基于电压源型换流器的多端直流配电系统降阶小信号模型
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摘要
含电压源型换流器(voltage source converter,VSC)的多端直流配电系统集成度高,电力电子装置数量较多,这导致系统小信号模型的阶数较高,从而增加了系统稳定性分析及全局控制器设计的难度。鉴于此,提出了一种新型的多端直流(multi terminal DC,MTDC)系统降阶小信号模型。首先,文章对VSC进行了参与因子分析,辨识了与直流电压主导运动模态呈高相关性的状态变量。以此为基础,基于瞬时功率理论推导出一种新型VSC降阶模型。基于该模型,文章建立了多端直流配电系统的降阶小信号模型。最后,文章将所建立的多端直流配电系统降阶模型与传统降阶模型及电磁暂态模型进行了对比分析。结果表明:相对于传统的降阶小信号模型而言,文中所提出的系统模型能够更精确地评估系统的稳定性。
Voltage source converter(VSC) based multi-terminal DC(MTDC) power distribution system has high integration degree and a large number of power electronic devices. This makes order of system small signal model high,and increases difficulty of system stability analysis and global controller design. Aiming at these problems, a new reduced-order small signal model of MTDC system is proposed in this paper. Firstly, participation factor analysis of power electronic transformer is conducted, and the state variables highly correlated with DC voltage dominant mode are identified. On this basis, a new VSC reduced-order model is derived based on instantaneous power theory. Based on this model, a reduced-order small signal model of MTDC distribution system is established. Finally, comparison of the reduced-order model of MTDC power distribution system with traditional reduced-order model and electromagnetic transient model is conducted. Results show that the proposed reduced-order model can more accurately assess system stability.
Voltage source converter(VSC) based multi-terminal DC(MTDC) power distribution system has high integration degree and a large number of power electronic devices. This makes order of system small signal model high,and increases difficulty of system stability analysis and global controller design. Aiming at these problems, a new reduced-order small signal model of MTDC system is proposed in this paper. Firstly, participation factor analysis of power electronic transformer is conducted, and the state variables highly correlated with DC voltage dominant mode are identified. On this basis, a new VSC reduced-order model is derived based on instantaneous power theory. Based on this model, a reduced-order small signal model of MTDC distribution system is established. Finally, comparison of the reduced-order model of MTDC power distribution system with traditional reduced-order model and electromagnetic transient model is conducted. Results show that the proposed reduced-order model can more accurately assess system stability.
引文
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[12]丁媛媛,刘天琪,李保宏,等.基于等效解耦过程的交直流协调控制鲁棒稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):1951-1956.Ding Yuanyuan,Liu Tianqi,Li Baohong,et al.Research on coordinated control robust stability index of HVDC and PSSsupplementary damping control based on effective open-loop process theorem[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):1951-1956(in Chinese).
[13]张怀天,荆龙,吴学智,等.用于交直流配电网的模块化多电平换流器分序补偿控制策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):254-261.Zhang Huaitian,Jing Long,Wu Xuezhi,et al.Sequence decomposition and compensation control strategy of MMC for ACand DC distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):254-261(in Chinese).
[14]吴金龙,刘欣和,王先为,等.多端柔性直流输电系统直流电压混合控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1593-1599.Wu Jinlong,Liu Xinhe,Wang Xianwei,et al.Research of DC voltage hybrid control strategy for VSC-MTDC system[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1593-1599(in Chinese).
[15]Ye Y,Kazerani M,Quintana V H.A novel modeling and control method for three-phase PWM converters[C]//Power Electronics Specialists Conference.PESC.2001 IEEE 32nd Annual.IEEE,2001:102-107.
[16]郑超,周孝信.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电小信号动态建模及其阻尼控制器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):7-12.Zheng Chao,Zhou Xiaoxin.Small signal dynamic modeling and damping controller designing for VSC based HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(2):7-12(in Chinese).
[17]杨洁,刘开培,王旭东,等.向无源网络供电的双端柔性直流输电系统小信号稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2400-2408.Yang Jie,Liu Kaipei,Wang Xudong.Small signal stability analysis of VSC-HVSC applied to passive network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2400-2408(in Chinese).
[18]Adam G P,Ahmed K H,Finney S J,et al.Generalized modeling of DC grid for stability studies[C]//Power Engineering,Energy and Electrical Drives(POWERENG),2013 Fourth International Conference on.IEEE,2013:1168-1174.
