适用于交直流系统电磁暂态仿真的三序网络动态等值方法及其在华东电网的应用
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摘要
电磁暂态仿真能准确模拟交直流系统在不对称故障下的动态特性,为减小仿真计算量,提高仿真效率,需对大规模系统进行等值简化。提出了一种适用于交直流系统电磁暂态仿真的三序网络动态等值方法,该方法基于物理等效的动态等值技术,改进了低压网络标准等值结构,考虑了不对称短路故障时的负序和零序电流,采用了一种工程实用的等值发电机参数聚合和控制器模型选取方法,实现了等值前后主网各序网络阻抗相等,提高了等值系统在不对称故障下的仿真精度。该等值方法在网络简化过程中不会产生负电阻支路,同时避免了等值变压器负电阻和负电抗的出现,等值后的系统可直接用于电磁暂态仿真。最后开发了相应的等值软件,并将其应用于华东电网,等值结果验证了所提方法的有效性。
Electromagnetic transient simulation can accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of AC/DC power system under asymmetric faults. In order to reduce the amount of simulating calculation and improve the simulation efficiency,it is necessary to simplify the large-scale power system. A dynamic equivalent method for three-sequence network applied to electromagnetic transient simulation of AC/DC system is proposed. On the basis of dynamic reduction technique for the physical equivalence,this method improves the standard equivalent structures of low-voltage networks,takes into account the negative sequence and zero sequence currents under asymmetric short-circuit faults,adopts a practical engineering method of parameter aggregation of equivalent generators and selection of controller models,makes the impedance of each sequence network of the trunk grid equal before and after the simplification,and gets better simulation accuracy of the equivalent system under asymmetric faults. This equivalent method does not produce negative resistance branches in the simplification process,and avoids the emergence of equivalent transformers with negative resistance or reactance. Thus,the equivalent system can be directly used in electromagnetic transient simulation. Finally,the corresponding equivalent software is developed and applied to the equivalence of East China Power Grid. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Electromagnetic transient simulation can accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of AC/DC power system under asymmetric faults. In order to reduce the amount of simulating calculation and improve the simulation efficiency,it is necessary to simplify the large-scale power system. A dynamic equivalent method for three-sequence network applied to electromagnetic transient simulation of AC/DC system is proposed. On the basis of dynamic reduction technique for the physical equivalence,this method improves the standard equivalent structures of low-voltage networks,takes into account the negative sequence and zero sequence currents under asymmetric short-circuit faults,adopts a practical engineering method of parameter aggregation of equivalent generators and selection of controller models,makes the impedance of each sequence network of the trunk grid equal before and after the simplification,and gets better simulation accuracy of the equivalent system under asymmetric faults. This equivalent method does not produce negative resistance branches in the simplification process,and avoids the emergence of equivalent transformers with negative resistance or reactance. Thus,the equivalent system can be directly used in electromagnetic transient simulation. Finally,the corresponding equivalent software is developed and applied to the equivalence of East China Power Grid. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1]徐政.交直流动态行为分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[2]倪以信,陈寿孙,张宝霖.动态电力系统的理论和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
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[5]朱琳,葛俊,吴学光,等.一种工程实用的电力系统等值方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(9):178-184.ZHU Lin,GE Jun,WU Xueguang,et al. Pow er system equivalence for practical engineering[J]. Electric Pow er Automation Equipment,2017,37(9):178-184.
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[8] LIN X,GOLE A M,YU M. A wide-band multi-port system equivalent for real-time digital pow er system simulators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pow er Systems,2009,24(1):237-249.
[9]欧开健.基于RTDS宽频等值的大规模交直流电网实时仿真技术探讨[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(1):51-53.OU Kaijian. On RTDS FDNE based real-time simulation technologies for the large-scale AC&DC pow er system[J].Southern Pow er System Technology,2013,7(1):51-53.
[10]翁华,徐政,王兴刚,等.南方电网交直流系统的简化方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):108-112.WENG Hua,XU Zheng,WANG Xinggan,et al. A reduction method for AC/DC system of China Southern Pow er Grid[J].Pow er System Technology,2012,36(3):108-112.
[11] DONG H F,WENG H,HAN F,et al. Reduction and modelling method of large-scale alternating current/direct current pow er systems for electromagnetic transient simulation[J]. IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2014,8(10):1667-1676.
[12]康义,陆韶琦,陈凌云,等.适用于电磁暂态仿真的大电网简化方法及在南方电网的应用[J].电力建设,2017,38(1):31-38.KANG Yi,LU Shaoqi,CHEN Lingyun,et al. A reduction method of large pow er systems for electromagnetic transient simulation and its application in China Southern Grid[J]. Electric Pow er Construction,2017,38(1):31-38.
[13]李庚银.电力系统分析基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2015.
[14]刘文焯,侯俊贤,汤涌,等.考虑不对称故障的机电暂态-电磁暂态混合仿真方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):8-15.LIU Wenzhuo, HOU Junxian, TANG Yong, et al.Electromechanical transient/electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method considering asymmetric faults[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(13):8-15.
