红松开花结实研究进展
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摘要
红松是东北地区珍贵的果材兼用树种,雌雄同株异花,其木材可作家具、建筑等行业材料,松籽可食用和药用,具有很高的生态和经济价值。早年间的红松林大多用于取材,对松籽价值考虑甚少。而随着社会水平的提高,人们对饮食健康的要求越来越高,具有较高营养价值的红松籽也越来越受到人们的喜爱。近几年国有林场陷入森林资源危机和经济危困,林业改革不断进行,并且市场对于红松副产品——红松籽的需求量在不断地加大,红松籽供不应求。在这样的背景下,促进红松开花结实方面的研究就逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。有关促进红松开花结实的研究较多,常规的方法包括良种选育、嫁接、施肥等,能在一定程度上促使红松提早开花结实。本综述整理了促进红松开花与结实的相关资料,并对这些材料进行了归纳总结,以期为红松果材兼用林的营建提供理论参考,并对以后该方面的研究方向提出展望。
Pinus koraiensis is a precious fruit and timber tree species in Northeast China. It is a hermaphrodite plant, and it can be used as the material for furniture, building and other industries. Pine seeds are edible and medicinal, and have high ecological value and economic value. In the early years, Pinus koraiensis forests were mostly used as materials, and little consideration was given to the value of pine seeds. With the improvement of the social level, people are increasingly demanding dietary health, and Pinus koraiensis seeds with high nutritional value are also increasingly popular with people. However, in recent years, state-owned forest farms are trapped into the forest resources crisis and economic crisis. Forestry reform is continuing, and market demand for Pinus koraiensis seeds is increasing, and Pinus koraiensis seeds are in short supply. In such a background, the research on promoting flower and fruit of Pinus koraiensis has gradually become the focus of attention. In recent years, there have been many studies on the promotion of flowering and fruiting of Pinus koraiensis. The conventional methods include improved seed selection, grafting, fertilization and so on, which can make Pinus koraiensis early flowering and even high yield. This review collated the relevant information for the promotion of Pinus koraiensis and summarized these methods, hoping to provide a theoretical reference for the construction of Pinus koraiensis fruit-concrete forests. Also, the prospects for future research in this area are also presented.
Pinus koraiensis is a precious fruit and timber tree species in Northeast China. It is a hermaphrodite plant, and it can be used as the material for furniture, building and other industries. Pine seeds are edible and medicinal, and have high ecological value and economic value. In the early years, Pinus koraiensis forests were mostly used as materials, and little consideration was given to the value of pine seeds. With the improvement of the social level, people are increasingly demanding dietary health, and Pinus koraiensis seeds with high nutritional value are also increasingly popular with people. However, in recent years, state-owned forest farms are trapped into the forest resources crisis and economic crisis. Forestry reform is continuing, and market demand for Pinus koraiensis seeds is increasing, and Pinus koraiensis seeds are in short supply. In such a background, the research on promoting flower and fruit of Pinus koraiensis has gradually become the focus of attention. In recent years, there have been many studies on the promotion of flowering and fruiting of Pinus koraiensis. The conventional methods include improved seed selection, grafting, fertilization and so on, which can make Pinus koraiensis early flowering and even high yield. This review collated the relevant information for the promotion of Pinus koraiensis and summarized these methods, hoping to provide a theoretical reference for the construction of Pinus koraiensis fruit-concrete forests. Also, the prospects for future research in this area are also presented.
引文
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