遥感卫星载荷海洋耀斑观测几何模型研究
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摘要
为研究遥感卫星观测海洋耀斑时耀斑观测角度及耀斑长度的变化规律,为遥感载荷视场设计提供基础参考数据,文章在假设海洋表面完全反射的基础上,建立了卫星载荷海洋耀斑观测的完全几何模型,确定了卫星观测海洋耀斑的镜面反射极限位置,并建立方程组求取耀斑观测边缘视场指向角,以此获取耀斑观测角和耀斑长度。结合轨道仿真软件(Satellite Tools Kit,STK),以夏至日和冬至日的太阳同步轨道为算例,完成边缘视场耀斑观测指向角、耀斑观测角、耀斑长度的计算。结果表明,耀斑观测参数呈现明显的轨道周期特性,两个耀斑观测边缘指向角在冬至日和夏至日变化趋势相似,但变化范围不同;耀斑观测角呈类正弦变化,最大约为0.43°;耀斑长度夏至日时在0~29.2km范围内变化,冬至日时在0~29.7km范围内变化。通过STK软件生成的耀斑观测指向角与文章模型生成的耀斑观测边缘视场指向角进行对比验证,表明耀斑观测几何模型正确、合理,可为卫星遥感载荷的海洋耀斑观测或规避提供理论依据和边界条件。
In order to research the remote sensing satellite variation law of viewing angles and length for sun glint and supply the basic data for instrument viewing geometry, sun glint observation geometry model for remote sensing satellite was built up and the boundary position of sun glint viewing angles was found based on the assumption of the total mirror reflection on the ocean. Then the equations for the boundary angles of sun glint direction were given and the viewing angles and length of sun glint were obtained. With the aid of satellite orbit simulation software(Satellite Tools Kits, STK), the boundary angles of sun glint direction, the viewing angles and the length of sun glint were calculated in the condition of sun-synchronous orbit at summer solstice and winter solstice. The results show that these sun glint observation parameters present obvious characteristics of orbital period. The boundary angles of sun glint direction have similar variation trend in the sinusoidal wave with different ranges. The maximum viewing angles of sun glint is 0.43 approximately. The length of viewing sun glint for summer solstice and winter solstice are varying between 0~29.2 km and 0~29.7 km respectively. By comparison and validation with the STK sun glint calculation results, the sun glint observation geometry model presented in this paper is rational and correct,which can provide the theoretical basis and boundary condition of the sun glint observation or avoidance for remote sensing satellite.
In order to research the remote sensing satellite variation law of viewing angles and length for sun glint and supply the basic data for instrument viewing geometry, sun glint observation geometry model for remote sensing satellite was built up and the boundary position of sun glint viewing angles was found based on the assumption of the total mirror reflection on the ocean. Then the equations for the boundary angles of sun glint direction were given and the viewing angles and length of sun glint were obtained. With the aid of satellite orbit simulation software(Satellite Tools Kits, STK), the boundary angles of sun glint direction, the viewing angles and the length of sun glint were calculated in the condition of sun-synchronous orbit at summer solstice and winter solstice. The results show that these sun glint observation parameters present obvious characteristics of orbital period. The boundary angles of sun glint direction have similar variation trend in the sinusoidal wave with different ranges. The maximum viewing angles of sun glint is 0.43 approximately. The length of viewing sun glint for summer solstice and winter solstice are varying between 0~29.2 km and 0~29.7 km respectively. By comparison and validation with the STK sun glint calculation results, the sun glint observation geometry model presented in this paper is rational and correct,which can provide the theoretical basis and boundary condition of the sun glint observation or avoidance for remote sensing satellite.
引文
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[16]代海山.高光谱卫星遥感温室气体二氧化碳反演技术研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2012DAI Haishan.The Inversion Technique of Atmospheric CO2 from Satellite-based Hyperspectral Observations[D].Xi′an:Xi′an Jiaotong University,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]吴军,王先华,方勇华,等.空间外差光谱技术应用于大气二氧化碳探测的能力分析[J].光学学报,2011,31(1):1-7.WU Jun,WANG Xianhua,FANG Yonghua,et al.Abilitiy Analysis of Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer in Atmospheric CO2 Detection[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2011,31(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[18]陈希军,李仁.基于STK的卫星飞行轨迹仿真技术[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,24(3):339-343CHEN Xijun,LI Ren.Simulation Technology of Satellite Flight Orbit Based on STK[J].Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural sciences edition),2008,24(3):339-343.(in Chinese)
[19]RYU D,KIM S W,KIM D W,et al.Integrated Ray Tracing Simulation of Annual Variation of Spectral Bio-signatures from Cloud Free 3D Optical Earth Model[J].Proc.of SPIE,Instruments,Methods,and Missions for Astrobiology XIII,2010,7819 78190E-1-14.
