采后NO处理提高冷藏期间板栗果实抗病相关酶活性
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摘要
【目的】探究采后NO处理对冷藏期间板栗果实抗病相关酶活性变化的影响。【方法】以'金优2号’板栗果实为材料,采用外源NO供体硝普钠(SNP)溶液浸泡处理果实,观察处理对冷藏条件下板栗果实腐烂率的影响,分析测定SNP处理后果实抗病相关酶、果胶酶活性及丙二醛含量等贮藏期间生理指标的变化。【结果】与对照相比,SNP处理能有效地降低冷藏期间板栗果实腐烂率,贮藏180 d时,SNP处理果实腐烂率为18.89%,显著低于对照,为对照的43.60%;生理指标测定结果表明,SNP处理不同程度地提高了板栗果实贮藏期间超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶等抗病相关酶活性,降低了贮藏期果胶酶和多酚氧化酶活性,减少了果实丙二醛的积累。【结论】NO采后处理可提高板栗果实冷藏期间抗病相关酶活性,抑制果实PG酶和PPO酶活性,减少果实MDA的积累,进而降低板栗果实的腐烂率。
【Objective】Chestnut(Castanea mollissima BL.) is well known for its nutritional value andpleasant flavor. Chestnut fruits usually ripe in late summer when temperatures are still higher, so thatthe processes of water loss, microbial attack and decay are accelerated after harvest. As a result, thefresh nut has a short shelf life, losing marketability within a few days at ambient temperatures. Coldstorage could delay ripening and improve the resistance of nuts to pathogens effectively, but the nutqualities decline obviously after storage. Nitro oxide(NO) is a signaling molecule in plant and animaltissues, and has an important function of regulating postharvest physiology of fruits. It has been report-ed that NO treatment could reduce decay and extend storage life of various fruits. According to the cur-rent results, sodium nitroprusside(SNP, NO donor) treatment could reduce the decay of chestnut. Thestudy aimed to investigate the effects of postharvest NO treatment on the activities of disease-resistantrelated enzymes of chestnut during low temperature storage.【Methods】'Jinyou 2'nuts at mature stagewere used as the material. The fruits were harvested from an orchard in Luotian county of Hubei prov-ince and immediately transferred to laboratory on the same day. Nuts with uniform size, free of visibleinjuries and defects, were selected and treated with 0.4 mmol · L-1 SNP solution for 5 minutes, while wa-ter treatment was used as the control. After air-dried and pre-cooling, all the nuts were packed andstored at cold temperatures(0-3 ℃) with 80%-85% relative humidity for 180 days. The rot rate of nutswas investigated every 20 d, and meanwhile pulp samples were stored in a ultra-low temperature freez-er after liquid nitrogen freezing. The physiological indexes were measured during storage. The indexesincluded malondialdehyde(MDA) content and the activities of peroxidase(POD), superoxide dis-mutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), polyphenol oxidase(PPO), polygalacturonase(PG), chitinase(CHT)and β-1,3-glucanase(GLU). Microsoft Excel 2007 software was used to calculate the mean and stan-dard deviation. The SAS 8.0 software was used to analyse the significance of difference.【Results】Thedecay rate of nuts increased significantly during the long period storage. Compared with the control,SNP treatment effectively inhibited the rot of nuts. After 180 days of storage, the rot rate of SNP treat-ment was 18.89%, which was just 43.6% of the control. During the whole storage period, the activitiesof POD and CAT increased slightly at the beginning and then decreased, but SOD activity kept increas-ing until the 100 th day and then decreased. Compared with the control, SNP treatment kept a higherPOD activity remarkably during the storage, and the POD activity was 12.32% higher than the controlat 120 th day. SNP treatment also kept a higher SOD activity significantly, which was 9.17% higher thanthe control at 160 th day. The CAT activity of SNP treatment was 40.19% higher than the control after180 days of storage. The PPO activities kept increasing until the 120 th day and then decreased, SNPtreatment inhibited the PPO activity, and the activity was lower than the control significantly from day60 to 120. The PPO activity of SNP treatment was 75.43% of the control at day 60, and 73.33% at day120. The PG activity kept increasing during the storage, SNP treatment kept a lower PG activity signifi-cantly, which was 74.71% of the control at day 60, and 84.54% at day 140. The CHT activities in-creased to the maximum at 80 th day, and then decreased. SNP treatment enhanced the CHT activity ob-viously, the maximum value was 16.10% higher than the control at 80 th day, and the activity was46.85% higher than the control at 120 th day. The GLU activity was also enhanced by SNP treatment, es-pecially from day 60 to 120. The GLU activity of SNP treatment was 27.14% higher than the control atday 60, and 16.34% at day 180. The MDA content in nuts increased during the storage, and SNP treat-ment decreased the MDA content significantly. After 180 days of storage, the MDA content with theSNP treatment was 84.26% of the control.【Conclusion】Postharvest NO treatment might enhance the ac-tivities of disease-resistant related enzymes in chestnut. Under low temperature conditions, postharvestSNP treatment increased the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, CHT and GLU, reduced MDA content andthe activities of PG and PPO, and then effectively inhibited the rot of nuts.
