改进的断层封闭性计算参数的获取方法及应用——以辽西凸起中南段为例
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摘要
上覆岩层压力、断层倾角和断裂带泥质含量是断层封闭性计算的重要参数,对这3个参数的准确量化,决定计算结果的可靠性。在辽西凸起中南段断层封闭性研究中,发现上覆岩层密度随压实作用增加而增大,通过密度测井与深度回归获得上覆岩层密度变化函数,并对其积分,求取上覆岩层压力;断层倾角会随岩性、应力发生变化,利用精细三维地震解释成果,并运用空间立体几何计算断层倾角;根据地震资料判断泥质含量整体趋势,并结合自然伽马测井计算值进行井点校正,以获得更为精确的断裂带泥质含量;准确求取研究区辽西1号及其分支断裂的这3个参数,并以其乘积作为断层封闭指数。分析油气分布差异发现,研究区北段断层封闭性最好,南段次之,中段最差;断层封闭性下限与油气性质有关,天然气、正常油、稠油聚集的断层封闭指数下限分别为9.34,8.31和6.12。
Overlying formation pressure,fault dip angle and shale content are the significant parameters for fault sealing capacity evaluation,and the reliability of evaluation results depends on the accuracy quantification of these 3 parameters. In the research of fault sealing of the central-southern Liaoxi Uplift,it is found that the actual overburden density increases with the increase of compaction. Overburden density function was obtained by density logging and depth regression,and then it was integrated to calculate the overburden pressure. The fault dip angle changes with lithology and stress,and it was calculated by 3 D seismic interpretation results and spatial stereo method. The overall trend of mud content was determined according to the seismic data,and then it was corrected by well logging gamma value to obtain the more accurate shale content in fault zone. The 3 parameters of No.1 Liaoxi Fault and its branched faults in the research area uplift were calculated accurately,and then their products were used as the fault sealing indexes. Combined with the analysis of differences in oil and gas distribution,it is found that the sealing capacity of the northern section of the study area is the best,followed by the southern section,and the central part is the worst. The lower limit values of fault sealing index are related to the physical properties of oil and gas,and the lower limit values of natural gas,normal oil and heavy oil are 9.34,8.31 and 6.12,respectively.
Overlying formation pressure,fault dip angle and shale content are the significant parameters for fault sealing capacity evaluation,and the reliability of evaluation results depends on the accuracy quantification of these 3 parameters. In the research of fault sealing of the central-southern Liaoxi Uplift,it is found that the actual overburden density increases with the increase of compaction. Overburden density function was obtained by density logging and depth regression,and then it was integrated to calculate the overburden pressure. The fault dip angle changes with lithology and stress,and it was calculated by 3 D seismic interpretation results and spatial stereo method. The overall trend of mud content was determined according to the seismic data,and then it was corrected by well logging gamma value to obtain the more accurate shale content in fault zone. The 3 parameters of No.1 Liaoxi Fault and its branched faults in the research area uplift were calculated accurately,and then their products were used as the fault sealing indexes. Combined with the analysis of differences in oil and gas distribution,it is found that the sealing capacity of the northern section of the study area is the best,followed by the southern section,and the central part is the worst. The lower limit values of fault sealing index are related to the physical properties of oil and gas,and the lower limit values of natural gas,normal oil and heavy oil are 9.34,8.31 and 6.12,respectively.
引文
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[3]王冠民,熊周海,张健,等.渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷油藏断裂特征及对成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):62-70.WANG Guanmin,XIONG Zhouhai,ZHANG Jian,et al.Characterization of fault system and its control on reservoirs in the Bozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(1):62-70.
[4]孙龙涛,陈长民,詹文欢,等.珠江口盆地断层封堵特征及其影响因素[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):36-40.SUN Longtao,CHEN Changmin,ZHAN Wenhuan,et al.Characteristics and influencing factors of fault sealing in Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):36-40.
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[6]DOUGHTY P T.Clay smear seals and fault sealing potential of an exhumed growth fault,Rio Grande Rift,New Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(3):427-444.
[7]吕延防,付广,张云峰.断层封闭性研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.LüYanfang,FU Guang,ZHANG Yunfeng.Research on fault sealing[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.
