广西本地鲢和长丰鲢群体遗传多样性分析
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摘要
本研究采用32个微卫星标记分析广西本地鲢和长丰鲢两个群体的遗传差异,计算并统计其微卫星遗传参数。结果显示:32个微卫星标记广西本地鲢鱼和长丰鲢群体共检测到等位基因119个,其中两群体所共有为88个;平均观测等位基因数为2.937 5和3.406 2;平均有效等位基因数为1.787 3和2.074 7;多态信息含量(PIC)在0～0.727 1和0～0.748 4之间,平均值为0.293 6和0.360 0,表明两个群体的遗传多样性均不高。两群体平均观测杂合度为0.373 9和0.559 7,平均期望杂合度为0.327 1和0.413 3,均表现为本地鲢群体低于长丰鲢群体,说明两个群体的均不高,并且广西本地鲢群体的遗传多样性低于长丰鲢群体;两个鲢鱼群体间的遗传距离和遗传相似系数分别为0.297 7和0.742 5,表明两个鲢鱼群体间的遗传差异不大。两个群体的遗传分化系数(Fst)在不同微卫星位点间差异明显,平均0.171 7。本研究为广西地方鱼类种质资源保护和利用提供了理论依据。
This study analyzed the genetic difference of Guangxi Local Silver Carp and Changfeng Silver Carp by thirty two microsatellite markers,calculated and counted its microsatellite genetic parameters. The results showed that total 119 alleles were detected in 32 microsatellite markers in Guangxi local carp and Changfeng carp population, and 88 alleles were existed in both two populations. The average observed number of alleles in each microsatellite locus of two populations were 2.937 5 and 3.406 2, and the average effective number of alleles were 1.787 3 and 2.074 7, respectively.The PIC of two populations of the range between 0～0.727 1 and 0～0.748 4, with the average were 0.293 6 and 0.360 0,indicating they were poor in genetic diversity. The average observed heterozygosity(Ho) of two populations were 0.373 9and 0.557 9, and the average expective heterzygosity(He) were 0.327 1 and 0.413 3, All the indexes for Guangxi local population were lower than those of Changfeng population, indicating that both genetic diversity of the two population was low, and Guangxi local population was lower than Changfeng population. The genetic distance and genetic similarity coefficient of two populations were 0.297 7 and 0.742 5. There was obvious difference of coefficient of genetic differentiation(Fst) at different microsatellite loci with an average of 0.171 7. The results of this study might provide a theoretical basis of rational use and protection for the germplasm resources of Guangxi local fish.
This study analyzed the genetic difference of Guangxi Local Silver Carp and Changfeng Silver Carp by thirty two microsatellite markers,calculated and counted its microsatellite genetic parameters. The results showed that total 119 alleles were detected in 32 microsatellite markers in Guangxi local carp and Changfeng carp population, and 88 alleles were existed in both two populations. The average observed number of alleles in each microsatellite locus of two populations were 2.937 5 and 3.406 2, and the average effective number of alleles were 1.787 3 and 2.074 7, respectively.The PIC of two populations of the range between 0～0.727 1 and 0～0.748 4, with the average were 0.293 6 and 0.360 0,indicating they were poor in genetic diversity. The average observed heterozygosity(Ho) of two populations were 0.373 9and 0.557 9, and the average expective heterzygosity(He) were 0.327 1 and 0.413 3, All the indexes for Guangxi local population were lower than those of Changfeng population, indicating that both genetic diversity of the two population was low, and Guangxi local population was lower than Changfeng population. The genetic distance and genetic similarity coefficient of two populations were 0.297 7 and 0.742 5. There was obvious difference of coefficient of genetic differentiation(Fst) at different microsatellite loci with an average of 0.171 7. The results of this study might provide a theoretical basis of rational use and protection for the germplasm resources of Guangxi local fish.
