基于DAB直流变压器的多电压等级交直流混合配电网故障特性分析
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摘要
双主动全桥(dual active bridge,DAB)直流变压器能够通过直流线路互联多个电压等级的交流配电网形成交直流混合配电网,该系统的故障类型多样,故障特性复杂,该文对其故障特性进行详细研究。分析该系统发生交流网侧单相接地故障、交流阀侧单相接地故障以及直流母线单极接地故障后的故障特性,研究换流站直流侧电容中点采用直接接地和高阻接地两种接地方式的系统中,DAB对系统故障特性的影响。探究发生上述故障后,系统交流侧和直流侧的相互影响,并进行详细对比分析,提出含DAB系统的故障分析方法。最后,通过Matlab仿真平台对上述分析进行仿真验证,指出DAB对直流侧电容中点直接接地系统故障特性的影响更突出,且DAB能够隔离交直流侧故障的相互影响,为交直流混合配电网接地方式的选择、保护系统的设计等提供理论依据。
Dual active bridge(DAB) converter can connect several AC distribution networks with different voltage levels by a common DC bus. The fault characteristics of this system are complicated and need to be investigated in detail. In this paper, the fault characteristics of the DAB based multi-voltagelevel AC/DC hybrid distribution network were analyzed in detail. Firstly, fault characteristics of single-phase grounding fault in AC grid/VSC side and pole-to-ground fault in DC side were investigated thoroughly. Then the effects of DAB on fault characteristics of the system under different grounding schemes of DC capacitor were analyzed and compared. Based on this,the interactions between AC and DC system during the fault were investigated and compared comprehensively. Besides, a method to analyze the fault characteristic of the system with DAB was proposed. Finally, the results were verified by Matlab simulations. The conclusions were derived that the DAB has more influence on the fault characteristics of system with the direct grounding scheme and DAB can reduce the influence between the AC and DC system, which provide a theoretical basis for the design of grounding and protection schemes.
Dual active bridge(DAB) converter can connect several AC distribution networks with different voltage levels by a common DC bus. The fault characteristics of this system are complicated and need to be investigated in detail. In this paper, the fault characteristics of the DAB based multi-voltagelevel AC/DC hybrid distribution network were analyzed in detail. Firstly, fault characteristics of single-phase grounding fault in AC grid/VSC side and pole-to-ground fault in DC side were investigated thoroughly. Then the effects of DAB on fault characteristics of the system under different grounding schemes of DC capacitor were analyzed and compared. Based on this,the interactions between AC and DC system during the fault were investigated and compared comprehensively. Besides, a method to analyze the fault characteristic of the system with DAB was proposed. Finally, the results were verified by Matlab simulations. The conclusions were derived that the DAB has more influence on the fault characteristics of system with the direct grounding scheme and DAB can reduce the influence between the AC and DC system, which provide a theoretical basis for the design of grounding and protection schemes.
引文
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[22]Guillod T,Krismer F,Kolar J.Protection of MVconverters in the grid:the case of MV/LV solid-state transformers[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2017,5(1):393-408.
[23]李子欣,王平,楚遵方,等.面向中高压智能配电网的电力电子变压器研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2592-2601.Li Zixin,Wang Ping,Chu Zunfang,et al.Research on medium-and high-voltage smart distribution grid oriented power electronic transformer[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2592-2601(in Chinese).
[24]姜山,范春菊,黄宁,等.电力电子变压器直流端口极间短路故障特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(5):1301-1309.Jiang Shan,Fan Chunju,Huang Ning,et al.Fault characteristic analysis of DC pole-to-pole fault in power electronic transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(5):1301-1309(in Chinese).
[25]Anderson P.Analysis of faulted power systems[M].Iowa:The Iowa State University Press,1973.
[26]Jakka VNSR,Shukla A,Demetriades G D.Dual-transformer-based asymmetrical triple-port active bridge(DT-ATAB)isolated DC-DC converter[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(6):4549-4560.
[2]宋强,赵彪,刘文华,等.智能直流配电网研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):9-19.Song Qiang,Liu Biao,Liu Wenhua,et al.An overview of research on smart DC distribution power network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):9-19(in Chinese).
[3]黄仁乐,蒲天骄,刘克文,等.城市能源互联网功能体系及应用方案设计[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(9):26-33+40.Huang Renle,Pu Tianjiao,Liu Kewen,et al.Design of hierarchy and functions of regional energy Internet and its demonstration applications[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(9):26-33+40(in Chinese).
[4]Boroyevich D,Cvetkovi?I,Dong D,et al.Future electronic power distribution systems a contemplative view[C]//International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment,Basov,Russia:IEEE,2010:1369-1380.
[5]Kakigano H,Miura Y,Ise T.Low-voltage bipolar-type DC microgrid for super high quality distribution[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2010,25(12):3066-3075.