【Objective】Chestnut(Castanea mollissima BL.) is well known for its nutritional value andpleasant flavor. Chestnut fruits usually ripe in late summer when temperatures are still higher, so thatthe processes of water loss, microbial attack and decay are accelerated after harvest. As a result, thefresh nut has a short shelf life, losing marketability within a few days at ambient temperatures. Coldstorage could delay ripening and improve the resistance of nuts to pathogens effectively, but the nutqualities decline obviously after storage. Nitro oxide(NO) is a signaling molecule in plant and animaltissues, and has an important function of regulating postharvest physiology of fruits. It has been report-ed that NO treatment could reduce decay and extend storage life of various fruits. According to the cur-rent results, sodium nitroprusside(SNP, NO donor) treatment could reduce the decay of chestnut. Thestudy aimed to investigate the effects of postharvest NO treatment on the activities of disease-resistantrelated enzymes of chestnut during low temperature storage.【Methods】'Jinyou 2'nuts at mature stagewere used as the material. The fruits were harvested from an orchard in Luotian county of Hubei prov-ince and immediately transferred to laboratory on the same day. Nuts with uniform size, free of visibleinjuries and defects, were selected and treated with 0.4 mmol · L-1 SNP solution for 5 minutes, while wa-ter treatment was used as the control. After air-dried and pre-cooling, all the nuts were packed andstored at cold temperatures(0-3 ℃) with 80%-85% relative humidity for 180 days. The rot rate of nutswas investigated every 20 d, and meanwhile pulp samples were stored in a ultra-low temperature freez-er after liquid nitrogen freezing. The physiological indexes were measured during storage. The indexesincluded malondialdehyde(MDA) content and the activities of peroxidase(POD), superoxide dis-mutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), polyphenol oxidase(PPO), polygalacturonase(PG), chitinase(CHT)and β-1,3-glucanase(GLU). Microsoft Excel 2007 software was used to calculate the mean and stan-dard deviation. The SAS 8.0 software was used to analyse the significance of difference.【Results】Thedecay rate of nuts increased significantly during the long period storage. Compared with the control,SNP treatment effectively inhibited the rot of nuts. After 180 days of storage, the rot rate of SNP treat-ment was 18.89%, which was just 43.6% of the control. During the whole storage period, the activitiesof POD and CAT increased slightly at the beginning and then decreased, but SOD activity kept increas-ing until the 100 th day and then decreased. Compared with the control, SNP treatment kept a higherPOD activity remarkably during the storage, and the POD activity was 12.32% higher than the controlat 120 th day. SNP treatment also kept a higher SOD activity significantly, which was 9.17% higher thanthe control at 160 th day. The CAT activity of SNP treatment was 40.19% higher than the control after180 days of storage. The PPO activities kept increasing until the 120 th day and then decreased, SNPtreatment inhibited the PPO activity, and the activity was lower than the control significantly from day60 to 120. The PPO activity of SNP treatment was 75.43% of the control at day 60, and 73.33% at day120. The PG activity kept increasing during the storage, SNP treatment kept a lower PG activity signifi-cantly, which was 74.71% of the control at day 60, and 84.54% at day 140. The CHT activities in-creased to the maximum at 80 th day, and then decreased. SNP treatment enhanced the CHT activity ob-viously, the maximum value was 16.10% higher than the control at 80 th day, and the activity was46.85% higher than the control at 120 th day. The GLU activity was also enhanced by SNP treatment, es-pecially from day 60 to 120. The GLU activity of SNP treatment was 27.14% higher than the control atday 60, and 16.34% at day 180. The MDA content in nuts increased during the storage, and SNP treat-ment decreased the MDA content significantly. After 180 days of storage, the MDA content with theSNP treatment was 84.26% of the control.【Conclusion】Postharvest NO treatment might enhance the ac-tivities of disease-resistant related enzymes in chestnut. Under low temperature conditions, postharvestSNP treatment increased the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, CHT and GLU, reduced MDA content andthe activities of PG and PPO, and then effectively inhibited the rot of nuts.
