川中合川气田须二段致密砂岩储层甜点研究
详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |
  • 英文篇名:Research on tight sandstone reservoir sweet spots of the second member of Xujiahe formation of upper triassic in Hechuan gas field, central Sichuan basin
  • 作者:张满郎 ; 谷江锐 ; 孔凡志 ; 郭振华 ; 钱玮玮 ; 付晶 ; 郑国强 ; 石石
  • 英文作者:ZHANG Manlang;GU Jiangrui;KONG Fanzhi;GUO Zhenhua;QIAN Weiwei;FU Jing;ZHENG Guoqiang;SHI Shi;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development;The Fourth Oil Recovery Plant of PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company;
  • 关键词:致密砂岩 ; 控制因素 ; 沉积相-成岩相耦合 ; 储层甜点 ; 须二段 ; 合川气田 ; 川中地区
  • 英文关键词:tight sandstone;;controlling factors;;coupling of diagenesis and sedimentary facies;;reservoir sweet spots;;the second member of Xujiahe formation;;Hechuan gas field;;central Sichuan basin
  • 中文刊名:ZGKD
  • 英文刊名:Journal of China University of Mining & Technology
  • 机构:中国石油勘探开发研究院;中国石油华北油田分公司第四采油厂;
  • 出版日期:2019-01-14 10:44
  • 出版单位:中国矿业大学学报
  • 年:2019
  • 期:v.48;No.229
  • 基金:国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05047)
  • 语种:中文;
  • 页:ZGKD201904014
  • 页数:13
  • CN:04
  • ISSN:32-1152/TD
  • 分类号:117-129
摘要
以川中合川气田须二段为研究对象,利用大量钻、测井资料、岩心、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、压汞及物性分析数据,系统研究了致密砂岩储层特征及储层甜点形成的主要控制因素.认为须二段储层甜点纵向上受高频层序界面控制,其平面分布受有利沉积微相、溶蚀成岩相控制.基于沉积相、成岩相、孔隙度、有效砂岩厚度、测试产量的量化加权评价,建立了储层甜点定量评价指标.研究结果表明:储层甜点发育于水下分流河道、河口坝微相、绿泥石衬边-强溶蚀相、微裂缝-强溶蚀相,具有孔隙度较高(9%~12%及以上)、有效厚度较大(15~20 m及以上)、测试产量较高(4×10~4~10×10~4 m~3/d或更高)的特点.须二段被划分为2个半高频旋回、5个砂层组,优质储层主要分布在层序界面之上的基准面上升的早期,须二段下部的X2-1砂层组储层最发育,连续性最好;有利沉积微相为三角洲前缘水下分流河道、河口坝,有效储层主要为中粒、中细粒岩屑长石石英砂岩,发育残余粒间孔、粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和微裂缝;须家河组煤系地层生烃高峰期酸性地层水所引起的长石、岩屑和杂基的溶蚀作用是形成次生溶孔,改善储层物性的主要原因;早期绿泥石衬边胶结提高砂岩的抗压强度并抑制石英加大边的形成,从而使得较多的原生粒间孔隙得以保存;在雷口坡组古残丘顶部的须二段砂岩中,由于差异压实而发育微裂缝,这种微裂缝大幅改善了储层的渗透能力.归纳出7种成岩-储集相组合类型,基于沉积相-成岩相耦合,结合储层物性、有效厚度、测试产量定量评价,筛选出3个储层甜点发育区.Ⅰ类储层分布于三角洲前缘主河道和汇流区的水下分流河道-河口坝叠置砂体与绿泥石衬边-强溶蚀相或微裂缝-强溶蚀相耦合区域,绿泥石衬边-强溶蚀相呈片状分布,范围较大,而微裂缝-强溶蚀相分布局限,微裂缝发育部位与古残丘有关.
