基于开路电压预测的SOC估算方法
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摘要
为了得到电池的荷电状态(SOC),提高其测算精度,更广泛适用于电动汽车能量管理系统,通过对锂电池进行恒流充、放电实验方法得到SOC和锂电池开路电压的曲线关系,然后将放电后的电池充分静置得到电压自恢复曲线的分析,再结合锂电池等效电路模型,应用Matlab拟合出锂电池开路电压曲线,从而推导出开路电压的计算公式,完成开路电压的预测。最后将实验结果与理论分析进行了对比,进一步验证了理论和仿真建模的正确性。这种方法克服了开路电压法测量时间长的缺点,能够准确地计算SOC,对电池管理系统有重要意义。
In order to get the state of charge(SOC)of the battery and improve the accuracy of calculation,suiting to the energy management system of electric vehicle more widely,the lithium battery curve of the open circuit voltage(UOCV)and SOC is obtained by charging and discharging battery with constant current,as well as the curve of self-recovery after discharging.The formula for estimating the open-circuit voltage is based on Matlab software for curving fitting,which is combined with the equivalent circuit model of lithium battery.Then the open circuit voltage is predicted.The shortcomings of let-stand time is solved by using the method.By comparing the experimental results with theoretical analysis,the correctness of the theory and simulation models has been further verified.Experiment result shows that this algorithm can accurately estimate the SOC and has certain significance on the research of battery management system.
In order to get the state of charge(SOC)of the battery and improve the accuracy of calculation,suiting to the energy management system of electric vehicle more widely,the lithium battery curve of the open circuit voltage(UOCV)and SOC is obtained by charging and discharging battery with constant current,as well as the curve of self-recovery after discharging.The formula for estimating the open-circuit voltage is based on Matlab software for curving fitting,which is combined with the equivalent circuit model of lithium battery.Then the open circuit voltage is predicted.The shortcomings of let-stand time is solved by using the method.By comparing the experimental results with theoretical analysis,the correctness of the theory and simulation models has been further verified.Experiment result shows that this algorithm can accurately estimate the SOC and has certain significance on the research of battery management system.
引文
[1]王坤.动力锂电池SOC估算及电池组管理系统的设计[D].大连:大连理工大学,2014.WANG Kun.SOC Estimation and Battery Management System Design for Power Lithium Battery Pack[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2014.
[2]齐洋洋.电动汽车锂电池SOC估计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.QI Yangyang.Study on SOC Estimation of Lithium Battery of Electric Vehicles[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[3]孙会琴,薛智宏,郭英军,等.基于关键技术合理规划地方新能源电动汽车产业发展[J].河北工业科技,2014,31(5):447-451.SUN Huiqin,XUE Zhihong,GUO Yingjun,et al.Planning of local new energy electric vehicle industry development based on the core technology[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2014,31(5):447-451.
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[5]谢小英,李文军,宣文华,等.一种平抑光伏和负荷波动的电动汽车有序充放电策略[J].燕山大学学报,2015,39(4):352-356.XIE Xiaoying,LI Wenjun,XUAN Wenhua,et al.A method of smooting PV and load fluctuation by organized charging/discharging for electric vehicles[J].Journal of Yanshan University,2015,39(4):352-356.
[6]李文娟,张宏坤,贾海涛,等.锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的研究新进展[J].河北工业科技,2011,28(3):216-220.LI Wenjuan,ZHANG Hongkun,JIA Haitao,et al.New research development of lithium-ion battery cathode material LiFePO4[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2011,28(3):216-220.
[7]李丙炜.动力锂离子电池管理系统及SOC估算方法研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2014.LI Bingwei.Study on Power Lithium-ion Batteries Management System and SOC Estimation Method[D].Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology,2014.
[8]卢杰祥.锂离子电池特性建模与SOC估算研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.LU Jiexiang.Research on The Performance Model and Prediction of State-of-charge for Li-ion Battery[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2012.
[9]鲍慧,于洋.基于开路电压法的电池荷电状态估计误差校正[J].中国民航飞行学院学报,2014,25(5):77-80.BAO Hui,YU Yang.State of charge estimation error correction of open circuit voltage method[J].Journal of Civil Aviation Flight University of China,2014,25(5):77-80.
[10]林成涛,王军平,陈全世.电动汽车SOC估计方法原理与应用[J].电池,2004,34(5):376-378.LIN Chengtao,WANG Junping,CHEN Quanshi.Methods for state of charge estimation of EV batteries and their application[J].Battery Bimonthly,2004,34(5):376-378.
[11]徐欣歌,杨松,李艳芳,等.一种基于预测开路电压的SOC估算方法[J].电子设计工程,2011,19(14):127-129.XU Xinge,YANG Song,LI Yanfang,et al.A method of SOCestimate based on forecast of open-circuit voltage[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2011,19(14):127-129.
[12]时玮,姜久春,李索宇,等.磷酸铁锂电池SOC估算方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2010,24(8):769-774.SHI Wei,JIANG Jiuchun,LI Suoyu,et al.Research on SOC estimation for LiFePO4 Li-ion batteries[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2010,24(8):769-774.
[13]郭凯.基于模型的锂离子电池SOC估计研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.GUO Kai.Research on Model-based Lithium-ion Battery SOC Estimation[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2013.
[14]李哲,卢兰光,欧阳明高.提高安时积分法估算电池SOC精度的方法比较[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2010,50(8):1293-1296.LI Zhe,LU Languang,OUYANG Minggao.Comparison of methods for improving SOC estimation accuracy through an ampere-hour integeration approach[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology),2010,50(8):1293-1296.
