量监测技术方法研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(8):54-58.Wang Junxia,Tang Guigang,Luo Bin,et al.Methods of urban non-point source pollutant emissions monitoring[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,36(8):54-58.(in Chin-ese)
[3]李春林,胡远满,刘淼,等.城市非点源污染研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):492-500.Li Chunlin,Hu Yuanman,Liu Miao,et al.Urban non-point source pollution:research progress[J].Journal of Ecology,2013,32(2):492-500.(in Chinese)
[4]侯培强,王效科,郑飞翔,等.我国城市面源污染特征的研究现状[J].给水排水,2009,35(S).Hou Peiqiang,Wang Xiaoke,Zheng Feixiang,et al.Research on the urban non-point source pollution in China[J].Water Supply and Sewerage,2009,35(S).(in Chinese)
[5]王龙,黄跃飞,王光谦.城市非点源污染模型研究进展[J].环境科学,2010,31(10):2532-2540.Wang Long,Huang Yuefei,Wang Guangqian.Review of urban nonpoint source pollution models[J].Environmental Science,2010,31(10):2532-2540.(in Chinese)
[6]王慧亮,孙志琢,李叙勇,等.非点源污染负荷模型的比较与选择[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(5):176-182.Wang Huiliang,Sun Zhizhuo,Li Xuyong,et al.Comparison and selection among nonpoint pollution models[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,36(5):176-182.(in Chinese)
[7]Rossman L A.Stormwater Management Model User's Manual,Version 5.0[R].National Risk Management Research Laboratory,Office of Research and Development,US Environmental Protection Agency,2010.
[8]郝芳华,张雪松,程红光,等.分布式水文模型亚流域合理划分水平刍议[J].水土保持学报,2004,17(4):75-78.Hao Fanghua,Zhang Xuesong,Cheng Hongguang,et al.Discussion on reasonable subdivision level of watershed for distributed hydrologic model[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,17(4):75-78.(in Chinese)
[9]张雪松,郝芳华,程红光,等.亚流域划分对分布式水文模型模拟结果的影响[J].水利学报,2004(7):119-123.Zhang Xuesong,Hao Fanghua,Cheng Hongguang,et al.Influence of subdivision of watershed on distributed hydrological model[J].Journal of Water Conservancy,2004(7):119-123.(in Chinese)
[10]Carpenter T M,Georgakakos K P.Discretization scale dependencie s of the ensemble flow range versus catchment area relationship in distributed hydrologic modeling[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,328(1):242-257.
[11]Rodriguez-Hernandez J,Fernández-Barrera A H,AndrésValeri V C A,et al.Relationship between urban runoff pollutant and catchment characteristics[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,2013,139(10):833-840.
[12]Fletcher T D,Andrieu H,Hamel P.Understanding,management and modelling of urban hydrology and its consequences for receiving waters:a state of the art[J].Advances in Water Resources,2013,51:261-279.
[13]赵冬泉,陈吉宁,佟庆远,等.子汇水区的划分对SWMM模拟结果的影响研究[J].环境保护,2008(8):56-59.Zhao Dongquan,Chen Jining,Tong Qingyuan,et al.Effects of sub-catchment size delineation on SWMM simulation results[J].Environmental Protection,2008(8):56-59.(in Chinese)
[14]Mazion Jr E,Yen B C.Computational discretization effect on rainfall-runoff simulation[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,1994,120(5):715-734.
[15]Huber W C,Dickinson R E,Barnwell T O.Stormwater Management Model,Version 4:User's Manual[R].Environmental Research Laboratory,Office of Research and Development,US Environmental Protection Agency,1988.
[16]吴建立.低影响开发雨水利用典型措施评估及其应用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.
[17]边博.前期晴天时间对城市降雨径流污染水质的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(12):3522-3526.
[18]马晓宇,朱元励,梅琨,等.SWMM模型应用于城市住宅区非点源污染负荷模拟计算[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(1):95-102.Ma Xiaoyu,Zhu Yuanli,Mei Kun,et al.Application of SWMM in the simulation of non-point source pollution load in urban residential area[J].Research of Environmental Science,2012,25(1):95-102.(in Chinese)