        Focusing on the second member of Xujiahe formation of upper triassic, central Sichuan basin, systematical studies were conducted on tight sandstone reservoir features and the controlling factors of reservoir sweet spots formation, based on analysis of borehole, well logging, core observation, casting thin section, scanning electron microscope, mercury intrusion and physical property. This paper argues that the spatial distribution of reservoir sweet spots of the second member of Xujiahe formation is controlled by high resolution sequence boundaries in vertical, and by favorable sedimentary microfacies and dissolved diagenesis facies in horizontal. Quantitative evaluation index of reservoir sweet spots were established based on quantitative weighted evaluation of sedimentary microfacies, diagenesis facies, porosity, effective sand thickness and gas test production. The results show that reservoir sweet spots were developed in subaqueous distributary channel or mouth bar microfacies, chlorite rims intensively dissolved diagenesis facies or microfracture intensively dissolved diagenesis facies, with characteristics of relatively higher porosity(9%—12% or above), larger effective sand thickness(15—20 m or above), and higher gas test production(4×10~4—10×10~4 m~3/d or above). The second member of Xujiahe formation of upper triassic can be divided into two and a half high resolution stratigraphic sequences or five sandstone groups. High quality reservoirs with best continuity were developed in the early base-rising phase, in layer X2-1 of the lower section of the second member of Xujiahe formation. Effective sandstones were mainly developed in sedimentary microfacies of deltaic front subaqueous distributary channel and mouth bar, composed of medium grain and medium-fine grain lithic feldspathic quartz sandstone with residual intergranular pore, intergranular dissolved pore, intragranular dissolved pore and microfractures. Formation of secondary dissolved pores which improved the reservoir physical property was mainly attributed to the dissolution of feldspar, debris and matrix, resulted from acid water in hydrocarbon generation peak of coal bearing strata of Xujiahe formation. The early cementation of chlorite rims improved the compaction resist strength of sandstone, restrained the formation of quartz overgrowths, and thus more primary intergranular pores were conserved. Microfractures were developed due to differential compaction over Leikoupo paleo-monadnock which greatly improved the permeability of the second member of Xujiahe formation. Seven diagenesis-reservoir facies were concluded, moreover, reservoir sweet spots were quantitatively evaluated and three relatively high permeability areas were screened out based on the coupling of diagenesis and sedimentary facies, combined with physical property, effective reservoir thickness and test production of natural gas. First class reservoirs were distributed in the main channel and the conflux area of the deltaic front subaqueous distributary channels or in the channel-mouth bar superimposed sandstone complex, coupling with chlorite rims intensively dissolved diagenesis facies or microfracture intensively dissolved diagenesis facies. Chlorite rims intensively dissolved diagenesis facies were distributed in a large area, while the microfracture intensively dissolved diagenesis facies were distributed sporadically over the Leikoupo paleo-monadnock.
引文
[1] 田继军,姜在兴,李熙喆,等.川西前陆盆地上三叠统层序地层学研究[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):30-33.TIAN Jijun,JIANG Zaixing,LI Xizhe,et al.Sequence stratigrphy of upper Triassic in western Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):30-33.
    [2] 施振生,杨威.四川盆地上三叠统砂体大面积分布的成因[J].沉积学报,2011,29(6):1058-1068.SHI Zhensheng,YANG Wei.Genesis of widespread sandbodies of upper Triassic in Sichuan basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(6):1058-1068.
    [3] 田继军,姜在兴,李熙喆,等.川西前陆盆地上三叠统岩性地层圈闭勘探前景分析[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(1):22-25.TIAN Jijun,JIANG Zaixing,LI Xizhe,et al.Analyses on exploration prospect of upper Triassic lithologic and stratigraphic traps in west Sichuan foreland basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(1):22-15.
    [4] 谢武仁,杨威,李熙喆,等.四川盆地上三叠统砂岩储层特征研究[J].天然气地球科学,2008,29(5):623-629.XIE Wuren,YAN Wei,LI Xizhe,et al.Characteristics of upper Triassic sandstone reservoirs in Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,29(5);623-629.
    [5] 杨晓萍,赵文智,邹才能,等.川中气田与苏里格气田甜点储层对比研究[J].天然气工业,2007,27(1):4-7.YANG Xiaoping,ZHAO Wenzhi,ZOU Caineng,et al.Comparison of formation conditions of “sweet point”reservoirs in Sulige gas field and Xiangxi group gas field in the central Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(1):4-7.
    [6] 杨晓萍,赵文智,邹才能,等.低渗透储层成因机理及优质储层形成与分布[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):57-61.YANG Xiaoping,ZHAO Wenzhi,ZOU Caineng,et al.Origin of low permeability reservoir and distribution of favorable reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):57-61.