[15]陈勇军.磷酸铁锂电池建模及SOC算法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.CHEN Yongjun.Research on Modeling and SOC Algorithm of LIFePO4Battery[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.
[16]田甜.混合动力汽车电池模型辨识及SOC估计方法研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012.TIAN Tian.Model Identification and SOC Estimation of LiFePO4Batteries in Hybrid Electric Vehicles[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2012.
[17]张利,朱雅俊,刘征宇.锂离子电池SOC与模型参数联合估算研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2012,26(24):320-324.ZHANG Li,ZHU Yajun,LIU Zhengyu.Research on joint estimation for SOC and model parameters of Li-ion battery[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,26(24):320-324.
[18]邓晔,胡越黎,滕华强.锂电池开路电压的预估及SOC估算[J].仪表技术,2015(2):21-24.DENG Ye,HU Yueli,TENG Huaqiang.Open-circuit voltage prediction and SOC estimation of Li-ion battery[J].Instrumentation Technology,2015(2):21-24.
[2]齐洋洋.电动汽车锂电池SOC估计研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.QI Yangyang.Study on SOC Estimation of Lithium Battery of Electric Vehicles[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[3]孙会琴,薛智宏,郭英军,等.基于关键技术合理规划地方新能源电动汽车产业发展[J].河北工业科技,2014,31(5):447-451.SUN Huiqin,XUE Zhihong,GUO Yingjun,et al.Planning of local new energy electric vehicle industry development based on the core technology[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2014,31(5):447-451.
[4]佘庆桃.大功率锂电池的充放电控制及特性研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2013.SHE Qingtao.Research on The Charge and Discharge Control and Characteristics of The High Power Lithium Battery[D].Huainan:Anhui University of Science and Technology,2013.
[5]谢小英,李文军,宣文华,等.一种平抑光伏和负荷波动的电动汽车有序充放电策略[J].燕山大学学报,2015,39(4):352-356.XIE Xiaoying,LI Wenjun,XUAN Wenhua,et al.A method of smooting PV and load fluctuation by organized charging/discharging for electric vehicles[J].Journal of Yanshan University,2015,39(4):352-356.
[6]李文娟,张宏坤,贾海涛,等.锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的研究新进展[J].河北工业科技,2011,28(3):216-220.LI Wenjuan,ZHANG Hongkun,JIA Haitao,et al.New research development of lithium-ion battery cathode material LiFePO4[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2011,28(3):216-220.
[7]李丙炜.动力锂离子电池管理系统及SOC估算方法研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2014.LI Bingwei.Study on Power Lithium-ion Batteries Management System and SOC Estimation Method[D].Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology,2014.
[8]卢杰祥.锂离子电池特性建模与SOC估算研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.LU Jiexiang.Research on The Performance Model and Prediction of State-of-charge for Li-ion Battery[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2012.
[9]鲍慧,于洋.基于开路电压法的电池荷电状态估计误差校正[J].中国民航飞行学院学报,2014,25(5):77-80.BAO Hui,YU Yang.State of charge estimation error correction of open circuit voltage method[J].Journal of Civil Aviation Flight University of China,2014,25(5):77-80.
[10]林成涛,王军平,陈全世.电动汽车SOC估计方法原理与应用[J].电池,2004,34(5):376-378.LIN Chengtao,WANG Junping,CHEN Quanshi.Methods for state of charge estimation of EV batteries and their application[J].Battery Bimonthly,2004,34(5):376-378.
[11]徐欣歌,杨松,李艳芳,等.一种基于预测开路电压的SOC估算方法[J].电子设计工程,2011,19(14):127-129.XU Xinge,YANG Song,LI Yanfang,et al.A method of SOCestimate based on forecast of open-circuit voltage[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2011,19(14):127-129.
[12]时玮,姜久春,李索宇,等.磷酸铁锂电池SOC估算方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2010,24(8):769-774.SHI Wei,JIANG Jiuchun,LI Suoyu,et al.Research on SOC estimation for LiFePO4 Li-ion batteries[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2010,24(8):769-774.
[13]郭凯.基于模型的锂离子电池SOC估计研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.GUO Kai.Research on Model-based Lithium-ion Battery SOC Estimation[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2013.
[14]李哲,卢兰光,欧阳明高.提高安时积分法估算电池SOC精度的方法比较[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2010,50(8):1293-1296.LI Zhe,LU Languang,OUYANG Minggao.Comparison of methods for improving SOC estimation accuracy through an ampere-hour integeration approach[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science&Technology),2010,50(8):1293-1296.
[15]陈勇军.磷酸铁锂电池建模及SOC算法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.CHEN Yongjun.Research on Modeling and SOC Algorithm of LIFePO4Battery[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011.
[16]田甜.混合动力汽车电池模型辨识及SOC估计方法研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012.TIAN Tian.Model Identification and SOC Estimation of LiFePO4Batteries in Hybrid Electric Vehicles[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2012.
[17]张利,朱雅俊,刘征宇.锂离子电池SOC与模型参数联合估算研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2012,26(24):320-324.ZHANG Li,ZHU Yajun,LIU Zhengyu.Research on joint estimation for SOC and model parameters of Li-ion battery[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,26(24):320-324.
[18]邓晔,胡越黎,滕华强.锂电池开路电压的预估及SOC估算[J].仪表技术,2015(2):21-24.DENG Ye,HU Yueli,TENG Huaqiang.Open-circuit voltage prediction and SOC estimation of Li-ion battery[J].Instrumentation Technology,2015(2):21-24.