引文
[1] ERTAN E,ERDAL E,ALKAN G,ALGüL B E. Effects of dif-ferent postharvest storage methods on the quality parameters ofchestnuts(Castanea sativa Mill.)[J]. Hort Science,2015,50(4):577-581.
[2] CORPAS F J,BARROSO J B,RíO L A. Peroxisomes as asource of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide signal mole-cules in plant cells[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2001,6(4):145-150.
[3] LUNDBERG J O,GLADWIN M T,WEITZBERG E. Strategiesto increase nitric oxide signalling in cardiovascular disease[J].Nature Reviews Drug Discovery,2015,14(9):623-641.
[4]邵瑞鑫,李蕾蕾,郑会芳,张寄阳,杨慎娇,马野,信龙飞,苏小雨,冉午玲,毛俊.外源一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗光合作用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(2):251-259.SHAO Ruixin,LI Leilei,ZHENG Huifang,ZHANG Jiyang,YANG Shenjiao,MA Ye,XIN Longfei,SU Xiaoyu,RAN Wu-ling,MAO Jun. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on photosyn-thesis of maize seedlings under drought stress[J]. Scientia Agri-cultura Sinica. 2016,49(2):251-259.
[5] LESHEM Y Y,HARAMATY E. The characterization and con-trasting effects of the nitric oxide free radical in vegetative stressand senescence of Pisum sativum Linn. foliage[J]. Journal ofPlant Physiology,1996,148(3):258-263.
[6] LESHEM Y Y,WILLS R B H,KU V V. Evidence for the func-tion of the free radical gas-nitric oxide(NO?)-as an endoge-nous maturation and senescence regulating factor in higherplants[J]. Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,1998,36(11):825-833.
[7] SCHELER C,DURNER J,ASTIER J. Nitric oxide and reactiveoxygen species in plant biotic interactions[J]. Current Opinionin Plant Biology,2013,16(4):534-539.
[8] CORREA-ARAGUNDE N,FORESI N,LAMATTINA L. Nitricoxide is a ubiquitous signal for maintaining redox balance inplant cells:regulation of ascorbate peroxidase as a case study[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,66(10):2913-2921.
[9]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.LI Hesheng. Principle and technology of plant physiological andbiochemical experiments[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press,2000.
[10]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015.GAO Junfeng. Experiment guidance for plant physiology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2015.
[11]赵世杰,许长成,邹琦,孟庆伟.植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,1991,30(3):207-210.ZHAO Shijie,XU Changcheng,ZOU Qi,MENG Qingwei. Im-provements of method for measurement of malondialdehvde inplant tissues[J]. Plant Physiology Communications,1991,30(3):207-210.
[12]郑龙,肖正东,王陆军,蔡新玲,傅松玲.板栗品种褐变度差异性及其多酚氧化酶活性的相关性研究[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(18):126-130.ZHENG Long,XIAO Zhengdong,WANG Lujun,CAI Xinling,FU Songling. Study on the relationship between the browningand polyphenol oxidase activity of Castanea mollissima[J]. Sci-ence and Technology of Food Industry,2015,36(18):126-130.
