我国养殖中华绒螯蟹中铅残留现状及健康风险评价
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摘要
目的了解我国养殖中华绒螯蟹中重金属铅的残留情况。方法 2017年9～10月在黄河、辽河、长江3个流域附近的养殖池塘采集中华绒螯蟹86仹,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)法对样品体内重金属铅的含量水平进行了测定。结果采集的中华绒螯蟹体内重金属铅的含量在ND(未检出)～0.579 mg/kg之间,检出率为69.77%。不同地区分析显示,黄河、辽河、长江3个流域附近养殖中华绒螯蟹体内重金属铅的含量没有显著性差异。江苏地区洪泽湖、高邮邵伯湖、固城湖、长荡湖和滆湖、太湖、阳澄湖的中华绒螯蟹体内重金属铅的残留量分别为0.126、0.042、0.162、0.069、0.027、0.043mg/kg。风险评估结果显示,在正常消费水平下,靶标危害系数(target hazard quotients, THQ)值均未超过1,表明食用中华绒螯蟹铅的健康风险低。结论本次研究为合理食用中华绒螯蟹提供了一定依据。
Objective To investigate the residue of heavy metal of lead in Eriocheir sinensis. Methods From September to October 2017, 86 samples of Eriocheir sinensis were collected from Yellow River, Liaohe and Yangtse River aquaculture ponds. The content of lead in samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). Results The content of heavy metal lead in the Eriocheir sinensis ranged from ND(not detected) to 0.579 mg/kg, and the sample detection rate was 69.77%. The analysis of different areas showed that there was no significant difference in the content of heavy metal lead in Eriocheir sinensis cultured near the Yellow River,Liaohe and Yangtse River. The residues of lead in Eriocheir sinensis in Hongze Lake, Gaoyou Shaobo Lake, Gucheng Lake, Changdang and Ge lakes, Taihu Lake and Yangcheng Lake were 0.126, 0.042, 0.162, 0.069, 0.027, 0.043 mg/kg, respectively. Risk assessments had not seen a target hazard quotients(THQ) value above 1 in normal consumption levels, which indicated that there was a low health risk of consuming lead in Eriocheir sinensis.Conclusion The study provided a basis for the rational consumption of Eriocheir sinensis.
Objective To investigate the residue of heavy metal of lead in Eriocheir sinensis. Methods From September to October 2017, 86 samples of Eriocheir sinensis were collected from Yellow River, Liaohe and Yangtse River aquaculture ponds. The content of lead in samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). Results The content of heavy metal lead in the Eriocheir sinensis ranged from ND(not detected) to 0.579 mg/kg, and the sample detection rate was 69.77%. The analysis of different areas showed that there was no significant difference in the content of heavy metal lead in Eriocheir sinensis cultured near the Yellow River,Liaohe and Yangtse River. The residues of lead in Eriocheir sinensis in Hongze Lake, Gaoyou Shaobo Lake, Gucheng Lake, Changdang and Ge lakes, Taihu Lake and Yangcheng Lake were 0.126, 0.042, 0.162, 0.069, 0.027, 0.043 mg/kg, respectively. Risk assessments had not seen a target hazard quotients(THQ) value above 1 in normal consumption levels, which indicated that there was a low health risk of consuming lead in Eriocheir sinensis.Conclusion The study provided a basis for the rational consumption of Eriocheir sinensis.
引文
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[21]陈乾坤,刘涛,胡志新,等.江苏省西部湖泊表层沉积物中重金属分布特征及其潜在生态风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,(5):1044-1050.Chen QK,Liu T,Hu ZX,et al.Distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from the lakes of west Jiangsu province[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2013,(5):1044-1050.
[22]王伟,樊祥科,黄春贵,等.江苏省五大湖泊水体重金属的监测与比较分析[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(3):494-501.Wang W,Fan XK,Huang CG,et al.Monitoring and comparison analysis of heavy metals in the five great lakes in Jiangsu province[J].J Lake Sci,2016,28(3):494-501.
[23]方芳,季雨珊,李想,等.ICP-MS研究太湖过滤水和表层沉积物中重金属的含量水平及污染评价[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2018,38(4):1245-1250.Fang F,Ji YS,Li X,et al.Assessment of pollution and heavy metals in filtered water and surface sediments of Taihu Lake by using ICP-MS[J].Spectrosc Spectr Anal,2018,38(4):1245-1250.
[24]Zeng HA,Wu JL.Heavy metal pollution of lakes along the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze river in China:intensity,sources and spatial patterns[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2013,10(3):793-807.
[25]The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.WHOTechnical Report Series No.960.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants[R].Geneva:WHO,2011.
