数字书法研究综述
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摘要
数字书法将传统书法的创作工具、视觉艺术效果、书写技巧和创作等用数字化的方式再现.本文首先在回顾数字书法研究历史和研究特点的基础上,给出数字书法的主要研究内容和研究方向,包括:书法工具的数字化建模、书法图像的分析与处理、书法字形的合成与美化等;然后阐述数字书法每一类问题的具体研究目标、研究现状和研究趋势;最后,探讨数字书法进一步发展需要予以关注的重要问题和研究方向.
Unlike its traditional counterpart, digital Chinese calligraphy is created and presented using digital technology in human-computer interaction environments. Here, we provide a state of the art introduction to digital calligraphy research. After analyzing the research background and goal of digital calligraphy, we present the most important topics of digital calligraphy: calligraphic tool modeling, calligraphic image analyzing and processing, and calligraphic shape analysis and synthesis. Each research topic is accompanied by a state-of-theart introduction and current trends of the topic. Finally, we discuss important issues concerning the further development of digital calligraphy.
Unlike its traditional counterpart, digital Chinese calligraphy is created and presented using digital technology in human-computer interaction environments. Here, we provide a state of the art introduction to digital calligraphy research. After analyzing the research background and goal of digital calligraphy, we present the most important topics of digital calligraphy: calligraphic tool modeling, calligraphic image analyzing and processing, and calligraphic shape analysis and synthesis. Each research topic is accompanied by a state-of-theart introduction and current trends of the topic. Finally, we discuss important issues concerning the further development of digital calligraphy.
引文
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1)中国国家数字图书馆.碑帖菁华. 2018. http://mylib.nlc.cn/web/guest/beitiejinghua
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4 Mao G H,Zhang J S,He X H.A survey of virtual hairy brush.J Syst Simul,2006,18:669-674[毛国红,张俊松,何兴恒.虚拟毛笔模型研究综述.系统仿真学报,2006,18:669-674]
5 Wang Y G,Pang Y J.CCC-Chinese calligraphy system of computer.Inform Control,1986,2:40-45[王易工,庞云阶.CCC-计算机中国书法系统.信息与控制,1986,2:40-45]
6 Strassmann S.Hairy brushes.In:Proceedings of Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques,New York,1986.225-232
7 Ma Z,Su J.Aesthetics evaluation for robotic Chinese calligraphy.IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst,2017,9:80-90
8 Li R,Qin R,Zhang J,et al.The esthetic preference of Chinese typefaces-an event-related potential study.Brain Res,2015,1598:57-65
9 Yu J H,Zhang J D.A physically-based brush-pen model.J Comput-aided Design Comput Graph,1996,8:241-245[于金辉,张积东.一个基于骨架的笔刷模型.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,1996,8:241-245]
10 Xu S,Tang M,Lau F,et al.A solid model based virtual hairy brush.Comput Graph Forum,2002,21:299-308
11 Mi X F,Xu J,Tang M,et al.The droplet virtual brush for Chinese calligraphic character modeling.In:Proceedings of Applications of Computer Vision,Orlando,2002.330-334
12 Zhang H J,Wang X J,Sun J Z,et al.Fractal-based simulation of the diffusion effect of Chinese ink wash drawing.JComput-aided Design Comput Graph,2004,16:555-558[张海江,王秀锦,孙济洲,等.应用分形仿真水墨扩散轮廓,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,16:555-558]
13 Tang D,Zang C.A new simulation method for Chinese ink wash drawing by GA.J Image Graph,2009,14:537-542[唐棣,臧超.一种应用GA的墨扩散效果仿真新方法.中国图象图形学报,2009,14:537-542]
14 Zhang J S,Yu J H,Mao G H,et al.Generating brush texture for cursive style calligraphy with autoregressive and stratified sampling.J Comput-aided Design Comput Graph,2007,19:1399-1403[张俊松,于金辉,毛国红,等.用自回归(AR)和分层采样生成草书笔画纹理.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2007,19:1399-1403]
15 Guo Q,Kunii T.Modeling the diffuse paintings of‘Sumie’.In:Proceedings of IFIP Series on Computer Graphics,Tokyo,1991.329-330
16 Wong H T F,Ip H H S.Virtual brush:a model-based synthesis of Chinese calligraphy.Comput Graph,2000,24:99-113