[19]鲁晓军,林卫星,文劲宇,等.直流电网模块式小信号建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(11):2880-2889.Lu Xiaojun,Lin Weixing,Wen Jingyu.Modularized small signal modelling method for DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(11):2880-2889(in Chinese).
[20]Li L,Pei W,Deng W,et al.Analysis and damping control of DCvoltage oscillation in AC/DC hybrid distribution system[C]//Energy Internet and Energy System Integration(EI2),2017 IEEE Conference on.IEEE,2017:1-6.
[21]郭力,冯怿彬,李霞林,等.直流微电网稳定性分析及阻尼控制方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):927-936.Guo Li,Feng Yibin,Li Xialin,et al.Stability analysis and research of active damping method for DC microgrids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):927-936(in Chinese).
[22]Magne P,Nahid-Mobarakeh B,Pierfederici S.General active global stabilization of multiloads DC-power networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(4):1788-1798.
[23]李云丰,汤广福,吴亚楠,等.直流电网建模分析与阻尼控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3372-3382.Li Yunfeng,Tang Guangfu,Wu Yanan,et al.Modeling,analysis and damping control of DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3372-3382(in Chinese).
[24]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[25]Zhou J Z,Ding H,Fan S,et al.Impact of short-circuit ratio and phaselocked-loop parameters on the small-signal behavior of a VSC-HVDCconverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2287-2296.
[26]王锡凡,方万良,杜正春.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[27]Pinares G,Bongiorno M.Analysis and mitigation of instabilities originated from DC-side resonances in VSC-HVDC systems[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2016,52(4):2807-2815.
[28]Rosado S P.Voltage stability and control in autonomous electric power systems with variable frequency[D].Virginia Tech,2007.
[29]Sun J.Autonomous local control and stability analysis of multiterminal DC systems[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(4):1078-1089.
[2]马钊,焦在滨,李蕊.直流配电网络架构与关键技术[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3348-3357.Ma Zhao,Jiao Zaibing,Li Rui.Network structure and key technologies of DC distribution system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3348-3357(in Chinese).
[3]林刚,李勇,王姿雅,等.低压直流配电系统谐振机理分析与有源抑制方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3358-3364.Lin Gang,Li Yong,Wang Ziya,et al.Resonance mechanism analysis and its active damping supression of LVDC distribution system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3358-3364(in Chinese).
[4]贾科,李猛,毕天姝,等.柔性直流配电线路能量分布差动保护[J].电网技术,2017,41(9):3058-3065.Jia Ke,Li Meng,Bi Tianshu,et al.Energy distribution-based differential protection for VSC-DC distribution lines[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(9):3058-3065(in Chinese).
[5]林芳雯,吴俊勇,郝亮亮.基于视在伪阻抗辨识的直流配电电缆单端在线故障定位方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2555-2561.Lin Fangwen,Wu Junyong,Hao Liangliang.One-terminal on-line fault location method for DC distribution cable based on apparent pseudo-impedance identification[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2555-2561(in Chinese).
[6]王渝红,阳莉汶,江伟,等.直流电网联网设备与控制策略研究综述[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):12-24.Wang Yuhong,Yang Liwen,Jiang Wei,et al.Review on equipment and control strategies of DC power grid[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):12-24(in Chinese).
[7]付强,杜文娟,王海风.多端柔性直流接入对交流系统功角稳定性的影响[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):34-40.Fu Qiang,Du Wenjuan,Wang Haifeng.Angular stability of power systems integrated with VSC-MTDC grid[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):34-40(in Chinese).
[8]贾文鹏,吴俊勇,郝亮亮,等.一种应用于多端柔性直流系统的新型潮流控制器[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1073-1080.Jia Wenpeng,Wu Junyong,Hao Liangliang,et al.A novel DC power flow controller for multi-terminal flexible DC system[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1073-1080(in Chinese).
[9]孙黎霞,陈宇,宋洪刚,等.适用于VSC-MTDC的改进直流电压下垂控制策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1037-1043.Sun Lixia,Chen Yu,Song Honggang,et al.Improved voltage droop control strategy for VSC-MTDC[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1037-1043(in Chinese).