[8]王珂,戴俊生.地应力与断层封闭性之间的定量关系[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):74-81.WANG Ke,DAI Junsheng.A quantitative relationship between the crustal stress and fault sealing ability[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):74-81.
[9]周新桂,孙宝珊,谭成轩,等.现今地应力与断层封闭效应[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(5):127-131.ZHOU Xingui,SUN Baoshan,TAN Chengxuan,et al.State of current geo-stress and effect of fault sealing[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(5):127-131.
[10]姜治群,吴智平,李伟,等.断裂对黄河口凹陷新近系油气分布的控制作用[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(6):50-54.JIANG Zhiqun,WU Zhiping,LI Wei,et al.Effect of faults on Neogene hydrocarbon distribution in the Yellow River Estuary Depression[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(6):50-54.
[11]吕延防,王伟,胡欣蕾,等.断层侧向封闭性定量评价方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(2):310-316.LüYanfang,WANG Wei,HU Xinlei,et al.Quantitative evaluation method of fault lateral sealing[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(2):310-316.
[12]付广,胡欣蕾.利用断层岩泥质含量判断断层垂向封闭性的方法及其应用[J].地球科学与环境学报,2016,38(5):660-667.FU Guang,HU Xinlei.Method of fault vertical sealing ability judged by the mudstone content of fault-rock and its application[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2016,38(5):660-667.
[13]ZHANG L K,LUO X R,VASSEUR G,et al.Evaluation of geological factors in characterizing fault connectivity during hydrocarbon migration:Application to the Bohai Bay Basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011,28(9):1 634-1 647.
[14]徐春华,王亚琳.基于无机二氧化碳成藏期探讨博兴断层启闭性——兼论断层活动性与启闭性的关系[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(5):30-36.XU Chunhua,WANG Yalin.Discussion on the opening and sealing properties of the Boxing Fault based on the accumulation time of inorganic CO2:Also discussing the relationship between fault activity and sealing property[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(5):30-36.
[15]张一平.断-盖空间配置类型及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(1):25-31.ZHANG Yiping.Spatial match types between the fault and caprock and their controls on the hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(1):25-31.
[16]张文彪,陈志海,许华明,等.断层封闭性定量评价——以安哥拉Sangos油田为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(6):21-26.ZHANG Wenbiao,CHEN Zhihai,XU Huaming,et al.Quantitative evaluation of fault seal:A case study of Sangos oilfield in Angola[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(6):21-26.
[17]余一欣,周心怀,徐长贵,等.渤海辽东湾坳陷走滑断裂差异变形特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(5):632-638.YU Yixin,ZHOU Xinhuai,XU Changgui,et al.Differential deformation of strike slip faults in the Liaodongwan Depression,offshore Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(5):632-638.
[18]柳永军,徐长贵,吴奎,等.辽东湾坳陷走滑断裂差异性与大中型油气藏的形成[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(5):555-560.LIU Yongjun,XU Changgui,WU Kui,et al.Different characteristics of strike-slip faults and the formation of large and mediumscaled oil and gas fields in the Liaodong Bay Depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2015,37(5):555-560.
[19]李潍莲,刘震,刘俊榜,等.辽东湾地区辽西低凸起油气田成藏地质条件的差异[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):664-670.LI Weilian,LIU Zhen,LIU Junbang,et al.Differences of geological conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation among fields in the Liaoxi Low Uplift,the Liaodong Bay[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):664-670.
[20]钟怡江,陈洪德,徐长贵,等.辽东湾坳陷新近系馆陶组浅水三角洲的发现及其油气勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):499-507.ZHONG Yijiang,CHEN Hongde,XU Changgui,et al.Discovery of shallow-water delta in the Neogene Guantao Formation in the Liaodong Bay Depression and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):499-507.
[21]黄晓波,柳屿博,李强,等.郯庐断裂锦州段S型弯曲特征与油气聚集[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(4):1-6.HUANG Xiaobo,LIU Yubo,LI Qiang,et al.S-shaped flection feature and hydrocarbon accumulation in Jinzhou section of the TanLu Fault[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(4):1-6.
[22]单亦先,劳海港,王永诗,等.岩性差异变化对断层带结构影响的物理模拟[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(1):108-112.SHAN Yixian,LAO Haigang,WANG Yongshi,et al.Physical simulation of the influence of lithological differences on fault zone structure[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2016,38(1):108-112.
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