[6]江道灼,郑欢.直流配电网研究现状与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):98-104.Jiang Daozhuo,Zheng Huan.Research status and developing prospect of DC distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):98-104(in Chinese).
[7]张璐,唐巍,梁军,等.基于VSC的交直流混合中压配电网功率-电压协调控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(22):6067-6075.Zhang Lu,Tang Wei,Liang Jun,et al.Power-voltage coordinated control in hybrid AC/DC medium voltage distribution networks based on VSC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(22):6067-6075(in Chinese).
[8]Wu H,Zhang J,Xing Y.A family of multiport buckboost converters based on DC-link-inductors(DLIs)[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(2):735-746.
[9]成敬周,徐政.换流站内的交流系统故障分析及保护动作特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(22):88-95.Cheng Jingzhou,Xu Zheng.Analysis of AC faults in converter station and characteristics of its relay protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(22):88-95(in Chinese).
[10]Yang J,Fletcher J E,O'Reilly J.Short-circuit and ground fault analyses and location in VSC-based DC network cables[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(10):3827-3837.
[11]彭克,张聪,徐丙垠,等.含高密度分布式电源的配电网故障分析关键问题[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):184-192.Peng Ke,Zhang Cong,Xu Bingyin,et al.Key issues of fault analysis on distribution system with high-density distributed generations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(24):184-192(in Chinese).
[12]戴志辉,葛红波,严思齐,等.柔性直流配电网接地方式对故障特性的影响分析[J].电网技术,2017,41(7):2353-2364.Dai Zhihui,Ge Hongbo,Yan Siqi,et al.Effects of grounding mode on fault characteristics in flexible DCdistribution system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(7):2353-2364(in Chinese).
[13]吴峻,武迪,朱金大,等.多端柔性直流配电网接地方式设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(9):2551-2560.Wu Jun,Wu Di,Zhu Jinda,et al.Grounding method design of multi-terminal flexible DC distribution[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(9):2551-2560(in Chinese).
[14]Leterme W,Tielens P,Boeck S D,et al.Overview of grounding and configuration options for meshed HVDCgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(6):2467-2475.
[15]焦晋荣,贾清泉,王宁,等.柔性直流配电网纹波形成机理与叠加特性[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1726-1733.Jiao Jinrong,Jia Qingquan,Wang Ning,et al.Ripple formation mechanism and superimposition characteristics for flexible DC distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1726-1733(in Chinese).
[16]贠飞龙,刘崇茹,李越,等.含直流馈入的交流系统故障分析模型[J].电力系统自动化,2015(22):124-130.Yun Feilong,Liu Chongru,Li Yue,et al.Model of ACsystem fault analysis with DC infeed[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015(22):124-130(in Chinese).
[17]Bucher M K,Franck C M.Analytic approximation of fault current contributions from capacitive components in HVDC cable networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(1):74-81.
[18]Bucher M K,Franck C M.Analytic approximation of fault current contribution from AC networks to MTDCnetworks during pole-to-ground faults[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(1):20-27.
[19]Jovcic D,Taherbaneh M,Taisne J P,et al.Topology assessment for 3+3 terminal offshore DC grid considering DC fault management[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2015,9(3):221-230.
[20]Corti M,Tironi E,Ubezio G.DC networks including multiport DC/DC converters:fault analysis[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2016,52(5):3655-3662.
[21]周廷冬,徐永海,吕晓慧.基于MMC的配电网电力电子变压器接地设计及故障特性分析[J].电网技术,2017,41(12):4077-4088.Zhou Tingdong,Xu Yonghai,Lu Xiaohui.Grounding design and fault characteristic analysis of MMC based power electronic transformer in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(12):4077-4088(in Chinese).
[22]Guillod T,Krismer F,Kolar J.Protection of MVconverters in the grid:the case of MV/LV solid-state transformers[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2017,5(1):393-408.
[23]李子欣,王平,楚遵方,等.面向中高压智能配电网的电力电子变压器研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2592-2601.Li Zixin,Wang Ping,Chu Zunfang,et al.Research on medium-and high-voltage smart distribution grid oriented power electronic transformer[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2592-2601(in Chinese).
[24]姜山,范春菊,黄宁,等.电力电子变压器直流端口极间短路故障特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(5):1301-1309.Jiang Shan,Fan Chunju,Huang Ning,et al.Fault characteristic analysis of DC pole-to-pole fault in power electronic transformer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(5):1301-1309(in Chinese).
[25]Anderson P.Analysis of faulted power systems[M].Iowa:The Iowa State University Press,1973.
[26]Jakka VNSR,Shukla A,Demetriades G D.Dual-transformer-based asymmetrical triple-port active bridge(DT-ATAB)isolated DC-DC converter[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(6):4549-4560.