浓乳液模板法制备导电多孔聚氨酯复合材料
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摘要
通过浓乳液模板法制备了一种孔径可控的多孔聚氨酯弹性材料,并以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为导电填料制备了压力敏感的导电多孔聚氨酯复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜分析了乳化剂含量、蓖麻油含量对多孔聚氨酯形貌的影响。结果表明,乳化剂含量越多,聚氨酯孔径越小;蓖麻油含量越多,聚氨酯孔结构越偏离球形,且得到的聚氨酯材料孔径为微米级;将酸化碳纳米管引入到体系中作为导电填料,即得到压力敏感的导电聚氨酯多孔复合材料,随碳纳米管负载含量的增加,复合材料的电阻可降低2个数量级;随着外应力的增加,聚氨酯复合材料的电阻同样可降低2个数量级。
The porous polyurethane(PU)elastomer with a controllable pore size was prepared by a concentrated emulsion-templating technique. Acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)as a conductive additive were added into the elastomer to obtain a type of pressuresensitive conductive porous PU composites.The effects of contents of emulsifier and castor oil on the morphology of the composites were investigated.The results indicated that the average pore size decreased with an increase of emulsifier content,and the micro-sized pores were found to deform and deviate from a circular shape as the content of castor oil became higher.The addition of MWCNTs imparted the composites with a pressure-sensitive conductive property.Furthermore,the electrical resistance of the composites decreased by two orders of magnitude with an increase of MWCNTs content.Meanwhile,the electrical resistance of the composites also decreased by two orders of magnitude with an increase in external pressure.
The porous polyurethane(PU)elastomer with a controllable pore size was prepared by a concentrated emulsion-templating technique. Acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)as a conductive additive were added into the elastomer to obtain a type of pressuresensitive conductive porous PU composites.The effects of contents of emulsifier and castor oil on the morphology of the composites were investigated.The results indicated that the average pore size decreased with an increase of emulsifier content,and the micro-sized pores were found to deform and deviate from a circular shape as the content of castor oil became higher.The addition of MWCNTs imparted the composites with a pressure-sensitive conductive property.Furthermore,the electrical resistance of the composites decreased by two orders of magnitude with an increase of MWCNTs content.Meanwhile,the electrical resistance of the composites also decreased by two orders of magnitude with an increase in external pressure.
引文
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[3]LI K,ZHANG C,DU Z,et al.Preparation of Humidityresponsive Antistatic Carbon Nanotube/PEI Nanocomposites[J].Synthetic Metals,2012,162:2 010-2 015.
[4]NAM Y S,YOON J J,PARK T G.ANovel Fabrication Method of Macroporous Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds Using Gas Foaming Salt as a Porogen Additive[J].Journal of Biomedical Materials Research,2000,53:1-7.
[5]LIU Q,HEDBERG E L,LIU Z,et al.Preparation ofMacroporous Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)Hydrogels by Enhanced Phase Separation[J].Biomaterials,2000,21:2 163-2 169.
[6]KIEFER J,HILBORN J G,HEDRICK J L.ChemicallyInduced Phase Separation:a New Technique for the Synthesis of Macroporous Epoxy Networks[J].Polymer,1996,37:5 715-5 725.
[7]ZHANG X,ZOU W,DU Z,et al.Fabrication of Porous Polyurethane Monoliths on Strengthening Interface of Concentrated Emulsion Polymerization[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics 2015,164:78-84.
[8]HAIBACH K,MENNER A,POWELL R,et al.Tailoring Mechanical Properties of Highly Porous Polymer Foams:Silica Particle Reinforced Polymer Foams via E-mulsion Templating[J].Polymer,2006,47:4 513-4 519.
[9]CAMERON N R,BARBETTA A.The Influence of Porogen Type on the Porosity,Surface Area and Morphology of Poly(divinylbenzene)Poly HIPE Foams[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2000,10:2 466-2 471.
[10]COHEN N,SILVERSTEIN M S.Synthesis of Emulsiontemplated Porous Polyacrylonitrile and Its Pyrolysis to porous Carbon Monoliths[J].Polymer,2011,52:282-287.
[11]TUNC Y,HASIRCI N,ULUBAYRAM K.Synthesis of Emulsion-templated Acrylic-based Porous Polymers:From Brittle to Elastomeric[J].Soft Materials,2012,10:449-461.