基于Weibull函数的单颗六味地黄丸干燥过程模拟及其动力学分析
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摘要
目的:以单颗六味地黄丸为研究对象,探究其干燥过程水分变化及体积收缩特性,为提高丸剂干燥效率,减少丸剂干燥过程花丸、结壳、裂纹等品质问题提供实验依据。方法:采用恒温热风干燥及真空干燥方式研究六味地黄丸在50,75,100,125℃干燥温度下干燥特性,以菲克第二定律球体模型及阿伦尼乌斯方程为基础得到干燥过程水分有效扩散系数、活化能,通过投影面积法研究干燥过程中丸剂体积收缩特性,利用Weibull函数对单颗六味地黄丸干燥动力学曲线进行拟合分析。结果:六味地黄丸热风干燥及真空干燥均属于降速干燥过程,达到相同含水率真空干燥所需时间较热风干燥短。单颗六味地黄丸干燥过程水分比随时间变化服从Weibull函数分布(R~2=0.994 5～0.999 7),尺度参数随温度的升高而减小,干燥温度对形状参数影响显著,热风干燥及真空干燥水分有效扩散系数分别处于2.626×10~(-3)～7.823×10~(-2),3.782×10~(-3)～9.042×10~(-2)m~2·s~(-1),活化能分别为47.18,42.69 k J·mol~(-1)。六味地黄丸热风干燥及真空干燥体积比分别处于0.638～0.741,0.607～0.689。结论:Weibull函数可较好地预测六味地黄丸的干燥脱水规律,低温干燥条件下丸剂收缩速率变缓有利于防止裂丸的形成,可为六味地黄丸的干燥方式及其工艺参数选择提供理论依据。
Objective: Taking single Liuwei Dihuangwan( LDW) as the research object,the moisture content change and volumetric shrinkage characteristics in its drying process were investigated,which provided the theoretical basis for improving the drying efficiency of the pills and reducing the quality problems of the pattern pills,crusts and crack pills. Method: The drying characteristics of LDW at drying temperature of 50,75,100,125 ℃ were studied by constant temperature hot air drying and vacuum drying. Based on sphere model of Fick's second law and Arrhenius equation,the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy of the drying process were obtained. The volumetric shrinkage characteristics of the pills during the drying process were studied by the projected area method. The Weibull function was used to fit the drying dynamics curve of single LDW. Result:Hot air drying and vacuum drying of LDW both belonged to the decreasing drying processes,and the time required to achieve the same moisture content in vacuum drying was shorter than that in hot air drying. The moisture ratio in the drying process of single LDW obeyed the Weibull function distribution( R~2= 0. 994 5-0. 999 7),the scale parameter( α) decreased with the increase of temperature,and drying temperature had significant influence on the shape parameter( β). The effective diffusion coefficients of hot air drying and vacuum drying were 2. 626 × 10~(-3)-7. 823 × 10~(-2),3. 782 × 10~(-3)-9. 042 × 10~(-2)m~2·s~(-1),their activation energy were 47. 18,42. 69 kJ·mol~(-1),respectively. The volume ratio of hot air drying and vacuum drying of LDW ranged from 0. 638 to 0. 741 and 0. 607 to 0. 689,respectively. Conclusion: Weibull function can be adopted to predict the drying and dehydration law of LDW. Under the condition of low temperature drying,slow-down of shrinkage rate of the pills is helpful to prevent the formation of splitting pills,this study provides theoretical and technical basis for dying of LDW.
Objective: Taking single Liuwei Dihuangwan( LDW) as the research object,the moisture content change and volumetric shrinkage characteristics in its drying process were investigated,which provided the theoretical basis for improving the drying efficiency of the pills and reducing the quality problems of the pattern pills,crusts and crack pills. Method: The drying characteristics of LDW at drying temperature of 50,75,100,125 ℃ were studied by constant temperature hot air drying and vacuum drying. Based on sphere model of Fick's second law and Arrhenius equation,the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy of the drying process were obtained. The volumetric shrinkage characteristics of the pills during the drying process were studied by the projected area method. The Weibull function was used to fit the drying dynamics curve of single LDW. Result:Hot air drying and vacuum drying of LDW both belonged to the decreasing drying processes,and the time required to achieve the same moisture content in vacuum drying was shorter than that in hot air drying. The moisture ratio in the drying process of single LDW obeyed the Weibull function distribution( R~2= 0. 994 5-0. 999 7),the scale parameter( α) decreased with the increase of temperature,and drying temperature had significant influence on the shape parameter( β). The effective diffusion coefficients of hot air drying and vacuum drying were 2. 626 × 10~(-3)-7. 823 × 10~(-2),3. 782 × 10~(-3)-9. 042 × 10~(-2)m~2·s~(-1),their activation energy were 47. 18,42. 69 kJ·mol~(-1),respectively. The volume ratio of hot air drying and vacuum drying of LDW ranged from 0. 638 to 0. 741 and 0. 607 to 0. 689,respectively. Conclusion: Weibull function can be adopted to predict the drying and dehydration law of LDW. Under the condition of low temperature drying,slow-down of shrinkage rate of the pills is helpful to prevent the formation of splitting pills,this study provides theoretical and technical basis for dying of LDW.
