持续低温对断奶仔猪生长性能、饲料养分表观消化率及血液生化指标的影响
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摘要
为了阐明持续低温对断奶仔猪生长性能、饲料养分表观消化率和血液生化指标的影响。试验采用单因素随机试验设计,选取体重相近[(7.11±0.51) kg],26日龄刚断奶的健康三元(杜×长×大)仔猪108头,依照体重随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6头猪,试验A组与试验B组分别饲养于14～18℃和19～23℃下,对照C组饲养于适温24～28℃下,试验期21 d。结果表明:①C组的ADG、ADFI分别比A组和B组高51.04%、22.96%和28.32%、11.08%(P<0.05);C组F/G显著优于A、B组(P<0.05)。②腹泻指数在A组极显著高于B、C组(P<0.01),C组腹泻率较A、B组分别降低9.79、3.85个百分点。③C组干物质表观消化率极显著高于A、B组(P<0.01);A、B组粗蛋白表观消化率较C组分别低4.27、1.82个百分点;A、B组粗脂肪表观消化率较C组分别低7.08、2.51个百分点;A、B组能量利用率较C组分别低1.6、0.5个百分点;④仔猪的TP、ALB含量在A组都显著高于B、C组(P<0.05),B组显著高于C组(P<0.05);A、B两组的GLO含量都显著高于C组(P<0.05)。说明持续低温会显著降低仔猪的生长性能、饲料养分表观消化率,并引起血液中参与机体调节物质含量上升,以应对持续低温的不良影响。
To illustrate the effect of continuous hypothermia on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and blood biochemical indexes of weaned piglets. Test using single factor randomized trial design, 108 weaned piglets with similar body weight of(7.11±0.51) kg were selected and randomly allotted into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 pigs per replicate. Experiment group A and B respectively raising in 14～18 ℃ and 19～23 ℃, the control group C raising in 24～28 ℃. The experiment lasted for 21 days. Results showed that: ① ADG, ADFI of group C were significantly 51.04%, 22.96%higher than group A and 28%, 11% higher than group B(P<0.05), respectively. F/G of group C was significantly better than that of group A and group B(P<0.05). ② Diarrhea index of group A was significantly higher than group B and group C(P<0.01). Diarrhea rate of group C was 9.79, 3.85 lower than that of group A and group B, respectively. ③ Nutrient apparent digestibility of DM of group C was significantly higher than group A and group B(P<0.01). Nutrient apparent digestibility of CP of group C was 4.27%, 1.82% higher than that of group A and group B. Nutrient apparent digestibility of EE of group C was 7.08%, 2.51%higher than that of group A and group B. Nutrient apparent digestibility of DE of group C was1.6%, 0.5% higher than those of group A and group B, respectively. ④ The TP and ALB of group A were significantly higher than group B and group C(P<0.05), but group B was significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05). Group A and group B's GLO were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05), respectively. It is concluded that continuous hypothermia can significantly reduce piglet growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility of feed and lead to participate in the body to adjust material content in the blood rise, in response to the negative effects of continuous hypothermia.
To illustrate the effect of continuous hypothermia on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and blood biochemical indexes of weaned piglets. Test using single factor randomized trial design, 108 weaned piglets with similar body weight of(7.11±0.51) kg were selected and randomly allotted into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 pigs per replicate. Experiment group A and B respectively raising in 14～18 ℃ and 19～23 ℃, the control group C raising in 24～28 ℃. The experiment lasted for 21 days. Results showed that: ① ADG, ADFI of group C were significantly 51.04%, 22.96%higher than group A and 28%, 11% higher than group B(P<0.05), respectively. F/G of group C was significantly better than that of group A and group B(P<0.05). ② Diarrhea index of group A was significantly higher than group B and group C(P<0.01). Diarrhea rate of group C was 9.79, 3.85 lower than that of group A and group B, respectively. ③ Nutrient apparent digestibility of DM of group C was significantly higher than group A and group B(P<0.01). Nutrient apparent digestibility of CP of group C was 4.27%, 1.82% higher than that of group A and group B. Nutrient apparent digestibility of EE of group C was 7.08%, 2.51%higher than that of group A and group B. Nutrient apparent digestibility of DE of group C was1.6%, 0.5% higher than those of group A and group B, respectively. ④ The TP and ALB of group A were significantly higher than group B and group C(P<0.05), but group B was significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05). Group A and group B's GLO were significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05), respectively. It is concluded that continuous hypothermia can significantly reduce piglet growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility of feed and lead to participate in the body to adjust material content in the blood rise, in response to the negative effects of continuous hypothermia.
