碳酸钙阻垢效果影响因素实验研究
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摘要
为了研究多因素共同作用对碳酸钙阻垢效果的影响,采用静态阻垢法对筛选出的浓度为100mg/L的PESA阻垢剂开展了碳酸钙阻垢效果影响因素研究。首先,采用单因素分析法开展了阻垢剂类型、浓度、碳酸钙过饱和度、含盐量以及pH值对碳酸钙阻垢效果的影响实验,然后,根据单因素实验结果设计正交实验,通过正交实验研究了含盐量、温度、CO_2分压和pH值共同作用时对碳酸钙阻垢效果的影响。单因素实验结果表明,随着碳酸钙过饱和度的增大阻垢剂PESA的阻垢率减小,随着含盐量的增大阻垢剂PESA的阻垢率先增大后相对减小,随着pH值的增大阻垢剂PESA的阻垢率先增大后减小;临界含盐量为50 g/L时,阻垢率可达95.85%;pH值为6.5~8.0时阻垢效果最佳,阻垢率为90%。由正交实验结果可知,温度对PESA阻垢剂的阻垢率影响最为显著,对应的极差为8.2,P值为0.002,其次为pH值和CO_2分压,而含盐量的影响作用微乎其微。最优因素水平组合为温度60℃、pH值7.5、CO_2分压1.5MPa、含盐量5.5 g/L,此时阻垢剂PESA对碳酸钙的阻垢效果最好。
In order to study the influence of the combined action of multiple factors on the calcium carbonate scale inhibition,100 mg/L of PES A screened out by static scale inhibition method were employed in the experimental research on the factors affecting calcium carbonate scale inhibition.First,we studied the impact of inhibitor type,inhibitor concentration,supersaturation,salinity,and pH on calcium carbonate scaling inhibition separately by single factor analysis.Then orthogonal experiment was designed based on the experimental results of different factors.The experiment studied the combined action of temperature,salinity,partial pressure of CO_2 and pH.The result of the single factor analysis showed that the scale inhibition rate of PESA decreased as supersaturation increased,and climbed up first and then declined slowly as salinity or pH increased.Scale inhibition rate reached 95.85%at the critical salinity,which turned to be 50 g/L.And optimal inhibition rate was 90%when pH varied from 6.5 to 8.0.The result of the orthogonal experiment showed that temperature was the key factor on scale inhibition rate with 8.2 Xbar-R and 0.002 P.Followed by pH and CO_2 partial pressure,the influence of salt content was negligible.Finally,the optimum combination of influencing factors was obtained,and the analysis showed that 60 ℃,7.5 pH,1.5 MPa CO_2 partial pressure,5.5 g/L salinity would produce the best scaling inhibition result.
In order to study the influence of the combined action of multiple factors on the calcium carbonate scale inhibition,100 mg/L of PES A screened out by static scale inhibition method were employed in the experimental research on the factors affecting calcium carbonate scale inhibition.First,we studied the impact of inhibitor type,inhibitor concentration,supersaturation,salinity,and pH on calcium carbonate scaling inhibition separately by single factor analysis.Then orthogonal experiment was designed based on the experimental results of different factors.The experiment studied the combined action of temperature,salinity,partial pressure of CO_2 and pH.The result of the single factor analysis showed that the scale inhibition rate of PESA decreased as supersaturation increased,and climbed up first and then declined slowly as salinity or pH increased.Scale inhibition rate reached 95.85%at the critical salinity,which turned to be 50 g/L.And optimal inhibition rate was 90%when pH varied from 6.5 to 8.0.The result of the orthogonal experiment showed that temperature was the key factor on scale inhibition rate with 8.2 Xbar-R and 0.002 P.Followed by pH and CO_2 partial pressure,the influence of salt content was negligible.Finally,the optimum combination of influencing factors was obtained,and the analysis showed that 60 ℃,7.5 pH,1.5 MPa CO_2 partial pressure,5.5 g/L salinity would produce the best scaling inhibition result.
引文
[1]#12.
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[13]XU Bo,CHEN Tao,CHEN Ping,et al.Influence of calcium and bicarbonate ions on the kinetics of CaCO_3 formation at hthp in the absence and presence of scale inhibitors[C].SPE 169769,2014.
[14]胡丹.环保型无磷缓蚀阻垢剂的研制及缓蚀阻垢机理研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.
[15]曹宗仑,陈进富,何绍群,等.高矿化度油田采出水中的碳酸钙结垢动力学[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版).2008,32(4):132-135.
[16]邓振伟.于萍,陈玲.SPSS软件在正交试验设计、结果分析中的应用[J].电脑学习,2009(5):15-17.DENG Zhenwei,YU Ping,CHEN Ling.Application of SPSS software in orthogonal design and result analysis[J].Computer Study,2009(5):15-17.
[2]邱正阳.蜀南气矿采气井筒结垢机理与防垢措施研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2012.
[3]ODDO J E,SMITH J P,TOMSON M B.Analysis of and solutions to the CaCO_3 and CaSO_4 scaling problems encountered in wells offshore Indonesia[C].SPE 22782,1991.
[4]生许磊.油田阻垢剂的阻垢性能研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[5]王香爱.我国阻垢剂的研究进展[J].应用化工,2009,38(1):131-134,147.WANG Xiang'ai.The study progress of scale inhibitors in our country[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2009,38(1):131-134,147.
[6]赵彦生,孙凤儿.刘永梅,等.我国聚合物阻垢剂的研究新进展[J].化学与生物工程,2007,24(2):1-4.ZHAO Yansheng,SUN Fenger,LIU Yongmei,et al.The new development of research on copolymer scale inhibitor in China[J].Chemical and Bioengineering,2007,24(2):1-4.
[7]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 16632—2008水处理剂阻垢性能的测定—碳酸钙沉积法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[8]李洪建,孟雪.李然,等.影响硫酸钡阻垢效果因素实验研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(1):139-144.LI Hongjian,MENG Xue,LI Ran,et al.Experimental study on factors affecting the effect of barium sulfate scale inhibition[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2014,36(1):139-144.
[9]0stvold T,Randhol P.Kinetics of CaCO_3 scale formation.The influence of temperature,supersaturation and Ionic composition[C].SPE 68302,2001.
[10]LARSEN T,LIOLIOU M,OSTVOLD T,et al.Kinetics of CaCOi scale formation during core flooding[C].SPE114045,2008.
[11]MULLIN J W Crystallization[M].第3版.北京:世界图书出版公司北京公司,2000.
[12]江绍静,余华贵,刘春燕.高矿化度体系碳酸钙结垢动力学研究[J].应用化工,2011,40(9):1623-1628.JIANG Shaojing,YU Huagui,LIU Chunyan.Research on the scaling dynamic modelof the high salinity system[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2011,40(9):1623-1628.
[13]XU Bo,CHEN Tao,CHEN Ping,et al.Influence of calcium and bicarbonate ions on the kinetics of CaCO_3 formation at hthp in the absence and presence of scale inhibitors[C].SPE 169769,2014.
[14]胡丹.环保型无磷缓蚀阻垢剂的研制及缓蚀阻垢机理研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.
[15]曹宗仑,陈进富,何绍群,等.高矿化度油田采出水中的碳酸钙结垢动力学[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版).2008,32(4):132-135.
[16]邓振伟.于萍,陈玲.SPSS软件在正交试验设计、结果分析中的应用[J].电脑学习,2009(5):15-17.DENG Zhenwei,YU Ping,CHEN Ling.Application of SPSS software in orthogonal design and result analysis[J].Computer Study,2009(5):15-17.