引文
Botstein D.,White R.L.,Skolnick M.,and Davis R.W.,1980,Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms,Am.J.Hum.Genet.,32(3):314-331
Desvignes J.F.,Laroche J.,and Durand J.D.,2001,Genetic variability in reared stocks of common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)based on allozy and microsatellites,Aquaculture,194:291-301
Hulak M.,Kaspar V.,Kohlmann K.,Cowerd K.,Tesitel J.,Rodina M.,Gela D.,Kocour M.,and Linhart O.,2010,Microsatellite-based genetic diversity and differentiation of foreign common carp(Cyprinus carpio)strains farmed in The Czech Republic,Aquaculture,298(3):194-201
Liang H.W.,Li Z.,Luo X.Z.,Pan G.B.,and Zou G.W.,2015,Mor phological differences and discriminant analysis between Changfeng and Yangtze river silver carp,Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao(Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica),39(5):1060-1064(梁宏伟,李忠,罗相忠,潘光碧,邹桂伟,2015,长丰鲢与长江鲢形态差异与判别分析,水生生物学报,39(5):1060-1064)
McPherson A.A.,Stephenson R.L.,O'Reilly P.T.,Jones M.W.and Taggart C.T.,2001,Genetic diversity of coastal Northwest Atlantic herring populations:implications for management,Journal of Fish Biology,51(10):356-370
Nei M.,Tajima F.,and Tateno Y.,1983,Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data II,gene frequency data,Journal of Molecular Evolution,19(2):153-170
Qin N.,Zhang Y.M.,and Luo Y.K.,2015,Comparison and analysis of major nutritional components in different body parts of Changfeng silver carp,Zhongguo Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of China Agricultural University),20(1):129-134(秦娜,张月美,罗永康,2015,长丰鲢各部位主要营养成分分析及比较,中国农业大学学报,20(1):129-134)
Qu Y.C.,Deng C.Y.,Xiong S.,Yu H.,Zhang R.,and Liu G.L.,2002,Microsatellite polymorphism research on porcine chromosomeⅠand the construction of its genetic map,Yichuan(Hereditas),24(5):539-542(屈彦纯,邓昌彦,熊远著,苏玉虹,郑嵘,刘桂兰,2002,猪Ⅰ号染色体微卫星多态性研究及遗传连锁图谱的构建,遗传,24(5):539-542)
Rana R.S.,Bhat K.V.,Lakhanpal S.,and Lakra W.S.,2004,Comparative genetic diversity in natural and hatcher populations of India major carps(C.catla and L.rohita),Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,17(9):1197-1203
Ruan X.H.,2009,Development,characterization and application of microsatellite marker in Turbot,Dissertation for Ph.D.,O-cean University of China,Supervisors:Duan C.M.,and Kong J.,pp.80-83(阮晓红,2009,大鳞鲆(Turbot)微卫星标记的筛选与应用,博士论文学位,中国海洋大学,导师:段存明,孔杰,pp.80-83)
Spielman D.,Brook B.W.,and Frankham R.,2004,Most species are not driven to extinction before genetic factors impact them,Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101(42):15261-15264
Sun X.W.,and Liang L.Q.,2000,A genetic linkage map of common carp,Zhongguo Shuichan Kexue(Journal Fish Science China),7(1):1-5(孙效文,梁利群,2000,鲤鱼的遗传连锁图谱(初报),中国水产科学,7(1):1-5)
Tautz D.,1989,Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers,Nucleic Acids Research,17(16):6463-6471
Wang C.Z.,Liang H.W.,Zou G.W.,Luo X.Z.,Li Z.,Tian H.,and Hu G.F.,2008,Genetic variation analysis of two silver carp populations in the middle and upper Yangtze River by microsatellite,Yichuan(Hereditas),30(10):1341-1348(王长忠,梁宏伟,邹桂伟,罗相忠,李忠,田华,呼光福,2008,长江中上游两个鲢群体遗传变异的微卫星分析,遗传,30(10):1341-1348)
Zhou G.Y.,Zou G.W.,Liang H.W.,and Luo X.Z.,2007,Variation in microsatellite DNA of in breeding F2progeny of artificial silver carp,Danshui Yuye(Freshwater Fisheries),(4):30-34(周裕华,邹桂伟,梁宏伟,罗相忠,2007,人工雌核发育鲢近交F2微卫星DNA变异分析,淡水渔业,(4):30-34)
Zhu X.D.,Geng B.,Li J.,and Sun X.W.,2007,Analysis of genetic diversity among silver carp populations in the middle and lower Yangtze river using thirty microsatellite markers,Yichuan(Hereditas),29(6):705-713(朱晓东,耿波,李娇,孙效文,2007,利用30个微卫星标记分析长江中下游鲢群体的遗传多样性,遗传,29(6):705-713)