[10]陈朋,李梅航,严兵,等.适用于多端柔性直流输电系统的灵活下垂控制策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3433-3439.Chen Peng,Li Meihang,Yan Bing,et al.Flexible droop control strategy for VSC-MTDC systems[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(11):3433-3439(in Chinese).
[11]刘嘉超,袁志昌,李岩,等.柔性直流技术在负荷中心分网运行的应用[J].电网技术,2016,40(3):683-688.Liu Jiachao,Yuan Zhichang,Li Yan,et al.Application of VSC-HVDCtechnology in synchronous system segmentation of load center[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(3):683-688(in Chinese).
[12]丁媛媛,刘天琪,李保宏,等.基于等效解耦过程的交直流协调控制鲁棒稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):1951-1956.Ding Yuanyuan,Liu Tianqi,Li Baohong,et al.Research on coordinated control robust stability index of HVDC and PSSsupplementary damping control based on effective open-loop process theorem[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):1951-1956(in Chinese).
[13]张怀天,荆龙,吴学智,等.用于交直流配电网的模块化多电平换流器分序补偿控制策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):254-261.Zhang Huaitian,Jing Long,Wu Xuezhi,et al.Sequence decomposition and compensation control strategy of MMC for ACand DC distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):254-261(in Chinese).
[14]吴金龙,刘欣和,王先为,等.多端柔性直流输电系统直流电压混合控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1593-1599.Wu Jinlong,Liu Xinhe,Wang Xianwei,et al.Research of DC voltage hybrid control strategy for VSC-MTDC system[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1593-1599(in Chinese).
[15]Ye Y,Kazerani M,Quintana V H.A novel modeling and control method for three-phase PWM converters[C]//Power Electronics Specialists Conference.PESC.2001 IEEE 32nd Annual.IEEE,2001:102-107.
[16]郑超,周孝信.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电小信号动态建模及其阻尼控制器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):7-12.Zheng Chao,Zhou Xiaoxin.Small signal dynamic modeling and damping controller designing for VSC based HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(2):7-12(in Chinese).
[17]杨洁,刘开培,王旭东,等.向无源网络供电的双端柔性直流输电系统小信号稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2400-2408.Yang Jie,Liu Kaipei,Wang Xudong.Small signal stability analysis of VSC-HVSC applied to passive network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2400-2408(in Chinese).
[18]Adam G P,Ahmed K H,Finney S J,et al.Generalized modeling of DC grid for stability studies[C]//Power Engineering,Energy and Electrical Drives(POWERENG),2013 Fourth International Conference on.IEEE,2013:1168-1174.
[19]鲁晓军,林卫星,文劲宇,等.直流电网模块式小信号建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(11):2880-2889.Lu Xiaojun,Lin Weixing,Wen Jingyu.Modularized small signal modelling method for DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(11):2880-2889(in Chinese).
[20]Li L,Pei W,Deng W,et al.Analysis and damping control of DCvoltage oscillation in AC/DC hybrid distribution system[C]//Energy Internet and Energy System Integration(EI2),2017 IEEE Conference on.IEEE,2017:1-6.
[21]郭力,冯怿彬,李霞林,等.直流微电网稳定性分析及阻尼控制方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):927-936.Guo Li,Feng Yibin,Li Xialin,et al.Stability analysis and research of active damping method for DC microgrids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):927-936(in Chinese).
[22]Magne P,Nahid-Mobarakeh B,Pierfederici S.General active global stabilization of multiloads DC-power networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(4):1788-1798.
[23]李云丰,汤广福,吴亚楠,等.直流电网建模分析与阻尼控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3372-3382.Li Yunfeng,Tang Guangfu,Wu Yanan,et al.Modeling,analysis and damping control of DC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3372-3382(in Chinese).
[24]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[25]Zhou J Z,Ding H,Fan S,et al.Impact of short-circuit ratio and phaselocked-loop parameters on the small-signal behavior of a VSC-HVDCconverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2287-2296.
[26]王锡凡,方万良,杜正春.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[27]Pinares G,Bongiorno M.Analysis and mitigation of instabilities originated from DC-side resonances in VSC-HVDC systems[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2016,52(4):2807-2815.
[28]Rosado S P.Voltage stability and control in autonomous electric power systems with variable frequency[D].Virginia Tech,2007.
[29]Sun J.Autonomous local control and stability analysis of multiterminal DC systems[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(4):1078-1089.