引文
[1]邓小敏,唐丽丽,陆斌,等.生脉散合六味地黄丸治疗2型糖尿病气阴两虚证[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(11):192-194.
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[13]吴青荣,张绪坤,王高敏,等.用Weibull函数分析单粒莲子热风干燥的水分扩散系数和活化能[J].食品科技,2017,42(3):103-108.
[14]张卫鹏,高振江,肖红伟,等.基于Weibull函数不同干燥方式下的茯苓干燥特性[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(5):317-324.
[15]沙秀秀,朱邵晴,段金廒,等.基于Weibull分布函数的当归干燥过程模拟及其动力学研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(11):2117-2122.
[16]Bantle M,Kolsaker K,Eikevik T M. Modification of the weibull distribution for modeling atmospheric freezedrying of food[J]. Drying Technol,2011,29(10):1161-1169.
[17]尹慧敏,聂宇燕,沈瑾,等.基于Weibull分布函数的马铃薯丁薄层热风干燥特性[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(17):252-258.
[18]张绪坤,王高敏,姚斌,等.单粒莲子热风干燥特性及其干燥动力学[J].现代食品科技,2017,33(4):141-148.
[19]徐娓,丁静,赵义,等.多孔物料干燥中物料体积的收缩特性[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2006,34(8):61-65.
[20]孟映霞,马朝阳,王洪新,等.不同干燥工艺对金钗石斛叶品质的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(15):26-30.
[21]刘相东,杨彬彬.多孔介质干燥理论的回顾与展望[J].中国农业大学学报,2005,10(4):81-92.
[22]孙静鑫,杨作梅,郭玉明,等.谷子籽粒压缩力学性质及损伤裂纹形成机理[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):306-314.
[2]卢严方,林贯川,刘倩倩,等.六味地黄丸对绝经期肾阴虚骨质疏松症的基因表达调控数据分析[J].中国骨质疏松杂志,2017,23(3):350-356.
[3]王红梅,宋彩梅,刘新民,等.六味地黄丸对肾虚型老年痴呆动物模型的改善作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(5):112-116.
[4]齐娅汝,李远辉,韩丽,等.干燥对中药丸剂品质形成的影响及调控[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(11):2208-2213.
[5]王学成,伍振峰,王雅琪,等.中药丸剂干燥工艺、装备应用现状及问题分析[J].中草药,2016,47(13):2365-2372.
[6]雷广平,王宝和.薄层干燥技术的研究进展[J].干燥技术与设备,2011,9(2):45-53.
[7]BAI J W,SUN D W,XIAO H W,et al. Novel high humidity hot air impingement blanching(HHAIB)pretreatment enhances drying kinetics and color attributes of seedless grapes[J]. Innov Food Sci Emerg,2013,20(4):230-237.
[8]Miranda M,Vega-Gálvez A,García P,et al. Effect of temperature on structural properties of Aloe vera(Aloe barbadensis Miller)gel and Weibull distribution for modeling drying process[J]. Food Bioprod Process,2010,88(2):138-144.
[9]曾目成,毕金峰,陈芹芹,等.基于Weibull分布函数猕猴桃切片微波真空干燥过程模拟及应用[J].中国食品学报,2015,15(6):129-135.
[10]齐娅汝,李远辉,韩丽,等.二至丸热风干燥动力学及干燥过程数学模拟研究[J].中草药,2017,48(15):3056-3063.
[11]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.四部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:11-12.
[12]石新华,李原,梁惟俊,等.妇宁丸微波干燥的正交试验研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(11):2661-2663.
[13]吴青荣,张绪坤,王高敏,等.用Weibull函数分析单粒莲子热风干燥的水分扩散系数和活化能[J].食品科技,2017,42(3):103-108.
[14]张卫鹏,高振江,肖红伟,等.基于Weibull函数不同干燥方式下的茯苓干燥特性[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(5):317-324.
[15]沙秀秀,朱邵晴,段金廒,等.基于Weibull分布函数的当归干燥过程模拟及其动力学研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(11):2117-2122.
[16]Bantle M,Kolsaker K,Eikevik T M. Modification of the weibull distribution for modeling atmospheric freezedrying of food[J]. Drying Technol,2011,29(10):1161-1169.
[17]尹慧敏,聂宇燕,沈瑾,等.基于Weibull分布函数的马铃薯丁薄层热风干燥特性[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(17):252-258.
[18]张绪坤,王高敏,姚斌,等.单粒莲子热风干燥特性及其干燥动力学[J].现代食品科技,2017,33(4):141-148.
[19]徐娓,丁静,赵义,等.多孔物料干燥中物料体积的收缩特性[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2006,34(8):61-65.
[20]孟映霞,马朝阳,王洪新,等.不同干燥工艺对金钗石斛叶品质的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(15):26-30.
[21]刘相东,杨彬彬.多孔介质干燥理论的回顾与展望[J].中国农业大学学报,2005,10(4):81-92.
[22]孙静鑫,杨作梅,郭玉明,等.谷子籽粒压缩力学性质及损伤裂纹形成机理[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):306-314.