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[27]杨永存,李浩,杨冬燕,等.硒对铅毒性拮抗作用的研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2018,9(1):1-6.Yang YC,Li H,Yang DY,et al.Advances in antagonistic effects of selenium on lead toxicity[J].J Food Saf Qual,2018,9(1):1-6.
[28]赖建强,荫士安,徐青梅,等.大鼠脑铅和血铅含量对学习记忆的影响与硒锌的保护作用[J].卫生研究,2004,33(2):218-220.Lai JQ,Yin SA,Xu QM,et al.Protection of zinc and selenium content of brain and blood on learning and memory exposed to lead in growing rats[J].J Hyg Res,2004,33(2):218-220.
[29]陈佩丼,周雅燕,刘彬,等.补锌及补硒对婴幼儿铅中毒治疗敁果分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2007,22(6):744-745.Chen PL,Zhou YY,Liu B,et al.Therapeutic effects of zinc and selenium replenishment on children with lead poisoning[J].Matern Child Health Care China,2007,22(6):744-745.
[30]黄春红,杨品红,韩庆,等.池塘精养中华绒螯蟹营养成分分析与评价[J].食品与机械,2013,29(1):61-65.Huang CH,Yang PH,Han Q,et al.Nutrients analysis on the edible parts of Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards[J].Food Mach,2013,29(1):61-65.
[2]韦友欢,黄秋婵.铅对人体健康的危害敁应及其防治途径[J].微量元素与健康研究,2008,25(4):62-64.Wei YH,Huang QC.The toxicological effect of lead on the human and its measures of preventing[J].Study Trace Element Health,2008,25(4):62-64.
[3]刘潇威,何英,赵玉杰,等.农产品中重金属风险评估的研究与进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(1):15-18.Liu XW,He Y,Zhao YJ,et al.Risk assessments for heavy metals in agri-foods[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2007,26(1):15-18.
[4]Lanphear BP,Richard H,Jane K,et al.Low-level environmental lead exposure and children’s intellectual function:an international pooled analysis[J].Environ Health Perspect,2005,113(7):894-899.
[5]吕玉桦,石小飞,刘珊渡,等.我国0~6岁儿童血铅水平及流行特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(2):149-154.Lv YH,Shi XF,Liu SD,et al.Analysis of blood lead level and its epidemiological characteristics in children aged 0-6 years in China[J].Pract Prev Med,2015,22(2):149-154.
[6]李志勇,许业莉,刘津,等.国内外农食产品重金属限量比较分析[J].食品科技,2010,35(6):318-321.Li ZY,Xu YL,Liu J,et al.Comparative analysis on heavy metals limits of agro-food products in China and abroad[J].Food Sci Technol,2010,35(6):318-321.
[7]赵静,孙海娟,冯叙桥.食品中重金属铅污染状况及其检测技术研究进展[J].食品与収酵工业,2014,40(9):122-127.Zhao J,Sun HJ,Feng XQ.Research progress on the pollution of heavy metals lead and its detection technology in food[J].Food Ferment Ind,2014,40(9):122-127.
[8]卢垣宇.2017年贵州省皮蛋中铅的检测与分析[J].山东化工,2018,47(5):88-89.Lu YY.Detection and analysis of lead in preserved egg of Guizhou in2017[J].Shandong Chem Ind,2018,47(5):88-89.
[9]李文,米娜莎,林洪.我国鲆鲽鱼中铅的膳食暴露初步评估[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2012,2(2):22-26.Li W,Mi NS,Lin H.Health assessment of dietary exposure of Pb in the flatfish of China[J].Chin Fish Qual Stand,2012,2(2):22-26.
[10]何佳璐.舟山地区海水鱼中铅与镉污染现状调查[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2013,23(11):2526-2527.He JL.Investigation on lead and cadmium residue in seafish of Zhoushan area[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2013,23(11):2526-2527.
[11]汪晓静,刁飞燕,张静,等.济南市售食用鱼铅、镉、砷含量调查及污染状况评价[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2011,49(5):153-155.Wang XJ,Diao FY,Zhang J,et al.Determination and evaluation of lead cadmium and arsenic in edible fish in the markets of Jinan[J].J Shandong Univ(Health Sci),2011,49(5):153-155.
[12]王武,成永旭,李应森.河蟹养殖及蟹文化(1)河蟹的生物学[J].水产科技情报,2007,34(1):25-28.Qang W,Cheng YX,Li YS.Culture technique of Chinese mitten crab and crab culture(1)[J].Fish Sci Technol Inf,2007,34(1):25-28.