Desvignes J.F.,Laroche J.,and Durand J.D.,2001,Genetic variability in reared stocks of common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)based on allozy and microsatellites,Aquaculture,194:291-301
Hulak M.,Kaspar V.,Kohlmann K.,Cowerd K.,Tesitel J.,Rodina M.,Gela D.,Kocour M.,and Linhart O.,2010,Microsatellite-based genetic diversity and differentiation of foreign common carp(Cyprinus carpio)strains farmed in The Czech Republic,Aquaculture,298(3):194-201
Liang H.W.,Li Z.,Luo X.Z.,Pan G.B.,and Zou G.W.,2015,Mor phological differences and discriminant analysis between Changfeng and Yangtze river silver carp,Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao(Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica),39(5):1060-1064(梁宏伟,李忠,罗相忠,潘光碧,邹桂伟,2015,长丰鲢与长江鲢形态差异与判别分析,水生生物学报,39(5):1060-1064)
McPherson A.A.,Stephenson R.L.,O'Reilly P.T.,Jones M.W.and Taggart C.T.,2001,Genetic diversity of coastal Northwest Atlantic herring populations:implications for management,Journal of Fish Biology,51(10):356-370
Nei M.,Tajima F.,and Tateno Y.,1983,Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data II,gene frequency data,Journal of Molecular Evolution,19(2):153-170
Qin N.,Zhang Y.M.,and Luo Y.K.,2015,Comparison and analysis of major nutritional components in different body parts of Changfeng silver carp,Zhongguo Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of China Agricultural University),20(1):129-134(秦娜,张月美,罗永康,2015,长丰鲢各部位主要营养成分分析及比较,中国农业大学学报,20(1):129-134)
Qu Y.C.,Deng C.Y.,Xiong S.,Yu H.,Zhang R.,and Liu G.L.,2002,Microsatellite polymorphism research on porcine chromosomeⅠand the construction of its genetic map,Yichuan(Hereditas),24(5):539-542(屈彦纯,邓昌彦,熊远著,苏玉虹,郑嵘,刘桂兰,2002,猪Ⅰ号染色体微卫星多态性研究及遗传连锁图谱的构建,遗传,24(5):539-542)
Rana R.S.,Bhat K.V.,Lakhanpal S.,and Lakra W.S.,2004,Comparative genetic diversity in natural and hatcher populations of India major carps(C.catla and L.rohita),Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,17(9):1197-1203
Ruan X.H.,2009,Development,characterization and application of microsatellite marker in Turbot,Dissertation for Ph.D.,O-cean University of China,Supervisors:Duan C.M.,and Kong J.,pp.80-83(阮晓红,2009,大鳞鲆(Turbot)微卫星标记的筛选与应用,博士论文学位,中国海洋大学,导师:段存明,孔杰,pp.80-83)
Spielman D.,Brook B.W.,and Frankham R.,2004,Most species are not driven to extinction before genetic factors impact them,Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101(42):15261-15264
Sun X.W.,and Liang L.Q.,2000,A genetic linkage map of common carp,Zhongguo Shuichan Kexue(Journal Fish Science China),7(1):1-5(孙效文,梁利群,2000,鲤鱼的遗传连锁图谱(初报),中国水产科学,7(1):1-5)
Tautz D.,1989,Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers,Nucleic Acids Research,17(16):6463-6471
Wang C.Z.,Liang H.W.,Zou G.W.,Luo X.Z.,Li Z.,Tian H.,and Hu G.F.,2008,Genetic variation analysis of two silver carp populations in the middle and upper Yangtze River by microsatellite,Yichuan(Hereditas),30(10):1341-1348(王长忠,梁宏伟,邹桂伟,罗相忠,李忠,田华,呼光福,2008,长江中上游两个鲢群体遗传变异的微卫星分析,遗传,30(10):1341-1348)
Zhou G.Y.,Zou G.W.,Liang H.W.,and Luo X.Z.,2007,Variation in microsatellite DNA of in breeding F2progeny of artificial silver carp,Danshui Yuye(Freshwater Fisheries),(4):30-34(周裕华,邹桂伟,梁宏伟,罗相忠,2007,人工雌核发育鲢近交F2微卫星DNA变异分析,淡水渔业,(4):30-34)
Zhu X.D.,Geng B.,Li J.,and Sun X.W.,2007,Analysis of genetic diversity among silver carp populations in the middle and lower Yangtze river using thirty microsatellite markers,Yichuan(Hereditas),29(6):705-713(朱晓东,耿波,李娇,孙效文,2007,利用30个微卫星标记分析长江中下游鲢群体的遗传多样性,遗传,29(6):705-713)