    [7] 李熙喆,张满郎,谢武仁,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界层序格架内的成岩作用[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):923-933.LI Xizhe,ZHANG Manlang,XIE Wuren,ect.The diagenesis in sequence stratigraphic frame work of the upper Paleozoic,Ordos basin[J].Act Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):923-933.
    [8] 孙雨,于海涛,马世忠,等.致密砂岩储层物性特征及其控制因素:以松辽盆地大安地区白垩系泉头组四段为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(4):809-819.SUN Yu,YU Haitao,MA Shizhong,et al.Physical property of tight sandstone reservoir and its controlling factors:A case study of the fourth member of Cretaceous Quantou formation in Da’an area of Songliao basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(4):809-819.
    [9] 周勇,徐黎明,纪友亮,等.致密砂岩相对高渗储层特征及分布控制因素研究:以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组长82为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(1):106-120.ZHOU Yong,XU Ling,JI Youliang,et al.Characteristics and distributing controlling factors of relatively high permeability reservoir:A case study from Chang 82 sandstones of Yanchang formation in Longdong area,Ordos basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(1):106-120.
    [10] 朱如凯,邹才能,张鼐,等.致密砂岩气藏储层成岩流体演化与致密成因机理:以四川盆地上三叠统须家河组为例[J].中国科学(D辑),2009,39(3):327-339.ZHU Rukai,ZOU Caineng,ZHANG Nai,et al.Diagenetic fluids evolution and genetic mechanism of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in upper Triassic Xujiahe formation in Sichuan basin,China[J].Science in China(Series D),2009,39(3):327-339.
    [11] 林承焰,王文广,董春梅,等.储层成岩数值模拟研究现状及进展[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):1084-1101.LIN Chengyan,WANG Wenguang,DONG Chunmei,et al.State quo of reservoir diagenetic numerical simulation and its advancement[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(5):1084-1101.
    [12] ABERCROBIE H J,HUTCHEON I E,BLOCHU J D,et al.Silica activity and the smectite-illite reaction[J].Geology,1994,22(6):539-542.
    [13] KAREN E H,HORST Z,AGNES G R,ROB H F.Diagenesis,porosity evolution,and petroleum emplacement in tight gas reservoirs,Taranaki basin,New Zealand[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2007,77(12):1003-1025.
    [14] GEOFFREY T,BERNARD P B,MOGENS R,et al.Simulation of potassium feldspar dissolution and illitization in the Statfjord formation,North Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(4):621-635.
    [15] LANDER R H,WALDERHANG O.Predicting porosity through simulating sandstone compaction and quartz cementation[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(3):433-449.
    [16] TOBIN R C,MCCLAIN T,LIEBER R B,OZKAN A,BANFIELD L A,MARCHAND A M E,MCRAE L E.Reservoir quality modeling of tight-gas sands in Wamsutter field:Integration of diagenesis,petroleum systems,and generation data [J].AAPG,2010,94(8):1229-1266.
    [17] 杜业波,季汉成,吴因业,等.前陆层序致密储层的单因素成岩相分析[J].石油学报,2006,27(2):48-52.DU Yebo,JI Hancheng,WU Yinye,et al.Single factor diagenetic facies analysis of tight reservoir in western Sichuan foreland basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(2):48-52.
    [18] 陈桂菊,姜在兴,田继军,等.成岩相对磨溪气田上三叠统致密储层的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(2):41-45.CHEN Guiju,JIANG Zaixing,TIAN Jijun,et al.Controlling effect of diagenetic facies on upper Triassic tight reservoir in Moxi gas field[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(2):41-45.
    [19] 马宝全,杨少春,张鸿,等.基于DEA定量表征低渗透砂岩储层成岩相:以鄂尔多斯盆地演武地区延长组81段为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(2):357-366.MA Baquan,YANG Shaochun,ZHANG Hong,et al.Quantitative evaluation of low-permeability sandstone diagenetic facies based on DEA method:A case study of Chang 81 reservoirs in the Yanwu region,Ordos basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2018,47(2):357-366.
