中亚地区传染病发病趋势分析
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摘要
目的:研究"一带一路"沿线中亚地区传染病的发病趋势和流行特点。方法:系统查阅世界卫生组织等权威网站信息及文献资料,采用文献归纳分析法和专家咨询论法,分析总结中亚地区2009-2013年间传染病发病的区域特点。结果:在世界卫生组织报告的23种疾病中,2013年中亚6国报告发病的有白喉、百日咳、风疹、黄热病、霍乱、脊髓灰质炎、结核病、利什曼病、流行性腮腺炎、麻风病、麻疹、疟疾、破伤风、先天性风疹综合征、新生儿破伤风、艾滋病等16种。与中国相比,发病率较高的传染病主要有结核病、利什曼病、百日咳、艾滋病、疟疾、霍乱、脊髓灰质炎、麻风病、破伤风、新生儿破伤风等10种。结论:中亚地区发病严重的传染病有结核病、利什曼病、百日咳、艾滋病以及流行性腮腺炎。与中亚国家进行国际交流合作时,应当重视这些传染病的防控。
Objective: To study the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in Central Asia along the Belt and Road Initiative. Methods: Through systematic review of information and literature of authoritative websites such as World Health Organization(WHO),the paper summarized and analyzed the regional characteristics of infectious diseases in Central Asia from 2009 to 2013 by using literature induction analysis and expert consultation measures. Results: Among the 23 diseases reported in the World Health Organization,16 diseases were reported in the 6 countries of Central Asian countries in 2013-diphtheria,pertussis,rubella,yellow fever,cholera,poliomyelitis,tuberculosis,leishmaniosis,epidemic parotitis,leprosy,Measles,malaria,tetanus,congenital rubella syndrome,neonatal tetanus,AIDS etc. Compared with China,the incidence of 10 diseases,such as AIDS,malaria,cholera,polio,leprosy,tetanus,and neonatal tetanus etc. is higher in Central Asia. Conclusion: Serious infectious diseases in Central Asia are tuberculosis,leishmaniosis,whooping cough,AIDS and mumps. In the international exchange and cooperation with Central Asia,the prevention and control of such infectious diseases should be emphasized.
Objective: To study the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in Central Asia along the Belt and Road Initiative. Methods: Through systematic review of information and literature of authoritative websites such as World Health Organization(WHO),the paper summarized and analyzed the regional characteristics of infectious diseases in Central Asia from 2009 to 2013 by using literature induction analysis and expert consultation measures. Results: Among the 23 diseases reported in the World Health Organization,16 diseases were reported in the 6 countries of Central Asian countries in 2013-diphtheria,pertussis,rubella,yellow fever,cholera,poliomyelitis,tuberculosis,leishmaniosis,epidemic parotitis,leprosy,Measles,malaria,tetanus,congenital rubella syndrome,neonatal tetanus,AIDS etc. Compared with China,the incidence of 10 diseases,such as AIDS,malaria,cholera,polio,leprosy,tetanus,and neonatal tetanus etc. is higher in Central Asia. Conclusion: Serious infectious diseases in Central Asia are tuberculosis,leishmaniosis,whooping cough,AIDS and mumps. In the international exchange and cooperation with Central Asia,the prevention and control of such infectious diseases should be emphasized.
引文
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[2]杨立卓,刘雪娇,余稳策.“一带一路”背景下我国与中亚国家贸易互补性研究[J].上海经济研究,2015(11):94-103.
[3]World Health Organization. Health Statistics 2014[EB/OL].(2017-03-22).[2015-12-01]. http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.imr.
[4]World Bank.Population Estimates and Projections[EB/OL].(2017-09-20).[2016-11-04]. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.
[5]陈晓芳.乌兹别克斯坦结核病复发率居高[J].国外医药(抗生素分册),2007(2):55-55.
[6]王卫华,卢祖洵.结核病的社会医学研究现状及趋势[J].医学与社会,2003,16(6):9-11.
[7]王凌冰,何冰,田峰,等.新疆及接壤国家传染病流行概况分析[J].口岸卫生控制,2015,20(02):23-27.
[8]国家质量监督检验检疫总局卫生检疫监管司.阿富汗简介[EB/OL].(2006-10-27).[2006-10-27]. http://wsjyjgs. aqsiq. gov. cn/lxjk/gjdqwsxxcx/wsxxAsia/200610/t20061027_12441.htm.
[9]李森,伍卫平.利什曼病的危险因素变迁与控制进展[J].疾病预防控制通报,2006,21(1):95-97.
[10]BERN C,HIGHTOWER A W,CHOWDHURY R,et al.Risk factors for kala-azar in Bangladesh[J]. Emerging infectious diseases,2005,11(5):655-662.
[11]顾灯安,金长发,张仪.利什曼病及其媒介白蛉控制的现状和展望[J].国际医学寄生虫病杂志,2006,33(5):236-238.
[12]孙柯,陈建平.利什曼病疫苗研究进展(续)[J].国际生物制品学杂志,2013,36(2):89-90.
[13]世界卫生组织.阿富汗国家信息[EB/OL].(2005-08-18)[2005-08-18]. http://www. who. int/csr/don/archive/country/kaz/en/.
[14]国家质量监督检验检疫总局动植物检疫监管司.国外动物疫情动态[EB/OL].(2015-06-09)[2015-06-09]. http://dzwjyjgs. aqsiq. gov. cn/zwgk/slaq/cjsljtjj/jyjyyq/201506/t20150629_443632.htm.
[15]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.吉尔吉斯斯坦发生炭疽[EB/OL].(2005-08-18)[2006-10-27]. http://www. aqsiq. gov. cn/zxfw/crjry/yqxxcx/200610/t20061027_274553.htm.
[16]世界卫生组织.塔吉克斯坦脊髓灰质炎[EB/OL].(2010-07-23)[2010-07-23]. http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_07_23/en/.
[17]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Health Information for Travelers to Uzbekistan[EB/OL].(2016-10-04)[2016-10-04]. http://wwwnc. cdc. gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/uzbekistan.
[18]潘彩芳,许日波.全程护理关爱模式在艾滋病与肺结核双重感染病人中的重要性[J].护理研究,2009,23(21):1921-1922.
[19]KULESH D A,LOVELESS B M,NORWOOD D,et al.Monkeypox virus detection in rodents using real-time 3'-minor groove binder Taq Man assays on the Roche LightCycler[J].Laboratory investigation,2004,84(9):1200-1208.