[13]曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007.CAO Jiankang,JIANG Weibo,ZHAO Yumei. Experiment guid-ance of postharvest physiology and biochemistry of fruits andvegetables[M]. Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2007.
[14]刘普.柑橘采后生防菌柠檬形克勒克酵母活性物质及其他抑菌机制的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2011.LIU Pu. The Active compounds and other antagonistic mecha-nism of biocontrol agent Kloechera apiculata(34-9)againstpostharvest diseases of citrus[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultur-al University,2011.
[15] ZHENG X L,HU B,SONG L J,PAN J,LIU M M. Changes inquality and defense resistance of kiwifruit in response to nitricoxide treatment during storage at room temperature[J]. ScientiaHorticulturae,2017,222(222):187-192.
[16] MANJUNATHA G,LOKESH V,NEELWARNE B. Nitric oxidein fruit ripening:trends and opportunities[J]. Biotechnology Ad-vances,2010,28(4):489-499.
[17]朱丽琴,李斌,张伟,周杰,朱树华. NO对采后李果实保鲜效果的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(6):1157-1161.ZHU Liqin,LI Bin,ZHANG Wei,ZHOU Jie,ZHU Shuhua. Ef-fect of nitric oxide on the preservation of postharvest plums[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(6):1157-1161.
[18]朱学明,史祥鹏,雍道敬,张颖,李保华,梁文星,王彩霞.内生放线菌A-1诱导苹果对炭疽叶枯病的抗性[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(6):949-954.ZHU Xueming,SHI Xiangpeng,YONG Daojing,ZHANGYing,LI Baohua,LIANG Wenxing,WANG Caixia. Induction ofresistance against Glomerella cingulata in apple by endophyticactinomycetes strain A-1[J]. Plant Physiology Journal,2015,51(6):949-954.
[19] JING G Q,ZHOU J,ZHU S H. Effects of nitric oxide on mito-chondrial oxidative defence in postharvest peach fruits[J]. Jour-nal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,2016,96(6):1997-2003.
[20] WU B,GUO Q,LI Q P,HA Y M,LI X P,CHEN W X. Impactof postharvest nitric oxide treatment on antioxidant enzymesand related genes in banana fruit in response to chilling tolerance[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology,2014,92(3):157-163.
[21]洪克前,徐函兵,张鲁斌,贾志伟.一氧化氮对采后杧果果实抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(8):1529-1533.HONG Keqian,XU Hanbing,ZHANG Lubin,JIA Zhiwei. Ef-fects of nitric oxide on activities of antioxidative enzymes ofpostharvest mango fruits[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2017,38(8):1529-1533.
[22] LICHANPORN I,TECHAVUTHIPORN C. The effects of nitricoxide and nitrous oxide on enzymatic browning in longkong(Aglaia dookkoo Griff.)[J].Postharvest Biology and Technolo-gy,2013,86(86):62-65.
[23] BARMAN K,SIDDIQUI M W,PATEL V B,PRASAD M. Ni-tric oxide reduces pericarp browning and preserves bioactive an-tioxidants in litchi[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2014,171(171):71-77.
[24]陈凯莉,许轲,张贤聪,王亚楠,汪志辉,王迅.果实中果胶代谢相关酶基因的研究进展[J].园艺学报,2017,44(10):2008-2014.CHEN Kaili,XU Ke,ZHANG Xiancong,WANG Yanan,WANG Zhihui,WANG Xun. Advances in genes information in-volved in pectin metabolism in fruit[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sini-ca,2017,44(10):2008-2014.
[25] CHANG E H,LEE J S,KIM J G. Cell wall degrading enzymesactivity is altered by high carbon dioxide treatment in posthar-vest‘Mihong’peach fruit[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2017,225:399-407.
[26] LIU L Q,DONG Y,GUAN J F. Effects of nitric oxide on thequality and pectin metabolism of Yali pears during cold storage[J]. Agricultural Sciences in China,2011,10(7):1125-1133.
