国有企业改革:成就、经验与建议
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摘要
改革开放40多年来,我国国有企业改革取得了巨大成就。国有企业总体上已经同市场经济相融合,实力和影响力不断增强,国有经济布局和结构持续优化,监管体系不断规范和完善。成就的取得完全得益于改革开放的大潮,以及社会主义市场经济体制的持续完善。具体到国企改革的操作层面,主要有四个方面的"始终坚持",即始终坚持"两个毫不动摇",始终坚持市场化改革方向,始终坚持政企分开、政资分开原则,始终坚持统筹推进与重点突破相结合。面对新时代国民经济高质量发展、创新发展的要求,激发和增强国有企业的活力,提升国有资本的引导力、带动力,实现国有经济与民营经济优势互补、共同发展,应成为未来国资国企改革的重中之重。
For more than 40 years of reform and opening up,China's state-owned enterprise reform has made great achievements. State-owned enterprises have generally merged with the market economy,their strength and influence have been continuously enhanced,the layout and structure of the state-owned economy have continued to be optimized,and the regulatory system has been continuously standardized and improved.The achievement was completely benefited from the tide of reform and opening up and the continuous improvement of the socialist market economic system. Specific to the operational level of state-owned enterprise reform,there are mainly four aspects of "always adhere to",that is,always adhere to the "two unwavering",always adhere to the direction of market-oriented reform,and always adhere to the principle of separation of government and enterprise,separation of government and capital,and always adhere to the combination of overall planning and key breakthroughs. Facing the requirements of high-quality development and innovation of the national economy in the New Era,stimulating and strengthening the vitality of state-owned enterprises,improving the guiding force and driving force of state-owned capital,and realizing the complementary and common development of the state-owned economy and the private economy should become the top priority for the reform of state-owned enterprises in the future.
For more than 40 years of reform and opening up,China's state-owned enterprise reform has made great achievements. State-owned enterprises have generally merged with the market economy,their strength and influence have been continuously enhanced,the layout and structure of the state-owned economy have continued to be optimized,and the regulatory system has been continuously standardized and improved.The achievement was completely benefited from the tide of reform and opening up and the continuous improvement of the socialist market economic system. Specific to the operational level of state-owned enterprise reform,there are mainly four aspects of "always adhere to",that is,always adhere to the "two unwavering",always adhere to the direction of market-oriented reform,and always adhere to the principle of separation of government and enterprise,separation of government and capital,and always adhere to the combination of overall planning and key breakthroughs. Facing the requirements of high-quality development and innovation of the national economy in the New Era,stimulating and strengthening the vitality of state-owned enterprises,improving the guiding force and driving force of state-owned capital,and realizing the complementary and common development of the state-owned economy and the private economy should become the top priority for the reform of state-owned enterprises in the future.
引文
[1]许皓.我国竞争中立的应然之路[J].湖北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2019(1):143-149.
[2][6]杨鹏.我国国有资产管理体制改革研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2015.
[3][8][11][12][15]袁东明,袁璐瑶.培育世界一流企业须以增强企业活力为根本[R].国务院发展研究中心调研报告,2019.
[4]百家言[J].求是,2013(12):58-60.
[5]蒋大兴.国资监管职能的重组——如何应对国企外派监事会的取消?[J].南开学报(哲学社会科学版),2019(3):86-99.
[7][9][10]袁东明,袁璐瑶.以增活力为抓手培育世界一流企业[N].经济日报,2019-05-29.
[13]袁东明,陶平生.国有资本投资运营公司的运行与治理机制[J].发展研究,2015(6):29-32.
[14]国务院发展研究中心“中国经济实力显著增强条件下的对外开放战略研究”课题组.把培育国际一流跨国公司作为新一轮国企改革的重要目标[J].发展研究,2016(9):4-8.
[16][17][18]袁东明.改革应以增强企业活力为本[J].国家电网,2019(2):22-23.
(1)数据来源:2002-2018年《中国财政年鉴》。
(1)数据来源:2001-2017年《中国财政年鉴》。
[2][6]杨鹏.我国国有资产管理体制改革研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2015.
[3][8][11][12][15]袁东明,袁璐瑶.培育世界一流企业须以增强企业活力为根本[R].国务院发展研究中心调研报告,2019.
[4]百家言[J].求是,2013(12):58-60.
[5]蒋大兴.国资监管职能的重组——如何应对国企外派监事会的取消?[J].南开学报(哲学社会科学版),2019(3):86-99.
[7][9][10]袁东明,袁璐瑶.以增活力为抓手培育世界一流企业[N].经济日报,2019-05-29.
[13]袁东明,陶平生.国有资本投资运营公司的运行与治理机制[J].发展研究,2015(6):29-32.
[14]国务院发展研究中心“中国经济实力显著增强条件下的对外开放战略研究”课题组.把培育国际一流跨国公司作为新一轮国企改革的重要目标[J].发展研究,2016(9):4-8.
[16][17][18]袁东明.改革应以增强企业活力为本[J].国家电网,2019(2):22-23.
(1)数据来源:2002-2018年《中国财政年鉴》。
(1)数据来源:2001-2017年《中国财政年鉴》。