[13]崔毅,陈碧娟,宋云利,等.胶州湾海水、海洋生物体中重金属含量的研究[J].应用生态学报,1997,8(3):650-654.Cui Y,Chen BJ,Song YL,et al.Heavy metals content in sea water and marine organisms at Jiaozhou bay[J].Chin J Appl Ecol,1997,8(3):650-654.
[14]Zhang L,Zhang D,Wei YH,et al.Risk assessment of trace elements in cultured freshwater fishes from Jiangxi province,China[J].Environ Monit Ass,2014,(186):2185-2194.
[15]吴永宁,赵云峰,李敬光.第五次中国总膳食研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2018.Wu YN,Zhao YF,Li JG.The fifth China total diet study[M].Beijing:Science Press,2018.
[16]Li J,Huang Z,Hu Y,et al.Potential risk assessment of heavy metals by consuming shellfish collected from Xiamen,China[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2013,20(5):2937-2947.
[17]农业部渔业渔政管理局.中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017.Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China.China fisheries statistics yearbook[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2017.
[18]GB 2762-2017食品中污染物限量[S].GB 2762-2017 Contaminants in food limited[S].
[19]王海东,方凤满,谢宏芳,等.芜湖市区土壤重金属污染评价及来源分析[J].城市环境与城市生态,2010,23(4):36-40.Wang HD,Fang FM,Xie HF,et al.Pollution evaluation and source analysis of heavy metal in urban soil of Wuhu city[J].Urban Environ Urban Ecol,2010,23(4):36-40.
[20]李山泉,杨金玱,阮心玱,等.南京市大气沉降中重金属特征及对土壤环境的影响[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(1):22-29.Li SQ,Yang JL,Ruan XL,et al.Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals and their impacts on soil environmentin in typical urban areas of Nanjing[J].China Environ Sci,2014,34(1):22-29.
[21]陈乾坤,刘涛,胡志新,等.江苏省西部湖泊表层沉积物中重金属分布特征及其潜在生态风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,(5):1044-1050.Chen QK,Liu T,Hu ZX,et al.Distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from the lakes of west Jiangsu province[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2013,(5):1044-1050.
[22]王伟,樊祥科,黄春贵,等.江苏省五大湖泊水体重金属的监测与比较分析[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(3):494-501.Wang W,Fan XK,Huang CG,et al.Monitoring and comparison analysis of heavy metals in the five great lakes in Jiangsu province[J].J Lake Sci,2016,28(3):494-501.
[23]方芳,季雨珊,李想,等.ICP-MS研究太湖过滤水和表层沉积物中重金属的含量水平及污染评价[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2018,38(4):1245-1250.Fang F,Ji YS,Li X,et al.Assessment of pollution and heavy metals in filtered water and surface sediments of Taihu Lake by using ICP-MS[J].Spectrosc Spectr Anal,2018,38(4):1245-1250.
[24]Zeng HA,Wu JL.Heavy metal pollution of lakes along the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze river in China:intensity,sources and spatial patterns[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2013,10(3):793-807.
[25]The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.WHOTechnical Report Series No.960.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants[R].Geneva:WHO,2011.
[26]曾晨,郭少娟,杨立新.汞、镉、铅、砷单一和混合暴露的毒性敁应及机理研究进展[J].环境工程技术学报,2018,8(2):221-230.Zeng C,Guo SJ,Yang LX.Toxic effects and mechanisms of exposure to single and mixture of mercury,cadmium,lead and arsenic[J].J Environ Eng Technol,2018,8(2):221-230.
[27]杨永存,李浩,杨冬燕,等.硒对铅毒性拮抗作用的研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2018,9(1):1-6.Yang YC,Li H,Yang DY,et al.Advances in antagonistic effects of selenium on lead toxicity[J].J Food Saf Qual,2018,9(1):1-6.
[28]赖建强,荫士安,徐青梅,等.大鼠脑铅和血铅含量对学习记忆的影响与硒锌的保护作用[J].卫生研究,2004,33(2):218-220.Lai JQ,Yin SA,Xu QM,et al.Protection of zinc and selenium content of brain and blood on learning and memory exposed to lead in growing rats[J].J Hyg Res,2004,33(2):218-220.
[29]陈佩丼,周雅燕,刘彬,等.补锌及补硒对婴幼儿铅中毒治疗敁果分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2007,22(6):744-745.Chen PL,Zhou YY,Liu B,et al.Therapeutic effects of zinc and selenium replenishment on children with lead poisoning[J].Matern Child Health Care China,2007,22(6):744-745.
[30]黄春红,杨品红,韩庆,等.池塘精养中华绒螯蟹营养成分分析与评价[J].食品与机械,2013,29(1):61-65.Huang CH,Yang PH,Han Q,et al.Nutrients analysis on the edible parts of Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards[J].Food Mach,2013,29(1):61-65.