17 Mi X F,Tang M,Lin J Z,et al.Experience based virtual brush modeling.Comput Res Develop,2003,40:1244-1251[宓晓峰,唐敏,林建贞,等.基于经验的虚拟毛笔模型.计算机研究与发展,2003,40:1244-1251]
18 Girshick R.Simulating Chinese brush painting:the parametric hairy brush.In:Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH,Gonzalez,2004.22
19 Lu J,Barnes C,Di Verdi S,et al.Real Brush:painting with examples of physical media.ACM Trans Graph,2013,32:1-12
20 Lee J.Simulating oriental black-ink painting.IEEE Comput Graph Appl,1999,19:74-81
21 Saito S,Nakajima M.3D physics-based brush model for painting.In:Proceedings of SIGGRAPH,1999.226
22 Baxter B,Scheib V,Lin M,et al.DAB:interactive haptic painting with 3D virtual brushes.In:Proceedings of ACMSIGGRAPH,2001.104:10
23 Yeh J,Lien T,Ouhyoung M.On the effects of haptic display in brush and ink simulation for Chinese painting and calligraphy.In:Proceedings of Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications,2003.439-441
24 Chu N S H,Chiew-Lan Tai N S H.Real-time painting with an expressive virtual Chinese brush.IEEE Comput Grap Appl,2004,24:76-85
25 Chu S,Tai C.Mo Xi:real-time ink dispersion in absorbent paper.In:Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH,2005.504-511
26 Chen H Q,Luo J F,Wen G H,et al.Simulation of Chinese calligraphy based on physical properties of pen,paper and ink.J Comput-aided Design Comput Graph,2012,24:1134-1138[陈海强,罗健飞,温国华,等.基于笔纸墨物理属性的毛笔书法仿真.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2012,24:1134-1138]
27 Zhen S Z,Hou Z X,Guo C,et al.Simulation of half-dry stroke based on force feedback technology.J Comput-aided Design Comput Graph,2016,28:1016-1024[郑栓柱,侯增选,郭超,等.基于力反馈技术的干笔飞白仿真方法.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2016,28:1016-1024]
28 Leung H,Wong S,Ip H.In the name of art.IEEE Signal Process Mag,2008,25:49-54
29 Wang S,Lee H.Dual-binarization and anisotropic diffusion of Chinese characters in calligraphy documents.In:Proceedings of International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition,2001.271-275
30 Zhang J,Yu J,Mao G,et al.Denoising of Chinese calligraphy tablet images based on run-length statistics and structure characteristic of character strokes.J Zhejiang Univ-Sci A,2006,7:1178-1186
31 Shi Z,Xu B,Zheng X,et al.An integrated method for ancient Chinese tablet images de-noising based on assemble of multiple image smoothing filters.Multimed Tools Appl,2016,75:12245-12261
32 Huang Z K,Li Z H,Huang H,et al.Comparison of different image denoising algorithms for Chinese calligraphy images.Neurocomputing,2016,188:102-112
33 Zhuang Y,Zhang X,Wu J,et al.Retrieval of Chinese calligraphic character image.In:Proceedings of Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia,Tokyo,2004.17-24
34 Lu W,Wu J,Wei B,et al.Efficient shape matching for Chinese calligraphic character retrieval.J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C,2011,12:873-884
35 Zhang X,Zhuang Y.Dynamic time warping for Chinese calligraphic character matching and recognizing.Pattern Recogn Lett,2012,33:2262-2269
36 Gao P C,Wu J Q,Yuan L,et al.Fast Chinese calligraphic character recognition with large-scale data.Multimed Tools Appl,2015,74:7221-7238
37 Zhang J,Yu J,Lin H.Capturing character contours from images of ancient Chinese calligraphy.In:Proceedings of the Workshop on Digital Media&ITS Application in Museum&Heritage/digital Media&ITS Application in Museum&Heritage,Suzhou,2007.36-41
38 Yu J,Peng Q.Realistic synthesis of cao shu of Chinese calligraphy.Comput Graph,2005,29:145-153
39 Lu W M,Wu J Q,Zhuang Y T.Computer aided calligraphy tablet design.J Comput-aided Design Comput Graph,2008,20:469-475[鲁伟明,吴江琴,庄越挺.计算机辅助书法牌匾设计.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20:469-475]
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1)中国国家数字图书馆.碑帖菁华. 2018. http://mylib.nlc.cn/web/guest/beitiejinghua