西亚地区传染病发病趋势分析
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摘要
目的:了解"一带一路"沿线西亚地区传染病的发病特征及流行趋势。方法:通过系统查阅世界卫生组织等权威网站信息及文献资料,对2009-2013年沿线西亚地区传染病发病特征及趋势进行分析。结果:在世界卫生组织常规报告的23种疾病中,西亚地区统计报告了14种,其中12种疾病的发病较中国严重,以百日咳、利什曼、破伤风、麻疹发病较为普遍。结论:针对该地区不同国家的传染病发病情况,出境人员前往特定目的地需了解当地必须或推荐接种的特定疫苗、当地传染病情况,以便采取有效的预防措施。对西亚地区归来的人员、货物、集装箱、行李严格进行卫生检疫查验,防范疫情于国门外。
Objective: To explore epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of infectious diseases in the West Asian region along the Belt and Road Initiative. Methods: Using the method of literature analysis and expert consultation,the incidence of infectious diseases in West Asia between 2009 and 2013 was analyzed. Results: Of the 23 diseases routinely reported by WHO,14 are reported in Western Asia. The morbidity of 12 infectious diseases is higher than that in China. The prevalence of pertussis,leishmaniosis,tetanus and measles in West Asia is common. Conclusion: For the high potential infectious disease risk from West Asia,it's important that prevention and control system be improved,such as people who would go to these areas need to pay attention to these infectious diseases and get the vaccine in advance.For these people back from the areas,the epidemic was put under control through isolated treatment,personal protection,medical observation sterilization and so on to prevent epidemics outside our country.
Objective: To explore epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of infectious diseases in the West Asian region along the Belt and Road Initiative. Methods: Using the method of literature analysis and expert consultation,the incidence of infectious diseases in West Asia between 2009 and 2013 was analyzed. Results: Of the 23 diseases routinely reported by WHO,14 are reported in Western Asia. The morbidity of 12 infectious diseases is higher than that in China. The prevalence of pertussis,leishmaniosis,tetanus and measles in West Asia is common. Conclusion: For the high potential infectious disease risk from West Asia,it's important that prevention and control system be improved,such as people who would go to these areas need to pay attention to these infectious diseases and get the vaccine in advance.For these people back from the areas,the epidemic was put under control through isolated treatment,personal protection,medical observation sterilization and so on to prevent epidemics outside our country.
引文
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[15]李侗曾.百日咳再现,预防迫在眉睫[J].医师在线,2016(36):31-32.
[2] World Health Organization. World health statistics2015[M].Geneva:World Health Organization,2016.
[3]World Bank. Population Estimates and Projections[EB/OL].[2018-01-01]. http://data. worldbank. org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.
[4]李薇,王梅.百日咳现状及预防控制进展[J].预防医学论坛,2013(1):52-54.
[5]珠海出入境检验检疫局.质检卫函[2016]3号质检总局卫生司关于防止叙利亚、伊拉克等国利什曼病传入我国的警示通报[EB/OL].[2016-02-03]. http://www.zhciq.gov.cn/showInfo.do? info Id=36808.
[6]闫太东.破伤风的预防(国外资料简介)[J].生物制品资料,1977(1):40-56.
[7]深圳质检总局.关于防止麻疹传入我国的公告[EB/OL].[2011-05-26]. http://www. szciq. gov. cn/Detail.aspx? cid=21207&SiteID=27564&NodeID=943.
[8]WHO.阿塞拜疆禽流感情况最新简报[EB/OL].[2015-11-05]. http://www. who. int/csr/don/2006_04_11/zh/.
[9]国家质检总局.疫情快讯[EB/OL].[2015-11-05].http://www. aqsiq. gov. cn/xxgk_13386/xxgkztfl/tsxx/yqts/200610/t20061026_241480.html.
[10]孙艳红,杨亚明.包虫病的治疗研究进展[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2015(1):53-58.
[11]国家质量检验检疫总局.巴林[EB/OL].[2015-11-21]. http://wsjyjgs. aqsiq. gov. cn/lxjk/gjdqwsxxcx/wsxxAsia/200610/t20061027_12443.html.
[12]曹洋,涂文校,牟笛,等. 2014年11月全国突发公共卫生事件及需关注的传染病风险评估[J].疾病监测,2014(11):848-851.
[13]美国CDC. Health information for travelers to azerbaijan traveler view[EB/OL].[2018-07-31].http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/Azerbaijan.
[14]国家质量检验检疫总局.裂谷热[EB/OL].[2018-11-01]. http://wsjyjgs. aqsiq. gov. cn/lxjk/lxxgjb/lxxgjb L/200610/t20061027_9592.html.
[15]李侗曾.百日咳再现,预防迫在眉睫[J].医师在线,2016(36):31-32.