动力锂离子电池部分荷电和深度放电状态下的脉冲充电技术
|
摘要
针对动力锂离子电池的使用特点和其自身的充放电特性,以提高其充电效率,延长循环寿命为目的,设计制造了间歇-正负脉冲智能充电器,实现了正、负脉冲交替充电。模拟部分荷电和深度放电的实际使用特点,进行不同的充电模式循环对比实验,同时对失效单体电池进行了容量恢复实验。实验中对电池进行正负级电位测量分析,验证对其结构的恢复作用,并对修复结果稳定性进行验证。实验结果表明,间歇-正负脉冲充电提高了正负极的活性,抑制了浓差极化的形成,且修复结果稳定,从而有效提高了电池的循环寿命。
In view of the usage characteristics and charge-discharge characteristics of the power lithium-ion battery,and in order to improve the charging efficiency and prolong the cycle life,a smart intermittent-positive and negative pulse charger was designed and manufactured to realize the alternating charging of positive and negative pulses. The cycle contrast experiment of different charging modes was carried out by simulating the actual usage characteristic of partial state of charge and depth of discharge(PSOC-DOD). The capacity recovery experiment was carried out for drained-off single cells,in which the positive and negative potentials of the battery were measured and analyzed to verify the recovery effect of the structure and the stability of the recovery results. The experimental results show that the intermittent-positive and negative pulse charging method can improve the activity of positive and negative electrodes,suppress the formation of concentration polarization,and has stable recovery results,thereby the cycle life of the battery is increased effectively.
In view of the usage characteristics and charge-discharge characteristics of the power lithium-ion battery,and in order to improve the charging efficiency and prolong the cycle life,a smart intermittent-positive and negative pulse charger was designed and manufactured to realize the alternating charging of positive and negative pulses. The cycle contrast experiment of different charging modes was carried out by simulating the actual usage characteristic of partial state of charge and depth of discharge(PSOC-DOD). The capacity recovery experiment was carried out for drained-off single cells,in which the positive and negative potentials of the battery were measured and analyzed to verify the recovery effect of the structure and the stability of the recovery results. The experimental results show that the intermittent-positive and negative pulse charging method can improve the activity of positive and negative electrodes,suppress the formation of concentration polarization,and has stable recovery results,thereby the cycle life of the battery is increased effectively.
引文
[1]MIGUEL A.Lateral control strategy for autonomous steering of ackerman-like vehicles[J].Robotics and autonomous systems,2003,45(3):223-233.
[2]艾新平,杨汉西.电动汽车与动力电池[J].电化学,2011,17(2):123-133.AI Xinping,YANG Hanxi.Electric vehicles and power batteries[J].Electrochemistry,2011,17(2):123-133.
[3]赵熙俊,陈慧岩.智能车辆路径跟踪横向控制方法的研究[J].汽车工程,2011,33(5):382-387.ZHAO Xijun,CHEN Huiyan.A study on lateral control method for the path tracking of intelligent vehicles[J].Automotive engineering,2011,33(5):382-387.
[4]姚雷,王震坡.锂离子动力电池充电方式的研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(1):72-77.YAO Lei,WANG Zhenpo.A research on the charging protocols of lithium-ion traction battery[J].Automotive engineering,2015,37(1):72-77.
[5]陈建,沈宇功.在部分荷电和深度放电状态下应用的动力VRLA电池脉冲充电技术[J].电工技术学报,2007,2(2):144-147.CHEN Jian,SHEN Yugong.Pulse charging technique for the power VRLA battery under partial state of charge and 100%depth of discharge[J].Transactions of China electrotechnical society,2007,2(2):144-147.
[6]WANG F M,WANG H Y,YU M H,et al.Differential pulse effects of solid electrolyte interface formation for improving performance on high-power lithium-ion battery[J].Journal of power sources,2011,196(23):10395-10400.
[7]LI J,MURPHY E,WINNICK J,et al.The effects of pulse charging on cycling characteristics of commercial lithium-ion batteries[J].Journal of power sources,2001,102(1-2):302-309.
[8]李旸.电动汽车蓄电池快速充电法及智能平台的研究与实现[D].北京:北京工业大学,2011.LI Yang.Research and implementation of fast charging method and intelligent platform for battery of electric vehicle[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2011.
[9]PURUSHOTHAMAN B K,LANDAU U.Rapid charging of lithium-ion batteries using pulsed currents[J].Journal of the electrochemical society,2006,153(3):533-542.
[10]汤天浩,郑晓龙,范辉.基于Reflex TM充电策略的锂离子电池充电器设计[J].上海海事大学学报,2015,36(1):86-89.TANG Tianhao,ZHENG Xiaolong,FAN Hui.Design of lithium-ion battery charger based on reflex tm charging strategy[J].Journal of Shanghai Maritime University,2015,36(1):86-89.
[11]尤鋆,郑建勇.基于模糊PI调节Boost电路的光伏系统最大功率点跟踪控制[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(6):94-98.YOU Yun,ZHENG Jianyong.MPPT of photovoltaic system with boost circuit based on fuzzy PI control[J].Electric power automation equipment,2012,32(6):94-98.