[15]欧开健,张树卿,童陆园,等.基于并行计算机/RTDS的混合实时仿真不对称故障接口交互与实现[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(2):178-185.OU Kaijian,ZHANG Shuqing,TONG Luyuan,et al. Interface method and implementation for asymmetric fault simulation on parallel computer/RTDS-based hybrid simulator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(2):178-185.
[16]姚淑玲,田华.基于BPA和PSASP程序的短路电流计算比对[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(14):112-115.YAO Shuling,TIAN Hua. A comparison betw een BPA and PSASP softw are programs for calculating short-circuit current[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2011,35(14):112-115.
[17] IEEE recommended practice for excitation system models for power system stability studies:IEEE Std 421. 5-2016(Revision of IEEE Std 421. 5-2005)[S]. 2016.
[2]倪以信,陈寿孙,张宝霖.动态电力系统的理论和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[3]徐政,杨靖萍,段慧.一种适用于电磁暂态仿真的等值简约方法[J].南方电网技术,2007,1(1):37-40.XU Zheng,YANG Jingping,DUAN Hui. An equivalent reduction method for electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale pow er systems[J]. Southern Pow er System Technology,2007,1(1):37-40.
[4]张一荻,管霖.交直流互联电网动态等值的实用化方法[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(2):120-125.ZHANG Yidi,GUAN Lin. Practical dynamic equivalence of AC-DC interconnected pow er netw ork[J]. Electric Pow er Automation Equipment,2013,33(2):120-125.
[5]朱琳,葛俊,吴学光,等.一种工程实用的电力系统等值方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(9):178-184.ZHU Lin,GE Jun,WU Xueguang,et al. Pow er system equivalence for practical engineering[J]. Electric Pow er Automation Equipment,2017,37(9):178-184.
[6]孙奇珍,蔡泽祥,朱林,等.互联电网的多端等值方法及其误差分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(23):67-71.SUN Qizhen,CAI Zexiang,ZHU Lin,et al. M ulti-terminal equivalence method of interconnected pow er system and improvement based on its error analysis[J]. Pow er System Technology,2008,32(23):67-71.
[7]翁华,徐政.一种考虑短路电流指标的动态等值方法[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(9):85-89,100.WENG Hua,XU Zheng. Dynamic equivalence based on short circuit current index[J]. Electric Pow er Automation Equipment,2012,32(9):85-89,100.
[8] LIN X,GOLE A M,YU M. A wide-band multi-port system equivalent for real-time digital pow er system simulators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pow er Systems,2009,24(1):237-249.
[9]欧开健.基于RTDS宽频等值的大规模交直流电网实时仿真技术探讨[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(1):51-53.OU Kaijian. On RTDS FDNE based real-time simulation technologies for the large-scale AC&DC pow er system[J].Southern Pow er System Technology,2013,7(1):51-53.
[10]翁华,徐政,王兴刚,等.南方电网交直流系统的简化方法[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):108-112.WENG Hua,XU Zheng,WANG Xinggan,et al. A reduction method for AC/DC system of China Southern Pow er Grid[J].Pow er System Technology,2012,36(3):108-112.
[11] DONG H F,WENG H,HAN F,et al. Reduction and modelling method of large-scale alternating current/direct current pow er systems for electromagnetic transient simulation[J]. IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2014,8(10):1667-1676.
[12]康义,陆韶琦,陈凌云,等.适用于电磁暂态仿真的大电网简化方法及在南方电网的应用[J].电力建设,2017,38(1):31-38.KANG Yi,LU Shaoqi,CHEN Lingyun,et al. A reduction method of large pow er systems for electromagnetic transient simulation and its application in China Southern Grid[J]. Electric Pow er Construction,2017,38(1):31-38.
[13]李庚银.电力系统分析基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2015.
[14]刘文焯,侯俊贤,汤涌,等.考虑不对称故障的机电暂态-电磁暂态混合仿真方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):8-15.LIU Wenzhuo, HOU Junxian, TANG Yong, et al.Electromechanical transient/electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation method considering asymmetric faults[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(13):8-15.
[15]欧开健,张树卿,童陆园,等.基于并行计算机/RTDS的混合实时仿真不对称故障接口交互与实现[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(2):178-185.OU Kaijian,ZHANG Shuqing,TONG Luyuan,et al. Interface method and implementation for asymmetric fault simulation on parallel computer/RTDS-based hybrid simulator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(2):178-185.
[16]姚淑玲,田华.基于BPA和PSASP程序的短路电流计算比对[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(14):112-115.YAO Shuling,TIAN Hua. A comparison betw een BPA and PSASP softw are programs for calculating short-circuit current[J].Automation of Electric Pow er Systems,2011,35(14):112-115.
[17] IEEE recommended practice for excitation system models for power system stability studies:IEEE Std 421. 5-2016(Revision of IEEE Std 421. 5-2005)[S]. 2016.