    [20] 田继军,姜在兴,李熙喆,等.川中上三叠统须二段厚层砂岩的成因及其对储层、气藏的控制[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(2):34-37.TIAN Jijun,JIANG Zaixing,LI Xizhe,et al.Genesis of the thick sandstones of Xujiahe formation member II of upper Triassic and the influences on reservoir and gas pool in Chuanzhong region[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2008,27(2):34-37.
    [21] 谢武仁,李熙喆,张满郎,等.川中地区上三叠统须四段厚层砂体成因及油气运移通道分析[J].石油学报,2008,29(4):504-508.XIE Wuren,LI Xizhe,ZHANG Manlang,et al.Thick-bed sand body genesis and oil-gas migration pathway in the forth member of Xujiahe formation of upper Triassic in the central Sichuan basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(4):504-508.
    [22] 姚泾利,王琪,张瑞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区延长组长6砂岩绿泥石膜的形成机理及其环境指示意义[J].沉积学报,2011,29(1):72-79.YAO Jingli,WANG Qi,ZHANG Rui,et al.Forming mechanism and their environmental implications of chlorite coatings in Chang 6 sandstone(upper Triassic) of Huaqing area,Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(1):72-79.
    [23] 丁晓琪,张哨楠,葛鹏莉,等.鄂南延长组绿泥石环边与储集性能关系研究[J].高校地质学报,2010,16(2):247-254.DING Xiaoqi,ZHANG Xiaonan,GE Pengli,et al.Relationship between reservoir properties and chlorite rims:A case study from Yanchang formation of south Ordos basin,north China[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2010,16(2):247-254.
    [24] 孙治雷,黄思静,张玉修,等.四川盆地须家河组砂岩储层中自生绿泥石的来源与成岩演化[J].沉积学报,2008,26(3):459-468.SUN Zhilei,HUANG Sijing,ZHANG Yuxiu,et al.Origin and diagenesis of authigenic chlorite within the sandstone reservoirs of Xujiahe formation,Sichuan basin,China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica 2008,26(3):459-468.
    [25] 刘金库,彭军,刘建军,等.绿泥石环边胶结物对致密砂岩孔隙的保存机制:以川中-川南过渡带包界地区须家河组储层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):53-58.LIU Jinku,PENG Jun,LIU Jianjun,et al.Pore-preserving mechanism of chlorite rims in tight sandstone:An example from the T3x formation of Baojie area in the transitional zone from the central to southern Sichuan basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(1):53-58.
    [26] 孙全力,孙晗森,贾趵,等.川西须家河组致密砂岩储层绿泥石成因及其与优质储层关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(5):751-757.SUN Quanli,SUN Hansen,JIA Bao,et al.Genesis of chlorites and its relationship with high-quality reservoirs in the Xujiahe formation tight sandstones,western Sichuan depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(5):751-757.
    [27] 朱仕军,黄继祥,李先荣,等.川中-川南过渡带古残丘的地震解释及其对香溪群油气藏的控制作用[J].西南石油学院学报,1994,16(4):7-10.ZHU Shijun,HUANG Jixiang,LI Xianrong,et al.The primary study and seismic interpretation of paleo-hammock and its control over the oil and gas reservoir of Xiangxi group in central Sichuan-south Sichuan trasitional belt[J].Journal of Southwestern Petroleum Institute,1994,16(4):7-10.
    [28] 邹才能,陶士振,周慧,等.成岩相的形成、分类与定量评价方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(5):526-540.ZOU Caineng,TAO Shizhen,ZHOU Hui,et al.Genesis,classification and evaluation method of diagenetic facies[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(5):526-540.
    [29] 李熙喆,张满郎,周兆华,等.河包场地区须家河组储层有利区带预测[J].天然气工业,2009,29(9):24-27.LI Xizhe,ZHANG Manlang,ZHOU Zhaohua,et al.Prediction of potential plays in the Xujiahe formation in Hebaochang area,Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(9):24-27.
    [30] 季汉成,翁庆萍,杨潇.鄂尔多斯盆地安塞-神木地区山西组成岩与沉积相耦合关系[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):709-717.JI Hancheng,WENG Qingping,YANG Xiao.Coupling of diagenesis and sedimentary facies of Shanxi formation in Ansai-Shenmu,Ordos basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(6):709-717.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700