[27]杨冬平,高兆银,李敏,张正科,陈亮,杨波,赵超,胡美姣.水杨酸结合超声波处理对杧果采后抗病性的影响[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(5):974-979.YANG Dongping,GAO Zhaoyin,LI Min,ZHANG Zhengke,CHEN Liang,YANG Bo,ZHAO Chao,HU Meijiao. Combina-tion of salicylic acid and ultrasound to control postharvest an-thracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. inmango fruit[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2014,35(5):974-979.
[28] HU M J,YANG D P,HUBER D J,JIANG Y M,LI M,GAO ZY,ZHANG Z K. Reduction of postharvest anthracnose and en-hancement of disease resistance in ripening mango fruit by nitricoxide treatment[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology,2014,97(11):115-122.
[29]范蓓,杨杨,王锋,董元元,李庆鹏,李伟明,王凤忠.外源NO处理对采后杧果抗冷性的影响.核农学报,2013,27(6):800-804.FAN Bei,YANG Yang,WANG Feng,DONG Yuanyuan,LI Qing-peng,LI Weiming,WANG Fengzhong. The effect of NO oncold tolerance in postharvest mango fruit(Mangnifera indica L.)[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2013,27(6):800-804.
[30] ZHANG T,CHE F B,ZHANG H,PAN Y,XU M Q,BAN Q Y,HAN Y,RAO J P. Effect of nitric oxide treatment on chilling in-jury,antioxidant enzymes and expression of the CmCBF1 andCmCBF3 genes in cold-stored Hami melon(Cucumis melo L.)fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology,2017,127:88-98.
[2] CORPAS F J,BARROSO J B,RíO L A. Peroxisomes as asource of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide signal mole-cules in plant cells[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2001,6(4):145-150.
[3] LUNDBERG J O,GLADWIN M T,WEITZBERG E. Strategiesto increase nitric oxide signalling in cardiovascular disease[J].Nature Reviews Drug Discovery,2015,14(9):623-641.
[4]邵瑞鑫,李蕾蕾,郑会芳,张寄阳,杨慎娇,马野,信龙飞,苏小雨,冉午玲,毛俊.外源一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下玉米幼苗光合作用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(2):251-259.SHAO Ruixin,LI Leilei,ZHENG Huifang,ZHANG Jiyang,YANG Shenjiao,MA Ye,XIN Longfei,SU Xiaoyu,RAN Wu-ling,MAO Jun. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on photosyn-thesis of maize seedlings under drought stress[J]. Scientia Agri-cultura Sinica. 2016,49(2):251-259.
[5] LESHEM Y Y,HARAMATY E. The characterization and con-trasting effects of the nitric oxide free radical in vegetative stressand senescence of Pisum sativum Linn. foliage[J]. Journal ofPlant Physiology,1996,148(3):258-263.
[6] LESHEM Y Y,WILLS R B H,KU V V. Evidence for the func-tion of the free radical gas-nitric oxide(NO?)-as an endoge-nous maturation and senescence regulating factor in higherplants[J]. Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,1998,36(11):825-833.
[7] SCHELER C,DURNER J,ASTIER J. Nitric oxide and reactiveoxygen species in plant biotic interactions[J]. Current Opinionin Plant Biology,2013,16(4):534-539.
[8] CORREA-ARAGUNDE N,FORESI N,LAMATTINA L. Nitricoxide is a ubiquitous signal for maintaining redox balance inplant cells:regulation of ascorbate peroxidase as a case study[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,66(10):2913-2921.
[9]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.LI Hesheng. Principle and technology of plant physiological andbiochemical experiments[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press,2000.
[10]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015.GAO Junfeng. Experiment guidance for plant physiology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2015.
[11]赵世杰,许长成,邹琦,孟庆伟.植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,1991,30(3):207-210.ZHAO Shijie,XU Changcheng,ZOU Qi,MENG Qingwei. Im-provements of method for measurement of malondialdehvde inplant tissues[J]. Plant Physiology Communications,1991,30(3):207-210.
