光伏高渗透率下配网消纳能力模拟及电压控制策略研究
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摘要
随着大规模分布式光伏系统并入配电网,配网渗透率不断提高。光伏出力与负荷的不平衡导致线路中出现逆向潮流,引起电压越限。采用蒙特卡洛随机法模拟配网大规模光伏接入的情景,从单渗透率和整体两方面对模拟结果全面分析以充分评估配电网的光伏消纳能力;提出利用光伏系统逆变器的控制措施缓解并网节点的电压越限问题,进而提升配电网光伏消纳能力,通过计算电压灵敏度矩阵为所有并网逆变器分配无功补偿量,辅以有功缩减改善光伏并网特性。通过Matlab搭建IEEE33节点系统,仿真结果表明所述方法的有效性和可行性。
As large-scale distributed photovoltaic systems are integrated into distribution network, the distribution network penetration rate continues to increase. Imbalance between photovoltaic output and load leads to reverse power flow in the line and voltage exceeding limit. Monte Carlo random method is used to simulate the large-scale PV access scenario of the distribution network. Simulation results are comprehensively analyzed from two aspects, i.e. only penetration rate and all affecting factors, to fully evaluate PV consumption capacity of the distribution network. It is proposed to use the control measures of PV system inverters to alleviate voltage over-limit problem at grid-connection nodes. Through calculating voltage, the sensitivity matrix assigns reactive compensation to all grid-connected inverters, supplemented by active power reduction, to improve photovoltaic grid-connected characteristics. An IEEE 33-node system is built with MATLAB as simulation platform. Simulation results confirm effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
As large-scale distributed photovoltaic systems are integrated into distribution network, the distribution network penetration rate continues to increase. Imbalance between photovoltaic output and load leads to reverse power flow in the line and voltage exceeding limit. Monte Carlo random method is used to simulate the large-scale PV access scenario of the distribution network. Simulation results are comprehensively analyzed from two aspects, i.e. only penetration rate and all affecting factors, to fully evaluate PV consumption capacity of the distribution network. It is proposed to use the control measures of PV system inverters to alleviate voltage over-limit problem at grid-connection nodes. Through calculating voltage, the sensitivity matrix assigns reactive compensation to all grid-connected inverters, supplemented by active power reduction, to improve photovoltaic grid-connected characteristics. An IEEE 33-node system is built with MATLAB as simulation platform. Simulation results confirm effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
引文
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[17]刘宇,高山,杨胜春,等.电力系统概率潮流算法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(23):127-135.Liu Yu,Gao Shan,Yang Shengchun,et al.Review on algorithms for probabilistic load flow in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(23):127-135(in Chinese).
[18]赵波,张雪松,洪博文.大量分布式光伏电源接入智能配电网后的能量渗透率研究[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(8):95-100.Zhao Bo,Zhang Xuesong,Hong Bowen.Energy penetration of largescale distributed photovoltaic sources integrated into smart distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(8):95-100(in Chinese).
[19]Richardson I,Thomson M.Integrated simulation of photovoltaic micro-generation and domestic electricity demand:a one-minute resolution open-source model[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part A:Journal of Power and Energy,2013,227(1):73-81.
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[2]孙丰杰,谢宁,王承民,等.2017年国际供电会议配电系统规划研究成果综述[J].电网技术,2018,42(9):2733-2741.Sun Fengjie,Xie Ning,Wang Chengmin,et al.Review of CIRED2017 on Power distribution system planning[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(9):2733-2741(in Chinese).
[3]Haque M M,Wolfs P.A review of high PV penetrations in LVdistribution networks:Present status,impacts and mitigation measures[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016(62):1195-1208.
[4]Pezeshki H,Wolfs P J,Johnson M.Multi-agent systems for modeling high penetration photovoltaic system impacts in distribution networks[C]//Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Asia(ISGT),2011 IEEEPES.IEEE,2011:1-8.
[5]Farag H E,El-Saadany E F,El Chaar L.A multilayer control framework for distribution systems with high DG penetration[C]//Innovations in Information Technology(IIT),2011 International Conference on.IEEE,2011:94-99.