[12]周廷.PWM光伏逆变电源DC-DC电路及最大功率点跟踪技术的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2006.ZHOU Ting.Research on DC-DC circuit and maximum power point tracking technology of PWM photovoltaic inverter[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2006.
[13]刘有兵,齐铂金,宫学庚.电动汽车动力电池均衡充电的研究[J].电源技术,2004,11(8):649-651.LIU Youbing,QI Bojin,GONG Xuegeng.Research on the equalizing charge of EVs’traction batteries[J].Chinese journal of power sources,2004,11(8):649-651.
[14]牛利勇,时玮,姜久春,等.纯电动汽车用磷酸铁锉电池的模型参数分析[J].汽车工程,2013,35(2):127-132.NIU Liyong,SHI Wei,JIANG Jiuchun,et al.Model parameters analysis of lithium iron phosphate battery for electric vehicle[J].Automotive engineering,2013,35(2):127-132.
[15]丁飞.高比能量二次锂电池中金属锂负极材料的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.DING Fei.Study on lithium metal anode material of high specific energy lithium secondary battery[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.
[2]艾新平,杨汉西.电动汽车与动力电池[J].电化学,2011,17(2):123-133.AI Xinping,YANG Hanxi.Electric vehicles and power batteries[J].Electrochemistry,2011,17(2):123-133.
[3]赵熙俊,陈慧岩.智能车辆路径跟踪横向控制方法的研究[J].汽车工程,2011,33(5):382-387.ZHAO Xijun,CHEN Huiyan.A study on lateral control method for the path tracking of intelligent vehicles[J].Automotive engineering,2011,33(5):382-387.
[4]姚雷,王震坡.锂离子动力电池充电方式的研究[J].汽车工程,2015,37(1):72-77.YAO Lei,WANG Zhenpo.A research on the charging protocols of lithium-ion traction battery[J].Automotive engineering,2015,37(1):72-77.
[5]陈建,沈宇功.在部分荷电和深度放电状态下应用的动力VRLA电池脉冲充电技术[J].电工技术学报,2007,2(2):144-147.CHEN Jian,SHEN Yugong.Pulse charging technique for the power VRLA battery under partial state of charge and 100%depth of discharge[J].Transactions of China electrotechnical society,2007,2(2):144-147.
[6]WANG F M,WANG H Y,YU M H,et al.Differential pulse effects of solid electrolyte interface formation for improving performance on high-power lithium-ion battery[J].Journal of power sources,2011,196(23):10395-10400.
[7]LI J,MURPHY E,WINNICK J,et al.The effects of pulse charging on cycling characteristics of commercial lithium-ion batteries[J].Journal of power sources,2001,102(1-2):302-309.
[8]李旸.电动汽车蓄电池快速充电法及智能平台的研究与实现[D].北京:北京工业大学,2011.LI Yang.Research and implementation of fast charging method and intelligent platform for battery of electric vehicle[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2011.
[9]PURUSHOTHAMAN B K,LANDAU U.Rapid charging of lithium-ion batteries using pulsed currents[J].Journal of the electrochemical society,2006,153(3):533-542.
[10]汤天浩,郑晓龙,范辉.基于Reflex TM充电策略的锂离子电池充电器设计[J].上海海事大学学报,2015,36(1):86-89.TANG Tianhao,ZHENG Xiaolong,FAN Hui.Design of lithium-ion battery charger based on reflex tm charging strategy[J].Journal of Shanghai Maritime University,2015,36(1):86-89.
[11]尤鋆,郑建勇.基于模糊PI调节Boost电路的光伏系统最大功率点跟踪控制[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(6):94-98.YOU Yun,ZHENG Jianyong.MPPT of photovoltaic system with boost circuit based on fuzzy PI control[J].Electric power automation equipment,2012,32(6):94-98.
[12]周廷.PWM光伏逆变电源DC-DC电路及最大功率点跟踪技术的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2006.ZHOU Ting.Research on DC-DC circuit and maximum power point tracking technology of PWM photovoltaic inverter[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2006.
[13]刘有兵,齐铂金,宫学庚.电动汽车动力电池均衡充电的研究[J].电源技术,2004,11(8):649-651.LIU Youbing,QI Bojin,GONG Xuegeng.Research on the equalizing charge of EVs’traction batteries[J].Chinese journal of power sources,2004,11(8):649-651.
[14]牛利勇,时玮,姜久春,等.纯电动汽车用磷酸铁锉电池的模型参数分析[J].汽车工程,2013,35(2):127-132.NIU Liyong,SHI Wei,JIANG Jiuchun,et al.Model parameters analysis of lithium iron phosphate battery for electric vehicle[J].Automotive engineering,2013,35(2):127-132.
[15]丁飞.高比能量二次锂电池中金属锂负极材料的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.DING Fei.Study on lithium metal anode material of high specific energy lithium secondary battery[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.