引文
[1]王建勇,黄大鹏.低温环境及营养水平对育肥猪生长性能影响效应研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2015,27(1):37-41.
[2]冯霞,王思珍,曹颖霞,等.饮水温度对断奶仔猪生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(3):40-44.
[3]王文涛.低温环境下民猪血液生化指标的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(7):14-16.
[4]杨广达,王丽,易宏波,等.罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1对断奶仔猪血清生化指标和肠道营养物质转运载体mRNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(11):4589-4600.
[5] M Castillo, Sm Martín-OrúE, Ja Taylor-pickard, et al. Use of mannanoligosacchar ides and zinc chelate as growth promoters and diarrhea preventative in weaned pigs:Effects on microbiota and gut function[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2008, 86(1):94-101.
[6]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,2003:16-49.
[7]夏欢,张彩云,高天增,等.饲喂方式和饲养温度对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(9):56-59.
[8]于潇滢,韩蕊,秦贵信.环境温度对猪生产性能、养分消化和产热量的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(17):136-138.
[9]张宗伟,李娜,刘庆雨,等.北方寒冷地区冬季不同保温措施对猪生长性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(3):101-102.
[10]张秋亭,赵婉莹,刘继军,等.猪舍内温度和通风对猪的影响研究综述[J].猪业科学,2016,33(3):38-40.
[11]王建勇.低温环境及营养水平对育肥猪血液指标和肌肉品质的影响[D].黑龙江八一农垦大学,2015:21-28.
[12]于潇滢.环境温度对生长猪生长性能、养分消化及能量代谢的影响[D].吉林农业大学,2017:19-22.
[13]徐奇友,许治冲,王常安,等.不同温度下饲料脂肪水平对松浦镜鲤幼鱼肝脏游离脂肪酸、血清生化及肝脏组织结构的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,43(9):118-126.
[2]冯霞,王思珍,曹颖霞,等.饮水温度对断奶仔猪生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(3):40-44.
[3]王文涛.低温环境下民猪血液生化指标的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(7):14-16.
[4]杨广达,王丽,易宏波,等.罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1对断奶仔猪血清生化指标和肠道营养物质转运载体mRNA表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(11):4589-4600.
[5] M Castillo, Sm Martín-OrúE, Ja Taylor-pickard, et al. Use of mannanoligosacchar ides and zinc chelate as growth promoters and diarrhea preventative in weaned pigs:Effects on microbiota and gut function[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2008, 86(1):94-101.
[6]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,2003:16-49.
[7]夏欢,张彩云,高天增,等.饲喂方式和饲养温度对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(9):56-59.
[8]于潇滢,韩蕊,秦贵信.环境温度对猪生产性能、养分消化和产热量的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(17):136-138.
[9]张宗伟,李娜,刘庆雨,等.北方寒冷地区冬季不同保温措施对猪生长性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(3):101-102.
[10]张秋亭,赵婉莹,刘继军,等.猪舍内温度和通风对猪的影响研究综述[J].猪业科学,2016,33(3):38-40.
[11]王建勇.低温环境及营养水平对育肥猪血液指标和肌肉品质的影响[D].黑龙江八一农垦大学,2015:21-28.
[12]于潇滢.环境温度对生长猪生长性能、养分消化及能量代谢的影响[D].吉林农业大学,2017:19-22.
[13]徐奇友,许治冲,王常安,等.不同温度下饲料脂肪水平对松浦镜鲤幼鱼肝脏游离脂肪酸、血清生化及肝脏组织结构的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,43(9):118-126.