[6]Rylander M,Smith J,Lewis D,et al.Voltage impacts from distributed photovoltaics on two distribution feeders[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting(PES),2013 IEEE.IEEE,2013:1-5.
[7]Smith J W,Dugan R,Rylander M,et al.Advanced distribution planning tools for high penetration PV deployment[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting,2012 IEEE.IEEE,2012:1-7.
[8]徐志成,赵波,丁明,等.基于电压灵敏度的配电网光伏消纳能力随机场景模拟及逆变器控制参数优化整定[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1578-1587.Xu Zhicheng,Zhao Bo,Ding Ming,et al.Photovoltaic hosting capacity evaluation of distribution networks and inverter parameters optimization based on node voltage sensitivity[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1578-1587(in Chinese).
[9]曾令全,王立娟.基于电压灵敏度的分布式发电最大渗透率的研究[J].华东电力,2013,41(6):1175-1180.Zeng Lingquan,Wang Lijuan.Maximum penetration of DG based on voltage sensitivity[J].East China Electric Power,2013,41(6):1175-1180(in Chinese).
[10]Chamana M,Chowdhury B H,Jahanbakhsh F.Distributed control of voltage regulating devices in the presence of high PV penetration to mitigate ramp-rate issues[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(2):1086-1095.
[11]白牧可,王越,唐巍,等.基于区间线性规划的区域综合能源系统日前优化调度[J].电网技术,2017,41(12):3963-3970.Bai Muke,Wang Yue,Tang Wei,et al.Day-ahead optimal dispatching of regional integrated energy system based on interval linear programming[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(12):3963-3970(in Chinese).
[12]柴园园,郭力,王成山,等.含高渗透率光伏的配电网分布式电压控制[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):738-746.Guo Yuanyuan,Guo Li,Wang Chengshan,et al.Distributed voltage control in distribution networks with high penetration of PV[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(3):738-746(in Chinese).
[13]丁明,刘盛.基于遗传算法的多个光伏电源极限功率计算[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):922-926.Ding Ming,Liu Sheng.Calculation of maximum penetration level of multi PV generation systems based on genetic algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):922-926(in Chinese).
[14]蒋平,严栋,吴熙.考虑风光互补的间歇性能源准入功率极限研究[J].电网技术,2013,37(7):1965-1970.Jiang Ping,Yan Dong,Wu Xi.Research on penetration level of intermittent energy considering wind and PV hybrid system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(7):1965-1970(in Chinese).
[15]王一波,许洪华.基于机会约束规划的并网光伏电站极限容量研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(22):22-28.Wang Yibo,Xu Honghua.Research of capacity limit of gridconnected photovoltaic power station on the basis of chanceconstrained programming[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(22):22-28(in Chinese).
[16]蔡永翔,唐巍,徐鸥洋,等.含高比例户用光伏的低压配电网电压控制研究综述[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):220-229.Cai Yongxinag,Tang Wei,Xu Ouyang,et al.Review of voltage control research in lv distribution network with high proportion of residential PVs[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(1):220-229(in Chinese).
[17]刘宇,高山,杨胜春,等.电力系统概率潮流算法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(23):127-135.Liu Yu,Gao Shan,Yang Shengchun,et al.Review on algorithms for probabilistic load flow in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(23):127-135(in Chinese).
[18]赵波,张雪松,洪博文.大量分布式光伏电源接入智能配电网后的能量渗透率研究[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(8):95-100.Zhao Bo,Zhang Xuesong,Hong Bowen.Energy penetration of largescale distributed photovoltaic sources integrated into smart distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(8):95-100(in Chinese).
[19]Richardson I,Thomson M.Integrated simulation of photovoltaic micro-generation and domestic electricity demand:a one-minute resolution open-source model[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part A:Journal of Power and Energy,2013,227(1):73-81.
[20]国家电网公司.DL/T 1198-2013电力系统电压质量和无功电力管理规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.