[12]郑龙,肖正东,王陆军,蔡新玲,傅松玲.板栗品种褐变度差异性及其多酚氧化酶活性的相关性研究[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(18):126-130.ZHENG Long,XIAO Zhengdong,WANG Lujun,CAI Xinling,FU Songling. Study on the relationship between the browningand polyphenol oxidase activity of Castanea mollissima[J]. Sci-ence and Technology of Food Industry,2015,36(18):126-130.
[13]曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007.CAO Jiankang,JIANG Weibo,ZHAO Yumei. Experiment guid-ance of postharvest physiology and biochemistry of fruits andvegetables[M]. Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2007.
[14]刘普.柑橘采后生防菌柠檬形克勒克酵母活性物质及其他抑菌机制的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2011.LIU Pu. The Active compounds and other antagonistic mecha-nism of biocontrol agent Kloechera apiculata(34-9)againstpostharvest diseases of citrus[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultur-al University,2011.
[15] ZHENG X L,HU B,SONG L J,PAN J,LIU M M. Changes inquality and defense resistance of kiwifruit in response to nitricoxide treatment during storage at room temperature[J]. ScientiaHorticulturae,2017,222(222):187-192.
[16] MANJUNATHA G,LOKESH V,NEELWARNE B. Nitric oxidein fruit ripening:trends and opportunities[J]. Biotechnology Ad-vances,2010,28(4):489-499.
[17]朱丽琴,李斌,张伟,周杰,朱树华. NO对采后李果实保鲜效果的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(6):1157-1161.ZHU Liqin,LI Bin,ZHANG Wei,ZHOU Jie,ZHU Shuhua. Ef-fect of nitric oxide on the preservation of postharvest plums[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(6):1157-1161.
[18]朱学明,史祥鹏,雍道敬,张颖,李保华,梁文星,王彩霞.内生放线菌A-1诱导苹果对炭疽叶枯病的抗性[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(6):949-954.ZHU Xueming,SHI Xiangpeng,YONG Daojing,ZHANGYing,LI Baohua,LIANG Wenxing,WANG Caixia. Induction ofresistance against Glomerella cingulata in apple by endophyticactinomycetes strain A-1[J]. Plant Physiology Journal,2015,51(6):949-954.
[19] JING G Q,ZHOU J,ZHU S H. Effects of nitric oxide on mito-chondrial oxidative defence in postharvest peach fruits[J]. Jour-nal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,2016,96(6):1997-2003.
[20] WU B,GUO Q,LI Q P,HA Y M,LI X P,CHEN W X. Impactof postharvest nitric oxide treatment on antioxidant enzymesand related genes in banana fruit in response to chilling tolerance[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology,2014,92(3):157-163.
[21]洪克前,徐函兵,张鲁斌,贾志伟.一氧化氮对采后杧果果实抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(8):1529-1533.HONG Keqian,XU Hanbing,ZHANG Lubin,JIA Zhiwei. Ef-fects of nitric oxide on activities of antioxidative enzymes ofpostharvest mango fruits[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2017,38(8):1529-1533.
[22] LICHANPORN I,TECHAVUTHIPORN C. The effects of nitricoxide and nitrous oxide on enzymatic browning in longkong(Aglaia dookkoo Griff.)[J].Postharvest Biology and Technolo-gy,2013,86(86):62-65.
[23] BARMAN K,SIDDIQUI M W,PATEL V B,PRASAD M. Ni-tric oxide reduces pericarp browning and preserves bioactive an-tioxidants in litchi[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2014,171(171):71-77.
[24]陈凯莉,许轲,张贤聪,王亚楠,汪志辉,王迅.果实中果胶代谢相关酶基因的研究进展[J].园艺学报,2017,44(10):2008-2014.CHEN Kaili,XU Ke,ZHANG Xiancong,WANG Yanan,WANG Zhihui,WANG Xun. Advances in genes information in-volved in pectin metabolism in fruit[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sini-ca,2017,44(10):2008-2014.
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