[20]李恺,张晗.康晓军.关于太阳耀斑观测的地图匹配算法实现[J].航天返回与遥感,2014,35(6):58-65.LI Kai,ZHANG Han,KANG Xiaojun.Realization of Map Matching Method for Observation of Solar Flare[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2014,35(6):58-65.(in Chinese)
[2]ADAMO M,CAROLIS G D,PASQUALE V D,et al.Combined Use of SAR and Modis Imagery to Detect Marine Oil Spills[J].Proc.of SPIE,SAR Image Analysis,Modeling,and Techniques VII,2005,5980:59800I-1-12.
[3]ADAMO M,CAROLIS G D,PASQUALE V D,et al.On the Combined Use of Sun Glint Modis and Meris Signatures and SARData to Detect Oil Slicks[J].Proc.of SPIE,Remote Sensing of the Ocean,Sea Ice,and Large Water Regions,2006,6360:63600G-1-9.
[4]KIM A M,OLSEN R C,LEE K,et al.Using Panchromatic Imagery In Place of Multispectral Imagery for Kelp Detection in Water[J].Proc.of SPIE,Ocean Sensing and Monitoring II,2010,7678:767807-1-11.
[5]HU Chuanmin.Observing MODIS Ocean Color Patterns Under Severe Sun Glint[J].Proc.of SPIE,Ocean Sensing and Monitoring III,2011,8030:80300M-1-6.
[6]李旭光.海洋内波可见光光学反射特性研究[J].舰船电子工程,2012,32(11):131-146.LI Xuguang.Research of Ocean Internal Waves of Visible Light Optical Reflectance Characteristics[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2012,32(11):131-146.(in Chinese)
[7]CURETON G P.Retrieval of Higher Order Ocean Wave Spectra from Sunglint[J].Geoscience&Remote Sensing Symposium,2010,53(1):272-275.
[8]CURETON G P,ANDERSON S J,LYNCH M J,et al.Retrieval of Wind Wave Elevation Spectra From Sunglint Data[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing Symposium,2007,45(9):2829-2836.
[9]MYASOEDOV A,JOHANNESSEN J A,KUDRYAVTSEV V et al.Sun Glitter as a Tool for Monitoring the Ocean from Space[C]//International Conference on Remote Sensing,Nanjing,2012:1-4.
[10]SHIOMI K,YOSHIDA M,SEKIO N.Study for Sun Glint Observation of GOSAT FTS Using MODIS and AMSR-EData[C]//IEEE International Conference on Geoscience&Remote Sensing Symposium.Denver,2006:2060-2063.
[11]石广玉.大气辐射学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.SHI Guangyu.Atmospheric Radiology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[12]MILLER C I.Evalution of Sun Glint Correction Algorithms for High-spatial Resoluton Hyperspectral Imagery[D].California USA:Naval Postgraduate School,2012.
[13]孙允珠,蒋光伟,李云端,等.高光谱观测卫星及应用前景[J].上海航天,2017,34(3):1-13.SUN Yunzhu,JIANG Guangwei,LI Yunduan,et al.Hyper-spectral Observation Satellite and It’s Appliacation Prospects[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2017,34(3):1-13.(in Chinese)
[14]石广玉,戴铁,徐娜.卫星遥感探测大气CO2浓度研究最新进展[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(1):7-13.SHI Guangyu,DAI Tie,XU Na.Latest Progress of the Study of Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Retrievals from Satellite[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2010,25(1):7-13.(in Chinese)
[15]O′BRIEN D M,POLONSKY I,O'Dell C,et al.Testing the Polarization Model for TANSO-FTS on GOSAT Against Clear-sky Observations of Sun Glint Over the Ocean[J].IEEE Transactions On Geoscience And Remote Sensing,2013,51(12):5109-5209.
[16]代海山.高光谱卫星遥感温室气体二氧化碳反演技术研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2012DAI Haishan.The Inversion Technique of Atmospheric CO2 from Satellite-based Hyperspectral Observations[D].Xi′an:Xi′an Jiaotong University,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]吴军,王先华,方勇华,等.空间外差光谱技术应用于大气二氧化碳探测的能力分析[J].光学学报,2011,31(1):1-7.WU Jun,WANG Xianhua,FANG Yonghua,et al.Abilitiy Analysis of Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer in Atmospheric CO2 Detection[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2011,31(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[18]陈希军,李仁.基于STK的卫星飞行轨迹仿真技术[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,24(3):339-343CHEN Xijun,LI Ren.Simulation Technology of Satellite Flight Orbit Based on STK[J].Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural sciences edition),2008,24(3):339-343.(in Chinese)
[19]RYU D,KIM S W,KIM D W,et al.Integrated Ray Tracing Simulation of Annual Variation of Spectral Bio-signatures from Cloud Free 3D Optical Earth Model[J].Proc.of SPIE,Instruments,Methods,and Missions for Astrobiology XIII,2010,7819 78190E-1-14.
[20]李恺,张晗.康晓军.关于太阳耀斑观测的地图匹配算法实现[J].航天返回与遥感,2014,35(6):58-65.LI Kai,ZHANG Han,KANG Xiaojun.Realization of Map Matching Method for Observation of Solar Flare[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2014,35(6):58-65.(in Chinese)